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Wars, campaigns, and incidents

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United Nations War Crimes Commission

United Nations War Crimes Commission (UNWCC), Allied body founded October 1943, active 1943–1948, that assessed evidence and endorsed charges for national war crimes trials; listed over 36,000 suspects and supported thousands of trials, later overshadowed by Nuremberg.

United Somali Congress offensive in Mogadishu

The United Somali Congress offensive in Mogadishu was the December 1990 to January 1991 assault by the Hawiye-based USC rebel group that drove President Siad Barre from the capital.

United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade

The United States Army 250th Anniversary Parade, held June 14, 2025 on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., marked the Army's semiquincentennial with 6,700 soldiers, tanks, and flyovers; it coincided with Trump's 79th birthday, cost about $30 million, and drew under 200,000 attendees amid No Kings protests.

United States Colored Troops

United States Colored Troops (USCT): segregated Black Union Army regiments created by War Department General Order 143 on May 22, 1863; about 179,000 men, white officers, 39 major engagements, last regiment mustered out December 1867.

United States expedition to Korea (신미양요)

The 1871 United States expedition to Korea, or Shinmiyangyo (신미양요), was a five-ship naval mission under Admiral John Rodgers and Minister Frederick Low that sought trade and answers on the General Sherman, fought on Ganghwa Island, killed over 240 Koreans, and won no treaty until 1882.

United States government group chat leaks

Signalgate: March 2025 leak of a Signal group chat, "Houthi PC small group," in which senior Trump officials including Hegseth, Vance, and Rubio discussed Yemen strike plans, with Atlantic editor Jeffrey Goldberg accidentally added; led to IG findings, court orders, and Waltz's departure.

United States in the Korean War

The United States in the Korean War (1950–1953) covers America's role leading the UN defense of South Korea, deploying over 325,000 troops before the 1953 armistice.

United States intervention in Nigeria

United States intervention in Nigeria involves military aid, security cooperation, and humanitarian assistance. Since 2000, the U.S. has provided over $2 billion in aid and conducted direct strikes.

United States invasion of Afghanistan

United States invasion of Afghanistan, October 7, 2001 launch of Operation Enduring Freedom: US airpower, Special Forces, CIA teams, and Northern Alliance militias overthrew the Taliban after 9/11, beginning a two-decade war ending with the 2021 withdrawal.

United States invasion of Grenada

The United States invasion of Grenada, Operation Urgent Fury (25 October 1983), saw US and six Caribbean forces oust Grenada's military council after Maurice Bishop's execution; the UN General Assembly condemned it 108-9 as a violation of international law.

United States invasion of Panama

Operation Just Cause, the US invasion of Panama launched 20 December 1989, deposed and captured General Manuel Noriega, installed Guillermo Endara's government, and drew UN and OAS condemnation while enabling Panama's democratic transition.

United States military buildup in the Caribbean during Operation Southern Spear

US military buildup in the Caribbean during Operation Southern Spear: a 2025 concentration of SOUTHCOM forces, including the Gerald R. Ford carrier strike group, F-35s, MQ-9s, and about 15,000 personnel, one of the largest U.S. regional deployments since the Cold War, supporting strikes on alleged drug vessels and pressure on Venezuela.

United States military casualties in the War in Afghanistan

U.S. military casualties in the War in Afghanistan (2001-2021): 2,461 U.S. deaths and over 20,000 wounded per the Department of Defense, with over 775,000 troops deployed; deadliest year 2010, IEDs the leading cause at 44% of war-zone deaths.

United States military casualties of war

United States military casualties of war cover American service members' deaths and wounds from 1775 to the present, tracked by VA and DCAS; about 651,031 battle deaths through 1991, led by the Civil War and World War II.

United States Navy in World War II

The United States Navy in World War II fought Japan in the Pacific and U-boats in the Atlantic, 1941-1945. Key facts: 56,206 dead, fast carrier task forces, 52 submarines lost, Leyte Gulf.

United States occupation of Nicaragua

United States occupation of Nicaragua (1912-1933), also called the Nicaraguan Campaign: U.S. Marine occupation begun under Adolfo Díaz against Luis Mena's revolt, marked by dollar diplomacy, the 1916 quasi-protectorate, supervised elections, the Guardia Nacional, and the Sandino counterinsurgency.

United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924)

The United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924) was an eight-year American military government in which the US Navy seized legislative and executive functions and controlled customs revenues.

United States strikes on alleged drug traffickers during Operation Southern Spear

U.S. military lethal strikes on alleged drug-trafficking boats in the Caribbean and eastern Pacific under Operation Southern Spear (announced November 13, 2025), run by SOUTHCOM's Joint Task Force Southern Spear; 71 strikes killed 238 people by October 2026 amid major legal controversy.

United States Volunteers

United States Volunteers (USV) were state-raised units mustered into federal service, 1775-1903; in the Civil War they dwarfed the Regular Army, with 1,556,678 three-year Union volunteers, distinct ranks, and CMSR records at NARA.

United States war crimes

United States war crimes: serious violations of the law of armed conflict attributed to U.S. forces or agents, governed domestically by the War Crimes Act of 1996 (18 U.S.C. § 2441) and internationally by the Geneva Conventions; the U.S. is not an ICC party and first used the Act in 2023.

University of Texas tower shooting

University of Texas tower shooting, Austin, August 1, 1966: Charles Whitman killed his mother and wife, then sniped from the 231-foot tower deck for 96 minutes; 17 dead, 31 wounded, ended by Austin police.

Unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted submarine warfare, Germany's WWI naval policy of sinking any ship in a zone without warning, practiced in 1915 and again from February 1917, causing record shipping losses, the convoy response, and US entry into the war.

Uprising in Montenegro (1941)

The Uprising in Montenegro of 13 July 1941 was a mass armed rebellion against Italian occupation, triggered by the proclamation of an independent Montenegro under Italian protection in Cetinje.

Uprising of Georgi Voyteh

The Uprising of Georgi Voyteh was a revolt against Byzantine rule in the Balkans in 1072–1073, led by the Skopje boyar Georgi Voyteh and crushed at Kosovo Polje.

Uprising of Ivailo

The Uprising of Ivailo (Въстанието на Ивайло) was a Bulgarian peasant revolt begun in 1277 by the swineherd Ivailo, who overthrew Emperor Constantine Tikh and ruled as tsar from 1278 to 1279.

Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin

The Uprising of Konstantin and Fruzhin was an anti-Ottoman revolt in the Bulgarian lands in the early 15th century, led by two exiled heirs of Bulgaria's last tsars.

UPS Airlines Flight 2976

UPS Airlines Flight 2976: MD-11F freighter N259UP that crashed on takeoff at Louisville on November 4, 2025, after its left engine and pylon separated due to a fractured pylon aft-mount spherical bearing; 14 killed, MD-11 fleet grounded, NTSB investigation DCA26MA024 ongoing.

Ural Airlines Flight 178

Ural Airlines Flight 178, known as the Miracle in the Cornfield, landed in a cornfield near Moscow after a bird strike in 2019; all 233 aboard survived.

Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571

Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571 (Tragedia de los Andes): a Fairchild FH-227D charter carrying the Old Christians rugby team crashed in the Andes on October 13, 1972; 16 of 45 aboard survived 72 days before rescue in December 1972.

Uruguayan War

Uruguayan War (1864–1865), also Guerra contra Aguirre: Brazil and Venancio Flores's Colorados overthrew Uruguay's Blanco government; climax was the siege of Paysandú, ending with Uruguay joining the Triple Alliance.