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Moriori genocide
The Moriori genocide was the killing and enslavement of the Moriori people of the Chatham Islands after an 1835 invasion by the Māori tribes Ngāti Mutunga and Ngāti Tama.
Moro conflict
Moro conflict: armed and political struggle between the Philippine state and the Muslim Moro peoples of Mindanao and Sulu, fought by the MNLF and MILF, addressed by the 1976 Tripoli, 1996 Final Peace, and 2014 Bangsamoro agreements and the BARMM autonomy.
Moro National Liberation Front
Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF), Moro armed movement founded 1972 by Nur Misuari; signed the 1976 Tripoli Agreement and 1996 Final Peace Agreement with the Philippine government under OIC mediation, distinct from the splinter MILF.
Moro raids
Moro raids were seaborne slave-raiding expeditions by Iranun and Balangingi raiders, sponsored by the Sulu and Maguindanao sultanates, that struck Philippine coastal settlements from 1590 until the mid-nineteenth century.
Moro Rebellion
The Moro Rebellion was an armed conflict between the Muslim Moro people of Mindanao and the US military, resisting American takeover in the southern Philippines from 1899 to 1913.
Morrison Incident
The Morrison Incident (Morrison-gō jiken, モリソン号事件) was an 1837 episode in which Japanese coastal batteries fired on the American merchant ship Morrison, which was returning seven shipwrecked Japanese sailors.
Moscow hostage crisis chemical agent
Aerosolized fentanyl-derivative mixture, identified as carfentanil and remifentanil by 2012 Porton Down analysis, used by Russian special forces to end the 2002 Dubrovka theater siege; killed over 100 hostages.
Moscow theater hostage crisis
Moscow theater hostage crisis (Nord-Ost or Dubrovka siege): Chechen fighters seized the Dubrovka Theater on 23 October 2002, taking about 850-900 hostages; the 26 October FSB rescue using an aerosolized fentanyl-agent killed 128-129 hostages.
Mossad activities in Iran
Mossad activities in Iran: covert Israeli intelligence operations inside Iran since 1979, including Stuxnet sabotage, nuclear-scientist assassinations, the 2018 nuclear archive theft, the Haniyeh killing, and the June 2025 Operation Rising Lion pre-positioned sabotage campaign.
Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre
Operation Wrath of God (Mivtza Za'am Ha'el): Mossad's covert assassination campaign authorized by Golda Meir after the 1972 Munich massacre of 11 Israeli athletes; eight European killings 1972-1973, enabled by Club de Berne intelligence, ending with the Lillehammer mistaken-identity killing.
Motives for the September 11 attacks
Motives for the September 11 attacks: al Qaeda's declared grievances (US troops in Saudi Arabia, Iraq sanctions, Israel), religious defensive-jihad framing, far-enemy strategy, and oil-factor and state-support debates.
Mountain Meadows Massacre
Mountain Meadows Massacre: September 1857 killing of about 120 Baker-Fancher emigrants from Arkansas by the Mormon Iron County Militia and purported Paiutes in southern Utah; John D. Lee convicted and executed 1877.
Mozambican Civil War
Mozambican Civil War (1977–1992, also dated from 1979): FRELIMO government versus RENAMO insurgents backed by Rhodesia and South Africa; over one million dead, millions displaced; ended by the Rome General Peace Accords of 4 October 1992, distinct from the later Cabo Delgado insurgency.
Mozambican War of Independence
The Mozambican War of Independence, fought by FRELIMO guerrillas against Portuguese rule from 1964 to 1974, ended after Portugal's 1974 Carnation Revolution, with independence proclaimed on 25 June 1975.
Mpondomise Rebellion
The Mpondomise Rebellion, also known as Hope's War, was an 1880–1881 uprising of the Mpondomise people against Cape Colony rule, begun by Chief Mhlontlo's killing of magistrate Hamilton Hope.
