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Goryeo expedition to Tsushima
The Goryeo expedition to Tsushima (대마도 정벌) was a 1389 naval raid in which commander Park Wi led about 100 warships to Tsushima Island, burning 300 pirate ships and rescuing captives.
Goryeo–Jurchen War
The Goryeo–Jurchen War (1104–1109) pitted Korea's Goryeo dynasty, commanded by Yun Gwan, against the Jurchen; Goryeo built nine fortresses in 1107 but returned them in 1109.
Goryeo–Ming conflict over Liaodong
The Goryeo–Ming conflict over Liaodong was a diplomatic and military confrontation between Korea's Goryeo dynasty and Ming China over the Liaodong region, escalating under King U.
Gothic Line
Gothic Line (Gotenstellung, Linea Gotica): German fortified defense across the northern Apennines from La Spezia to Pesaro-Rimini in WWII; breached in Operation Olive in September 1944 but held until April 1945.
Gothic War (535–554)
Gothic War (535–554), also called the Greco-Gothic War: Justinian I's Byzantine reconquest of Italy from the Ostrogoths, led by Belisarius and Narses against Totila, ending with Mons Lactarius and devastation of Rome.
Gran Colombia–Peru War
The Gran Colombia–Peru War (1828–1829): Peru versus Gran Colombia over Tumbes, Jaén, Maynas, and Guayaquil; Peruvian naval victories and Guayaquil's capture versus Sucre's land victory at Tarqui, ending in the 1829 Treaty of Guayaquil.
Grand Army of the Republic
Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), Union Civil War veterans' fraternity founded 1866 in Decatur, Illinois; peaked at 400,000 members in 1890, drove pension law, created Memorial Day, integrated, dissolved 1956.
Grand Mosque seizure
Grand Mosque seizure: the November 1979 armed takeover of Mecca's Masjid al-Haram by several hundred Salafi insurgents led by Juhayman al-Utaybi proclaiming Mohammed al-Qahtani the Mahdi; crushed with foreign help, sixty executed, Saudi policy turned more conservative.
Granma expedition
The Granma expedition was the November 1956 voyage in which Fidel Castro and 81 other rebels sailed from Mexico to Cuba to launch an armed uprising against Fulgencio Batista.
Granma landing
The Granma landing was the arrival at Playa Las Coloradas, eastern Cuba, of the yacht Granma carrying 82 men led by Fidel Castro on 2 December 1956.
Grattan Massacre
The Grattan Massacre was an 1854 fight near Fort Laramie, Wyoming, in which Lakota warriors killed a 30-man U.S. Army detachment under Lieutenant John Grattan.
Great Heathen Army
The Great Heathen Army (Old English micel hæðen here) was the Viking conquering army that landed in East Anglia in 865 under Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan, and Ubba, overwintering at camps like Torksey and Repton, seizing York, dividing Northumbria and Mercia, and establishing the Danelaw.
Great Locomotive Chase
The Great Locomotive Chase, or Andrews' Raid, was an April 12, 1862 Civil War mission in which Union raiders stole the locomotive General in Georgia and ran it 87 miles toward Chattanooga, pursued by the Texas; it produced the first Medal of Honor recipients.
Great Naktong Offensive
The Great Naktong Offensive was the North Korean People's Army's final large-scale attack on the Pusan Perimeter in the Korean War, from 31 August to 15 September 1950.
Great Patriotic War
The Great Patriotic War (Великая Отечественная война) is the Russian name for the Soviet Union's war against Nazi Germany on the Eastern Front of World War II, from 1941 to 1945.
Great Patriotic War (term)
Great Patriotic War (Великая Отечественная война) is the Soviet and Russian historiographical term for the Soviet-German war of 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945, the Eastern Front of World War II, first printed in Pravda on 23 June 1941 and central to Russian memory politics.
Great Prussian Uprising
The Great Prussian Uprising was the largest revolt of the pagan Old Prussian tribes against the Teutonic Order, from 1260 to 1274, prompted by the Order's defeat at Durbe.
Great Raid of 1840
The Great Raid of 1840 was a large retaliatory Comanche raid into the Republic of Texas, in which Buffalo Hump's warriors burned Victoria and Linnville before defeat at Plum Creek.
Great Rebellion of 1780–1782
The Great Rebellion of 1780–1782 was a pan-Andean indigenous uprising against Spanish colonial rule, led by Túpac Amaru II and Túpac Katari in Peru and Upper Peru.
Great Siege of Gibraltar
Great Siege of Gibraltar (June 1779 to February 1783), fourteenth siege of the Rock, when a 7,000-strong British garrison under General Eliott held out against 40,000 Franco-Spanish troops, defeating floating batteries with red-hot shot and digging the Great Siege Tunnels.
Great Siege of Malta
Great Siege of Malta (1565): Ottoman invasion of the Knights Hospitaller's island, May to September 1565. Fort St Elmo fell 23 June; 8,000-strong relief landed 7 September; Ottoman army withdrew, Valletta founded 1566.
Great Stand on the Ugra River (Великое стояние на реке Угре)
The Great Stand on the Ugra River (Великое стояние на реке Угре) was the 1480 standoff between Ivan III of Moscow and Khan Akhmed of the Great Horde.
Great Swamp Fight
The Great Swamp Fight, also called the Great Swamp Massacre, was a 1675 attack in which colonial forces burned the Narragansett fort in Rhode Island during King Philip's War.
Great Troubles
The Great Troubles, or Velikaya zamyatnya, was a twenty-year dynastic war in the Golden Horde from 1359 to 1380, with more than 25 khans and Mamai ruling the west.
Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (大東亜共栄圏)
The Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere (大東亜共栄圏, Dai Tōa Kyōeiken) was Japan's declared 1940 vision of a Japanese-led Asian bloc, combining pan-Asianist propaganda with wartime economic mobilization until its collapse in 1945.
Greater Liberia
Greater Liberia was the NPFL-held territory under Charles Taylor during Liberia's first civil war, covering about 90 percent of the country from Gbarnga, with its own Buchanan port, currency, and banking system, ending with Taylor's 1997 election.
Greco-Italian War (Ελληνοϊταλικός Πόλεμος)
Greco-Italian War (Ελληνοϊταλικός Πόλεμος), also Italo-Greek War: conflict between Italy and Greece, 28 October 1940 to 23 April 1941, begun by the Italian invasion from Albania after Metaxas rejected Mussolini's ultimatum; Greek counter-offensive was the first Allied land victory over the Axis.
Greco-Persian Wars
Greco-Persian Wars: conflicts between Achaemenid Persia and Greek city-states, 499-449 BC, beginning with the Ionian Revolt and marked by Marathon (490), Salamis and Plataea (480/79), ending with the disputed Peace of Kallias.
Greek Civil War child evacuations
The Greek Civil War child evacuations, known as the Paidomazoma, saw communists move thousands of children to Eastern Europe while the government placed others in paidopoleis.
Greek genocide
The Greek genocide refers to the persecution, deportation, and killing of Ottoman Greeks, especially Pontic Greeks, from 1913 to 1923, with death toll estimates from 300,000 to over one million and contested genocide recognition.