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Criminal law and penal justice

3,576 articles

Linda Kasabian

Linda Kasabian (Linda Darlene Drouin, later Chiochios), Manson Family member and getaway driver for the 1969 Tate-LaBianca murders, was the immune star witness whose 18 days of 1970 trial testimony convicted Manson and three followers; she died in 2023.

Lindbergh kidnapping

The Lindbergh kidnapping: the March 1, 1932 abduction and murder of Charles Lindbergh Jr. in Hopewell, New Jersey; Bruno Richard Hauptmann's 1935 trial, 1936 execution, the Lindbergh Law, and lasting guilt controversy.

Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton

Lindy Chamberlain-Creighton (Alice Lynne Murchinson, born 1948, Whakatane, NZ) was wrongly convicted in 1982 of murdering baby Azaria, taken by a dingo at Uluru; exonerated 1988, dingo finding 2012.

Lingchi (凌迟)

Lingchi (凌迟), or "death by a thousand cuts," was imperial China's most severe execution, codified from the Liao dynasty onward for crimes like rebellion and parricide, and abolished on 24 April 1905 by Wu Tingfang and Shen Jiaben.

Lionel Tate

Lionel Tate, Florida case of a 12-year-old tried as an adult for the 1999 killing of Tiffany Eunick; youngest reported modern life sentence, reversed in 2003 on competency grounds, later 30-year term for probation violation.

Lisa Jo Chamberlin

Lisa Jo Chamberlin, Mississippi's only woman on death row, was sentenced to death in 2006 for the 2004 Hattiesburg murders of Vernon Hulett and Linda Heintzelman, whose bodies were found in a Kansas freezer; appeals, including Batson and Andrew v. White claims, have been denied.

Lisa McVey

Lisa McVey Noland is an American law enforcement officer who at 17 survived a 1984 abduction by serial killer Bobby Joe Long and helped solve his murders.

List of Alcatraz escape attempts

Alcatraz escape attempts: 14 separate attempts by 36 men from Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary, 1934-1963, including the 1946 Battle of Alcatraz and the unsolved June 1962 escape of Morris and the Anglin brothers.

List of anti-sex offender attacks in the United States

Anti-sex offender attacks in the United States, also called vigilante violence against registrants, are assaults, vandalism, and murders of people listed on sex offender registries; a research database records 279 incidents from 1983 to 2015, including killings by Michael Mullen and Patrick Drum.

List of brothels in Nevada

List of brothels in Nevada: legal, county-licensed houses of prostitution, permitted only in rural counties under 700,000 population; 16 operating in 2026 across Elko, Nye, Lyon, Lander, Storey, and White Pine counties, excluded from Las Vegas and Reno.

List of California state prisons

The California state prisons are 31 adult institutions run by the CDCR, from San Quentin (1852) and Folsom (1880) to Corcoran, Pelican Bay, and two women's prisons, plus about 30 conservation fire camps; population fell from 173,000 in 2006 to about 90,000, driving closures including CRC in 2026.

List of Canada cities by crime severity index

List of Canada cities by crime severity index: rankings of Canadian census metropolitan areas and police services on Statistics Canada's Crime Severity Index (indice de gravité de la criminalité), a weighted police-reported crime measure (2006=100); Chilliwack highest, Barrie lowest among CMAs in 2024.

List of cases of the January 6 United States Capitol attack

List of cases of the January 6 United States Capitol attack: roughly 1,583 federal prosecutions tracked by DOJ, NPR, and GWU databases; ended by Trump's January 20, 2025 pardons and dismissals.

List of con artists

List of con artists: documented confidence tricksters from William Thompson (origin of "confidence man," 1849) through Ponzi, Lustig, Parker, Sorokin, and recent UK and US fraud prosecutions, with schemes and outcomes.

List of countries by incarceration rate

List of countries by incarceration rate, also called prison population rate: prisoners per 100,000 residents, compiled mainly by the World Prison Brief. El Salvador (1,659), Cuba (794), and the United States (542) lead; global average is about 152.

