5,963 articles
Novi Sad raid
The Novi Sad raid (Hungarian: Újvidéki razzia) was a series of operations by Hungarian forces that killed around 4,000 Serbian and Jewish civilians in January 1942.
Novopavlivka offensive
The Novopavlivka offensive is a Russian military operation begun in March 2025 to seize the Ukrainian settlement of Novopavlivka in the western Donetsk region near the Dnipropetrovsk border.
Novorossiya (Новороссия) (confederation)
Novorossiya (Новороссия), "New Russia": unrecognized confederation proclaimed May 2014 by the Donetsk and Luhansk People's Republics (also Federal State of Novorossiya, Union of People's Republics, led by Oleh Tsaryov); existed on paper only, aimed at eight Ukrainian oblasts, and was abandoned by about 2015.
Nuseirat rescue and massacre
The Nuseirat rescue and massacre (Operation Arnon) was the 8 June 2024 Israeli daytime raid freeing four Nova festival hostages in central Gaza, in which Gaza's Health Ministry reported 274 Palestinians killed and 698 injured, figures Israel disputed.
Nyayo House torture chambers
The Nyayo House torture chambers were basement cells and interrogation rooms in Nairobi where Kenya's state tortured hundreds of political dissidents under President Daniel arap Moi.
Nyonoksa radiation accident
Nyonoksa radiation accident (Инцидент в Нёноксе, also Nenoksa accident): 8 August 2019 explosion at a Russian naval test site near Severodvinsk that killed five Rosatom specialists, spiked radiation to 16 times background, and involved detected fission products indicating a critical reactor event.
Oakwood mutiny
The Oakwood mutiny was a failed 2003 military uprising in the Philippines, when over 300 junior officers occupied the Oakwood tower in Makati to demand President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo's resignation.
Ober Ost
Ober Ost (Oberbefehlshaber Ost) was Germany's WWI military occupation regime over Lithuania, Courland, Belarus, and Polish borderlands from 1915, run by Hindenburg and Ludendorff as an autonomous military state until November 1918.
Oberkommando der Wehrmacht
The Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW, "High Command of the Armed Forces") was the supreme command organization of the German armed forces from 1938 to 1945, created by Hitler.
Occupation of Constantinople
The occupation of Constantinople was the 1918 to 1923 presence of British, French, and Italian forces in the Ottoman capital under the Armistice of Mudros.
Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945)
Occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945): Nazi Germany's annexation of the Sudetenland under the Munich Agreement, March 1939 invasion, Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, Reichsgau Sudetenland, economic exploitation, Holocaust, resistance, and 1945 liberation.
Occupation of German Samoa
The occupation of German Samoa was New Zealand's seizure and military rule of German Samoa during the First World War, starting with an unopposed landing at Apia in August 1914.
Occupation of Japan
Allied occupation of Japan (1945–1952): U.S.-led post-WWII military occupation under SCAP MacArthur that demilitarized, democratized, and rebuilt Japan, ending with the San Francisco Peace Treaty.
Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)
Occupation of Poland 1939-1945: German and Soviet military rule after the September 1939 invasion, the General Government under Hans Frank, annexed Reich territories, the Holocaust in occupied Poland, and Polish resistance.
Occupation of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge
The 2016 Malheur National Wildlife Refuge occupation: a 41-day armed takeover led by Ammon and Ryan Bundy protesting rancher prison sentences and federal land control, ending with FBI arrests and mixed trial verdicts.
Occupation of the Rhineland
Allied occupation of the German Rhineland, 1918–1930, under the Versailles Treaty and the Rhineland Agreement of June 28, 1919: left bank plus bridgeheads at Cologne, Coblenz, Mainz, and Kehl, run by the Inter-Allied Rhineland High Commission at Coblenz and evacuated zone by zone by 1930.
October 1988 riots in Algeria
The October 1988 riots, known in Algeria as Black October, began in Algiers on 4–5 October 1988 and were suppressed by the army, prompting President Chadli Bendjedid to end single-party rule.
October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel
October 2024 Iranian strikes on Israel: Iran's IRGC Operation True Promise 2, about 180 ballistic missiles fired at Israel on October 1, 2024, retaliating for the deaths of Nasrallah and Haniyeh; roughly fifty missiles penetrated defenses, hitting Nevatim and Tel Nof air bases, prompting Israel's October 26 Days of Repentance strikes on Iranian air defenses and missile facilities.
October 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran
October 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran: 26 October 2024 three-wave Israeli air attack on about 20 Iranian sites, retaliating for Iran's 1 October ballistic missile attack; hit air defenses, Parchin, Khojir, missile production.
October Crisis
October Crisis: 1970 Quebec sequence of events when the FLQ kidnapped James Cross and Pierre Laporte, prompting Pierre Trudeau's peacetime-only invocation of the War Measures Act; Laporte was murdered, Cross freed in December.
October Incident
The October Incident (十月事件) was an attempted coup planned in October 1931 by Imperial Japanese Army officers, led by Colonel Hashimoto Kingoro of the Sakurakai society.
Oda Nobunaga's entry into Kyoto
Oda Nobunaga's entry into Kyoto, known in Japanese as jōraku, was the warlord's 1568 occupation of the capital at the head of some 50,000 troops, installing Ashikaga Yoshiaki as the 15th shogun.
Odilo Globocnik
Odilo Globocnik (1904-1945), Austrian SS-Gruppenführer, Gauleiter of Vienna, SS and Police Leader in Lublin; directed Operation Reinhard (Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, about 1.7 million murdered); later HSSPF Adriatic Littoral; died by suicide after British capture.
Ōei Invasion
The Ōei Invasion, known in Korea as the Gihwa Eastern Expedition (기해동정), was Joseon Korea's 1419 naval attack on Tsushima, aimed at the wakō pirates' base.
Ōei Rebellion
The Ōei Rebellion (応永の乱) was a 1399 revolt by Ōuchi Yoshihiro against shogun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu; defeated at Sakai, Yoshihiro died and the Ōuchi lost four provinces.
Oflag IV-C
Oflag IV-C (Offizierlager IV C) was a German prisoner-of-war camp for Allied officers at Colditz Castle in Saxony, holding notorious escapees and seeing more than 300 escape attempts.
Ogaden War
Ogaden War (1977–1978), the Ethio-Somali War: Somalia's invasion of Ethiopia to annex the Ogaden; Soviet and Cuban intervention reversed Somalia's early gains and led to its defeat.
Oghuz Rebellion against the Seljuks
The Oghuz Rebellion against the Seljuks was the 1153 uprising of Oghuz tribes near Balkh who defeated Sultan Ahmad Sanjar's army and took him prisoner.
Ohi Day (Επέτειος του «Όχι»)
Ohi Day (Επέτειος του «Όχι»), 28 October, Greek and Cypriot national holiday commemorating Metaxas's 1940 rejection of Mussolini's ultimatum, marked by parades and school closures.
Oise-Aisne American Cemetery Plot E
Plot E at Oise-Aisne American Cemetery, Seringes-et-Nesles, France, is the hidden burial ground, established 1949, for 94-96 American servicemen executed for murder, rape, or desertion in WWII Europe.