36 articles
Atuna
Atuna was a small tributary kingdom of the Tabal region in Iron Age Anatolia, ruled by Askwisis and Kurti and listed by Tiglath-pileser III in the 8th century BC.
Bryges
The Bryges, also called Briges or Brygi, were a Thracian people of the southern Balkans whose heartland lay in Macedonia around Mount Bermius, regarded as the Phrygians' European kinsmen.
Carian inscriptions
The Carian inscriptions record Carian, an extinct Anatolian Indo-European language of southwest Anatolia, written from the 7th to 4th centuries BC, mostly by mercenaries in Egypt.
Carians
The Carians were the ancient people of Caria in south-west Anatolia, south of the Maeander River, speaking Carian, an extinct Anatolian Indo-European language, attested from about 1800 BC.
Caucones
The Caucones (Kaukones) were a shadowy ancient people whom Homer lists among Troy's allies, placed by later Greek tradition in Paphlagonia and the western Peloponnese.
Çiftlik stele
The Çiftlik stele is a Neo-Hittite stone monument from Ovaçiftlikköy in Kayseri Province, Turkey, bearing a mid-8th-century BC Hieroglyphic Luwian inscription by a servant of the Tabalian ruler Tuwati.
Croeseid
A Croeseid is a pure gold or silver coin struck at Sardis under King Croesus of Lydia in the mid-sixth century BCE, bearing a lion and bull.
Croesus hoard
The Croesus hoard, or Karun Treasure, is a set of 363 Lydian artifacts looted from tumuli in Uşak, Turkey, and repatriated from the Met in 1993.
Heraclid dynasty (Lydia)
The Heraclid dynasty of Lydia, also called the Tylonid dynasty, is the legendary royal line Herodotus says ruled Sardis for 22 generations, about 505 years, before Gyges founded the Mermnads.
Isaurians
The Isaurians were an ancient warlike mountain people of the Taurus mountains in southern Asia Minor, repeatedly in revolt against Rome and stereotyped as brigands.
Ištuanda
Ištuanda was a Neo-Hittite kingdom in the Tabal region of south-central Anatolia, attested only in Assyrian tribute lists of Tiglath-pileser III, 738 and 732 BC.
Limyra bilingual inscription
The Limyra bilingual inscription is a Greek–Aramaic funerary bilingual carved on a rock-cut tomb at Limyra in Lycia, commemorating Artimas son of Arzapiya, with the Greek added generations later.
Lion of Knidos
The Lion of Knidos is a colossal recumbent marble lion that crowned a tomb at Knidos in Caria, south-west Anatolia, and has stood in the British Museum since 1859.
Lycian inscriptions
The Lycian inscriptions are a corpus of about 200 texts in Lycian, an Anatolian language of ancient Lycia in southwest Turkey, written mostly during the 5th and 4th centuries BC.
Lycians
The Lycians were the Luwic-speaking inhabitants of Lycia, the mountainous southern shore of southwestern Anatolia, whose Iron Age kingdom fell under Persian rule around 540 BC.
Lydian coinage
Lydian coinage is the earliest known stamped coinage in the world, struck in electrum at Sardis, capital of Lydia, from roughly the mid-seventh century BC under the Mermnad dynasty.
Lydian inscriptions
The Lydian inscriptions are about 100 surviving texts in the Lydian language and alphabet, mostly from Sardis, dating from the eighth to the third century BC.
Lydian language
Lydian is an extinct Indo-European language of the Anatolian branch, attested in about a hundred inscriptions from Sardis and western Asia Minor, mostly from the 5th and 4th centuries BC.
Lydians
The Lydians were an Iron Age people of western Anatolia, centered on their capital Sardis, who spoke the Lydian language and ruled a kingdom famed for early coinage.
Lydus
Lydus (Λυδός, Lydós) is the legendary eponymous king of Lydia in Herodotus' genealogy, son of Atys and brother of Tyrrhenus, known only from Greek literary tradition.
Mermnad dynasty
The Mermnad dynasty (Mermnadae) was the last royal house of Lydia, ruling from Sardis from Gyges to Croesus until the Persian conquest of the 540s BC.
Midas City inscriptions
The Midas City inscriptions, also called the Yazılıkaya inscriptions, are Old Phrygian rock-cut texts at Midas City, Eskişehir Province, Turkey, mostly from the 6th century BC.
Milyan language
Milyan, also called Lycian B, is a poorly understood Luwic language of ancient Lycia in southwestern Anatolia, known from two poetic stone inscriptions of the 6th to 4th century BC.
Mushki
The Mushki (Muški, also Mushku) were an Iron Age Anatolian people, defeated by Tiglath-pileser I around 1114 BC and later ruled by Mita, usually identified with Midas of Phrygia.
Niğde stelae
The Niğde stelae, also known as the Niğde inscriptions, are Hieroglyphic Luwian monuments from Iron Age Niğde, Turkey, erected for rulers of Nahitiya and Tuwana.
Old Phrygian inscriptions
The Old Phrygian inscriptions, also called Paleo-Phrygian, are 395 texts in the Phrygian language and native alphabet from central Anatolia, dated about 800 to 330 BC, mostly found at Gordion.
Pamphylians
The Pamphylians were the inhabitants of Pamphylia, the southern coastal plain of Anatolia between Attaleia and Side, speaking a distinctive Greek dialect with Anatolian influence.
Phrygian alphabet
The Phrygian alphabet is a script used to write the Phrygian language of central Anatolia from the 8th century BC, derived from the Phoenician or an early Greek alphabet.
Phrygian language
The Phrygian language is an extinct Indo-European language of central and western Anatolia, closely related to Greek and attested in about 500 inscriptions from the 8th century BC to the Roman period.
Pisidians
The Pisidians were the divided mountain communities of Pisidia, a highland region of southern Anatolia, known in classical sources for their fierce resistance to conquerors.