List of countries by intentional homicide rate

List of countries by intentional homicide rate: UNODC-based ranking of countries by unlawful killings with intent per 100,000 people. Global rate 5.8 (2021); Americas highest at 15.0; definition, data sources, and comparability limits explained.

List of crime bosses

List of crime bosses: documented leaders of Cosa Nostra families, the Sicilian Mafia, yakuza, Russian syndicates, and cartels, with convictions, succession rules, acting bosses, and scale figures.

List of criminal enterprises, gangs, and syndicates

List of criminal enterprises, gangs, and syndicates: catalog of organized crime groups, mafias, cartels, triads, yakuza, MS-13, with legal definitions, EU/US counts, and typology.

List of criminal gangs in Brazil

Criminal gangs in Brazil: over 80 organized criminal groups as of 2024, dominated by the PCC (São Paulo, founded 1993) and Comando Vermelho (Rio, 1970s), with CV dissidences ADA and TC, northern allies FDN and GDE, Amazon expansion, and US terrorist designations in 2026.

List of criminal organizations in New York City

List of criminal organizations in New York City: the five La Cosa Nostra families (Bonanno, Colombo, Gambino, Genovese, Lucchese), the DeCavalcante family, plus Westies, Russian networks, and MS-13, with origins, activities, and decline.

List of current inmates at ADX Florence

Current and documented inmates of ADX Florence (USP Florence ADMAX), the federal supermax in Colorado holding about 360 prisoners, including El Chapo, Tsarnaev, Moussaoui, Reid, García Luna, and twelve commuted federal death-row inmates.

List of death row inmates in Japan

Death row inmates in Japan: people under finalized death sentences held in penal facilities, 107 as of October 2024. Covers hanging, secrecy, Hakamada's acquittal, and executions of Shiraishi and Takami.

List of death row inmates in the United States

The list of death row inmates in the United States, also called people on death row, covers the roughly 2,004 prisoners with active death sentences as of January 2026.

List of death row inmates in the United States who have exhausted their appeals

Death row inmates in the United States who have exhausted their appeals are prisoners with no remaining court route to challenge their sentence, tracked by the Death Penalty Information Center.

List of executions in Singapore

List of executions in Singapore: judicial hangings at Changi Prison for murder and drug trafficking under the Criminal Procedure Code and Misuse of Drugs Act; totals fell from over 70 a year in the mid-1990s, then rose to 17 in 2025, with rare clemency.

List of extrajudicial killings and political violence in Lebanon

Overview of extrajudicial killings and political violence in Lebanon: civil-war massacres, the 1975–1990 assassinations of leaders, the 2005 Hariri bombing and STL convictions, post-2020 political murders, and 2023–2026 conflict killings.

List of gangs in Mexico

Gangs in Mexico: youth pandillas (chavos banda), border gangs like MS-13, Barrio 18, Los Aztecas, Mexicles, and La Línea, cartel-affiliated groups such as Santa Rosa de Lima, and major cartels including Sinaloa, CJNG, Gulf, and Familia Michoacana.

List of gangsters by city

List of gangsters by city: city-by-city reference to organized crime figures and groups, covering Al Capone's Chicago, New York's Five Families, Nottingham, London, Liverpool, and Mumbai, with measurement caveats.

List of Guantanamo Bay detainees

List of Guantanamo Bay detainees: roster of 780 Muslim men held at the U.S. naval base camp in Cuba since January 2002; peak about 660 in 2003, nine died in custody, and 15 remained after the January 2025 Oman transfers.

List of Gulag camps

List of Gulag camps: the corrective labor camps (ITL) of the Soviet Main Administration of Camps, 1930–1960; over 400 administrations cataloged by Memorial, including Solovki, Siblag, BelBaltLag, Karlag, Kolyma, and Noril'lag.