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Criminal law and penal justice

3,576 articles

Mako Nishimura

Mako Nishimura is a Japanese former yakuza, probably the only woman ever to be a full-fledged member of the syndicates, who performed the sakazuki and yubitsume rituals.

Malcolm Webster (murderer)

Malcolm Webster (born 1959), English former nurse, convicted 2011 in Scotland of murdering first wife Claire Morris in a staged 1994 Aberdeenshire car crash and of attempting to murder second wife Felicity Drumm in New Zealand in 1999 for insurance money; life sentence, 30-year minimum.

Malice (law)

Malice in law is the intention, without justification or excuse, to commit an unlawful act. Key forms: malice aforethought in murder (express and implied, depraved heart), actual malice in defamation under New York Times v. Sullivan, and malice in malicious prosecution.

Malice aforethought

Malice aforethought is the common law mens rea for murder, covering intent to kill, grievous bodily harm, depraved heart, and felony murder; still used in 18 U.S.C. § 1111 and California law.

Malice murder

Malice murder is a Georgia homicide offense under O.C.G.A. § 16-5-1(a): unlawfully killing a human being with malice aforethought, express or implied, distinguished from felony murder.

Malleus Maleficarum

Malleus Maleficarum (Hammer of Witches), 1486–87 Latin witch-hunting manual by Heinrich Kramer (Institoris), with disputed Sprenger co-authorship; three-part demonology and trial procedure, 28+ editions, torture-sanctioning influence on early modern witch trials.

Malone Lam

Malone Lam, aka 'Anne Hathaway', is a Singaporean who pleaded guilty to leading a RICO conspiracy that stole and laundered over $245 million in cryptocurrency, including 4,100+ BTC from a Washington, D.C. victim, via social engineering, mixers, and no-KYC exchanges.

Mamie Till

Mamie Till-Mobley (Mamie Bradley, 1921-2003), American educator and civil rights activist, mother of lynched teenager Emmett Till; her 1955 open-casket funeral and Jet photos galvanized the Civil Rights Movement.

Manacled Mormon case

The Manacled Mormon case, or Mormon sex-in-chains case: Joyce McKinney's 1977 alleged kidnap and rape of LDS missionary Kirk Anderson in a Devon cottage; no trial, bail jumped, later the subject of the documentary Tabloid.

Mandatory sentencing

Mandatory sentencing, also known as mandatory minimum sentencing, is a criminal justice system in which conviction for a defined offense requires a judge to impose a statutory fixed or minimum penalty.

Manhattan Night

Manhattan Night (2016), also known as an adaptation of Manhattan Nocturne, is a Brian DeCubellis neo-noir thriller starring Adrien Brody as tabloid columnist Porter Wren, entangled in murder, blackmail, and an affair with Yvonne Strahovski's widow character.

Mann Act

The Mann Act, officially the White-Slave Traffic Act, is a 1910 US federal law criminalizing knowingly transporting a person across state lines for prostitution or criminal sexual activity.

Manslaughter

Manslaughter: unlawful homicide without the culpability for murder, split into voluntary (heat of passion) and involuntary (negligence, unlawful dangerous acts) forms in US, English, Canadian and Australian law.

Manson Family

The Manson Family was Charles Manson's California cult, whose members killed seven people including Sharon Tate in the August 1969 Tate–LaBianca murders, leading to 1971 convictions and long-running parole battles.

Manu Sharma

Manu Sharma (Siddharth Vashisht), son of Haryana Congress leader Venod Sharma, convicted of murdering model Jessica Lall in Delhi in 1999; acquitted in 2006, convicted by the Delhi High Court, upheld by the Supreme Court in 2010, released in 2020.

Manuel Torres Félix

Manuel Torres Félix, also José Manuel Torres Félix, aliases El M-1, El 14, El Ondeado, was a Sinaloa Cartel lieutenant and hitman for Ismael El Mayo Zambada, killed by the Mexican Army in Culiacán on 13 October 2012.

Manya Surve

Manya Surve (Manohar Arjun Surve, 1944–1982) was a chemistry graduate from Kirti College who became a Mumbai underworld gangster and was shot dead on 11 January 1982 near Ambedkar College, Wadala, in the Mumbai police's first recorded encounter killing.

Marc Dutroux

Marc Dutroux is a Belgian serial child raper, central to the Dutroux affair, who kidnapped six girls in 1995 and 1996. He was sentenced to life in 2004.

Marc Fogel

Marc Fogel, also known as Marc Hilliard Fogel, is an American history teacher arrested in Russia in 2021 for medically prescribed marijuana and freed in February 2025.

Marcel Petiot

Marcel Petiot, "Docteur Satan" (1897–1946), French physician and serial killer who ran a fake escape network under the Occupation, murdering and robbing people, mostly Jews, at 21 rue Le Sueur; tried in 1946 and guillotined.

Marcelo Costa de Andrade

Marcelo Costa de Andrade, known as the Vampire of Niterói, is a Brazilian serial killer who confessed in 1991 to killing 13 children near Niterói, Rio de Janeiro.

Marcinho VP

Marcinho VP is the alias of Márcio dos Santos Nepomuceno, ex-commander of Complexo do Alemão trafficking and alleged Comando Vermelho chief; imprisoned since 1996, alive in 2026, distinct from homonym Márcio Amaro de Oliveira.

Marcus Wesson

Marcus Delon Wesson (born 1946), American death-row inmate convicted in 2005 of nine counts of first-degree murder for the March 12, 2004 deaths of nine of his children in Fresno, California, plus 14 sex-crime counts; appeal pending.

Mari Gilbert

Mari Gilbert (1964–2016), American victims' advocate from Ellenville, New York, whose search for missing daughter Shannan exposed the Gilgo Beach serial killings; killed by her daughter Sarra in 2016; portrayed by Amy Ryan in Netflix's Lost Girls.

Marianne Bachmeier

Marianne Bachmeier (1950–1996), West German woman who on 6 March 1981 shot dead Klaus Grabowski, on trial for murdering her 7-year-old daughter Anna, in a Lübeck courtroom; convicted of manslaughter, six years, released after three.

Marissa Alexander case

Marissa Alexander case: 2012 Florida prosecution of a Jacksonville woman sentenced to 20 mandatory years for firing a warning shot at her abusive husband; conviction reversed on appeal, resolved by 2014 plea deal and house arrest.

Marital coercion

Marital coercion: English common law doctrine presuming a wife committing an offence in her husband's presence acted under his coercion; abolished as presumption 1925, as defence 2014.

Marital rape

Marital rape: non-consensual sex by a spouse, long exempt from rape law under Hale's 1736 implied-consent doctrine. Abolished in the UK (R v R, 1991) and US (first conviction 1979), but retained in India's BNS 2023 and many other countries.

Mark "Chopper" Read

Mark Brandon "Chopper" Read (1954–2013), Australian criminal, stand-over man and bestselling author of Chopper, From the Inside; never convicted of murder, subject of the 2000 film Chopper starring Eric Bana.

Mark Goudeau

Mark Goudeau (born 1964), the "Baseline Killer," is an Arizona death-row inmate convicted in 2011 of nine Phoenix murders among 67 counts from a 2005–2006 crime series against 33 victims; convictions affirmed in 2016.