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Ancient Mesopotamia

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Battle of Dur-Papsukkal

The Battle of Dur-Papsukkal was a battle fought in 814 BC near Der in Babylonia, where Shamshi-Adad V of Assyria defeated the Babylonian king Marduk-balassu-iqbi.

Battle of Enannatum I against Urlumma

The battle of Enannatum I against Urlumma was an Early Dynastic IIIb clash between Enannatum of Lagash and Urlumma of Umma, fought around 2450 BC in the Ugiga field.

Battle of Halule

The Battle of Halule was a battle fought in 691 BC at Halulê on the Tigris, between Sennacherib of Assyria and a coalition of Elam and Babylonian rebels.

Battle of Harran (609 BC)

The Battle of Harran was a failed 609 BC counter-siege in which the last Assyrian king, Ashur-uballit II, tried to retake Harran from the Babylonians.

Battle of Kār Ištar

The Battle of Kār Ištar was a victory of Adad-nirari I of Assyria over the Kassite king Nazi-Maruttaš of Babylonia around 1280 BC, followed by a new border agreement.

Battle of Kimuhu

The Battle of Kimuhu was a two-stage Babylonian-Egyptian engagement on the Euphrates in 607–606 BC: Nabopolassar captured the fortified town, and Egypt retook it, slaying his garrison.

Battle of Kish (703 BC)

The Battle of Kish was fought in 703 BC on the plain of Kish near Babylon, where Sennacherib of Assyria decisively defeated a Babylonian coalition led by Marduk-apla-iddina (Merodach-Baladan) with Elamite support.

Battle of Kummuh

The Battle of Kummuh, also known as the Battle of Qummuh, was a 743 BC battle in which Tiglath-pileser III of Assyria crushed a coalition led by Sarduri II of Urartu.

Battle of Mount Bishri

The Battle of Mount Bishri is the modern name for a 681 BC confrontation in Hanigalbat where Esarhaddon's forces defeated his brothers' troops, securing the Assyrian throne.

Battle of Mount Kashiari

The Battle of Mount Kashiari (Battle of Mt. Kashiyari) was fought early in the reign of Ashurnasirpal II of Assyria, who defeated Nur-Adad the Temannite at Pauza and pursued him to Nasibina.

Battle of Nihriya

The Battle of Nihriya (also written Niḫriya) was a late 13th-century BC battle in which an Assyrian army defeated the Hittite army of King Tudhaliya IV near Nihriya.

Battle of Opis

The Battle of Opis, fought on the Tigris in October 539 BC, was the decisive Persian victory of Cyrus the Great over Nabonidus's Babylonian army, leading to Babylon's fall.

Battle of Qarqar

The Battle of Qarqar, also spelled Karkar, was fought in 853 BC between Assyrian king Shalmaneser III and a Levantine coalition including Ahab of Israel.

Battle of Qarqar (720 BC)

The Battle of Qarqar (720 BC) was a siege in northern Syria where Sargon II of Assyria crushed a western revolt led by Yau-bi'di of Hamath, who was captured and flayed.

Battle of Quramati

The Battle of Quramati was an engagement on the Euphrates in 606/605 BC in which an Egyptian army from Carchemish pushed back the Babylonian army of King Nabopolassar.

Battle of Sugagu

The Battle of Sugagu was a mid-14th-century BC battle on the Tigris between Enlil-nirari of Assyria and Kurigalzu II of Babylonia, with each chronicle claiming victory for its own king.

Bavian inscriptions

The Bavian inscriptions, also known as the Khinnis rock reliefs, are Neo-Assyrian rock reliefs and cuneiform texts carved for King Sennacherib at Khinis near Mosul, Iraq.

Bazaya

Bazaya (Akkadian Bāzāia) was an early Old Assyrian ruler of the city of Aššur, listed fifty-second in the Assyrian King List as son of Iptar-Sin, with a recorded 28-year reign.

Bazi (king of Mari)

Bazi is a legendary early ruler of Mari on the Euphrates, listed in the Sumerian King List as a leather worker who reigned 30 years.

Bazi dynasty

The Bazi dynasty, also the Bit-Bazi dynasty, was the sixth dynasty of Babylon, a short line of three kings who ruled Babylonia from about 1005 to 986 BC.

Bēl-dān

Bēl-dān, also written Bel-dan, was an Assyrian palace herald who served twice as eponym, the official who named the year, in 820 BC under Shamshi-Adad V and 807 BC under Adad-nirari III.

Bel-Harran-beli-usur

Bel-Harran-beli-usur (Bēl-Ḫarrān-bēli-uṣur) was a Neo-Assyrian palace herald and governor of Guzana in the 8th century BC, known from a stele found at Tell Abta, west of Mosul.

Bel-ibni

Bel-ibni (Bēl-ibni) was a native Babylonian raised in Assyria whom Sennacherib set on the throne of Babylon; he ruled three years until deported in 700 BC.

Bel-ushezib

Bel-ushezib, also written Bēl-ušēzib, was a Babylonian scholar-astrologer who served the Neo-Assyrian kings Sennacherib and Esarhaddon, and is known from letters and astrological reports found at Nineveh.

Belsazar

Belshazzar (Akkadian Bēl-šar-uṣur) was the eldest son of Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon, and served as regent there until he was probably killed at the Persian capture of Babylon in 539 BC.

Belu-bani

Belu-bani, also known as Bel-bani or Bēlu-bāni, was a king of Assyria, recorded as the forty-eighth ruler in the Assyrian King List, son of Adasi, with a reign of ten years.

Beveled rim bowl

The beveled rim bowl, also spelled bevelled rim bowl, is a coarse conical clay vessel mass-produced across Mesopotamia during the fourth millennium BC, the characteristic vessel of the Uruk culture.

Bilalama

Bilalama was a ruler of the Mesopotamian city-state of Eshnunna in the Diyala region around 2000 BC, known from his seal inscription and the rebuilt Palace of the Rulers at Tell Asmar.

Birhurtura

Birhurtura, also written Birhar-tura, is an officer of Uruk in the Sumerian poem Gilgamesh and Aga, which tells of Aga of Kish besieging Uruk under Gilgamesh.

Birth Legend of Sargon of Akkad

The Birth Legend of Sargon of Akkad, also called the Legend of Sargon of Akkad, is an Akkadian pseudo-autobiography recounting Sargon's birth and rise to kingship.