Mtiuleti uprising
The Mtiuleti uprising (Georgian: მთიულეთის აჯანყება) was an 1804 armed rebellion by the highlanders of eastern Georgia against Russian rule, the first mass uprising against the annexation.
Mujahideen
Mujahideen (mujahidin, plural of Arabic mujahid): the Afghan guerrilla factions formed after the 27 April 1978 coup who fought the Soviet occupation 1979–1989 with US, Saudi, and Pakistani backing, took Kabul in 1992, then fought a civil war until the Taliban took Kabul in 1996.
Multi-National Force – Iraq
Multi-National Force – Iraq (MNF-I) was the US-led coalition command in Iraq from May 2004 to end-2008, authorized by UN Resolution 1546, replacing CJTF-7 and overseeing MNC-I and MNSTC-I before its mandate expired under Resolution 1790.
Munich massacre
Munich massacre: Black September attack on the Israeli Olympic team at the 1972 Munich Games, September 5-6, 1972; eleven Israelis, one policeman, and five attackers died after a failed rescue at Fürstenfeldbruck.
Muqanna's revolt
Muqanna's revolt was an uprising against Abbasid rule in Sogdiana led by al-Muqanna, the veiled prophet, whose white-clothed followers fought from the mid-770s until his death around 780.
Murder and rape of Sarla Bhat
Murder and rape of Sarla Bhat: 1990 killing of a 27-year-old Kashmiri Pandit nurse at SKIMS Soura by JKLF militants; SIA chargesheet of June 2026 named Yasin Malik and four operatives.
Murder of Brett Bowyer
Murder of Brett Bowyer: February 17, 2002 killing of 12-year-old William Brett Bowyer in Phenix City, Alabama, also known as the Butch Bowyer buried-alive case; Michael Carruth and Jimmy Lee Brooks Jr., posing as narcotics officers, killed the boy and were sentenced to death.
Murder of Catherine Cesnik
Murder of Catherine Cesnik: unsolved 1969 killing of Sister Cathy Cesnik, 26, a nun teaching at Archbishop Keough High School, Baltimore; linked to abuse allegations against Father Joseph Maskell and the Netflix series The Keepers.
Murder of Ella French
Murder of Ella French: killing of Chicago police officer Ella Grace French, 29, shot August 7, 2021 during a West Englewood traffic stop; Emonte Morgan convicted 2024, sentenced to life without parole; partner Carlos Yanez Jr. wounded.
Murder of Holly Jones
Murder of Holly Jones: 10-year-old Toronto girl abducted and killed May 12-13, 2003 by Michael Briere, caught via a DNA canvass after 40 days; life sentence, no parole for 25 years.
Murder of Lee Rigby
Murder of Lee Rigby: killing of Fusilier Lee Rigby by Michael Adebolajo and Michael Adebowale in Woolwich, London, 22 May 2013; first fatal jihadist attack in Britain since 7/7; convictions December 2013, ISC inquiry 2014.
Murder of Lil JoJo
Murder of Lil JoJo: killing of Joseph Coleman, 18, Chicago drill rapper shot in a drive-by in Englewood on September 4, 2012, after a social-media feud with Chief Keef; also called the Lil JoJo shooting.
Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter
Murder of Michèle Kiesewetter: killing of the 22-year-old Heilbronn policewoman on 25 April 2007 by NSU terrorists Uwe Böhnhardt and Uwe Mundlos, with Martin Arnold wounded; motive and possible additional perpetrators still disputed.
Murder of Nancy Harris
Murder of Nancy Harris: 2012 fatal burning of 76-year-old Garland, Texas store clerk Nancy Harris by Matthew Lee Johnson during a robbery; his 2013 death sentence ended with his 2025 execution.
Murder of Samuel Paty
Murder of Samuel Paty (assassinat de Samuel Paty): the October 16, 2020 beheading of a French civics teacher near Paris by Chechen-born Abdoullakh Anzorov after a false online hate campaign; trials in 2024 and appeal verdict in 2026.