108 articles
Enetarzi
Enentarzi, also written En-entar-zi, was ruler (ensi) of the Sumerian city-state of Lagash in the Early Dynastic IIIb period, after serving as high administrator of the temple of Ningirsu at Girsu; his son Lugalanda succeeded him.
Enhegal
Enhegal, also written Enkhegal, was one of the earliest known rulers of Lagash, a Sumerian city-state in southern Mesopotamia, flourishing around 2570 BC on the middle chronology.
Enmebaragesi
Enmebaragesi of Kish was an Early Dynastic Sumerian king who reigned around 2700 BC, the earliest Mesopotamian ruler known from a contemporary inscription and the father of Aga, Gilgamesh's opponent in epic tradition.
Enmerkar
Enmerkar of Uruk is a legendary king of Uruk, counted in the Sumerian King List and remembered as the hero of the Aratta cycle of Sumerian epics.
Enna-Dagan
Enna-Dagan was a king of Mari in northern Syria during the twenty-fourth century BC, known almost entirely from a threatening letter preserved in Ebla's royal archive.
Enshakushanna
Enshakushanna (Enšakušana) was a king of Uruk in southern Mesopotamia around the mid-24th century BC, known from inscriptions recording his destruction of Kish and capture of its king Enbi-Ištar.
Entemena
Entemena, also known as Enmetena of Lagash, was a ruler of the Sumerian city-state of Lagash around 2420–2400 BC, best known for his silver vase and boundary inscription.
Etana
Etana is a legendary shepherd-king of Kish named in the Sumerian King List, placed around 2800 BCE, and the hero of an Akkadian epic about riding an eagle.
Gishakidu
Gishakidu (Gišakidu) was a ruler of the Sumerian city-state of Umma around 2385 BC, whose cone and vase inscriptions are the first documents recording the Umma–Lagash border conflict from Umma's own point of view.
Hadanish
Hadanish, also rendered Hataniš, is the only king the Sumerian King List records for Hamazi, ruling 360 years after Kish was defeated; no contemporary inscription names him.
Harharu
Harharu is an early ruler of Assur known only from the Assyrian King List, where he is the fifth of seventeen "kings who lived in tents".
Harsu
Harsu is the eighth of the seventeen early "kings who lived in tents" on the Assyrian King List, between Imsu and Didanu, known only from later copies.
Iblul-Il
Iblul-Il, also Iblul-El, was a king of Mari in the mid-third millennium BC who exacted tribute from Ebla and devastated its towns, recorded in the Ebla tablets.
Iddi-ilum
Iddi-ilum, also written Iddin-El, was a shakkanakku, or governor, of Mari on the Euphrates around 2090 BC, known almost entirely from a votive statue now in the Louvre.
Iddin-Ilum
Iddin-Ilum, also rendered Iddi-ilum, was a shakkanakku (governor) of Mari, in present-day Syria, around 2090 BC, known chiefly from a headless votive statue in the Louvre.
Iku-Shamagan
Iku-Shamagan, also read Ikun-Shamagan, was an early Early Dynastic king of Mari on the middle Euphrates, known from royal inscriptions and a 92 cm statuette in the Damascus Museum.
Ikun-Mari
Ikun-Mari is an early king of Mari on the middle Euphrates, known only from a royal-inscription corpus entry and dated to about the 25th century BC.
Ikun-Shamash
Ikun-Shamash (Iku(n)-Šamaš) was a king of Mari on the middle Euphrates during the Early Dynastic period, known from a votive inscription by his courtier Arra-Ilum.
Il (king of Umma)
Il, also read Ila, was a Sumerian king of Umma during Early Dynastic IIIb, known from his own inscription and from hostile Lagash accounts of the border conflict.
Ilku
Ilku is a legendary early king of Kish in the Sumerian King List, assigned a 900-year reign and known only from later copies of the list.
Iltasadum
Iltasadum is a king of the First Dynasty of Kish known only from the Sumerian King List, which assigns him a reign of 1,200 years before Enmebaragesi.
Ishqi-Mari
Ishqi-Mari (Išqi-Mari, formerly read Lamgi-Mari) was a king of Mari's second kingdom who reigned c. 2350–2330 BC and was the last king before the city's destruction, attributed to Sargon of Akkad.
Jushur
Jushur, also written Ngushur, is the legendary first king of the First Dynasty of Kish in the Sumerian King List, said to reign 1,200 years immediately after the flood.
Kalbum
Kalbum is a legendary king of Kish who appears in the Second Dynasty of the Sumerian King List as the son of Mamagal, credited with 195 or 132 years.
Kalibum
Kalibum is a legendary king of the First Dynasty of Kish, known only from the Sumerian King List, a later compilation that assigns him a symbolic 960-year reign.
Kalumum
Kalumum is a legendary king of Kish in the Sumerian King List, ninth ruler of its First Dynasty, with an attributed reign of 840 years.
Kubaba (queen of Kish)
Kubaba, also known as Kug-Bau, is the only woman named as a reigning ruler on the Sumerian King List, credited with a 100-year reign over Kish.
Kullassina-bel
Kullassina-bel is the second named king of the First Dynasty of Kish in the Sumerian King List, a legendary ruler credited with a 960-year reign and unattested by any inscription.
La-ba'shum
La-ba'shum is an early ruler of Uruk identified in the Sumerian King List. He is placed after Gilgamesh and two other rulers in the early 3rd millennium BC.
Limer
Limer is the fifth of six legendary kings of Mari in the Sumerian King List, attributed a 30-year reign as a priest and known from no inscription.