53 articles
Mongolia–Russia border agreements
The Mongolia–Russia border agreements are the treaties settling Mongolia's northern border, anchored by the 1915 Treaty of Kyakhta and the 1994 and 1996 trilateral protocols fixing the trijunctions with China.
New Zealand–Papua New Guinea relations
Bilateral relationship between New Zealand and Papua New Guinea (PNG), established in 1975; marked by the Statement of Partnership 2025–2029, Bougainville peace mediation, an Economic Plan of Action, defence cooperation, and RSE labour mobility.
Niue–United States Maritime Boundary Treaty
The Niue–United States Maritime Boundary Treaty, signed in Wellington in 1997 and in force from 2014, establishes a 279-mile equidistant maritime boundary between American Samoa and Niue.
Perry Expedition
Perry Expedition: 1853-1854 US naval mission under Commodore Matthew C. Perry whose Black Ships gunboat diplomacy produced the Treaty of Kanagawa, opening Shimoda and Hakodate and ending Tokugawa Japan's trade seclusion.
Return of the Chinese Eastern Railway
Return of the Chinese Eastern Railway (中国长春铁路): the gratis Soviet transfer of the jointly administered Chinese Changchun Railway and all its property to the PRC, completed in Harbin on December 31, 1952 under the February 14, 1950 Sino-Soviet agreement.
Root–Takahira Agreement
The Root–Takahira Agreement (高平・ルート協定) was a 1908 exchange of notes between Elihu Root and Ambassador Kogoro Takahira affirming the Pacific status quo and the Open Door principle in China.
Senegambia Confederation
Senegambia Confederation (Confédération de la Sénégambie), a 1982–1989 political union of Senegal and The Gambia created after Senegal's 1981 intervention against a coup, with integrated forces and joint institutions, dissolved in 1989 over sovereignty disputes.
Shanghai Communiqué
The Shanghai Communiqué is the joint statement issued by the United States and China on February 27, 1972, at the conclusion of Nixon's visit to China.
Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty (中美共同防御条约)
The Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, signed in 1954, was a military alliance between the United States and the Republic of China. It committed both parties to defend Taiwan.
Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact
Sino-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (中苏互不侵犯条约), signed at Nanking August 21, 1937 by Wang Chung-Hui and Bogomolov: mutual non-aggression, no aid to a third-party aggressor, precursor to major Soviet aid to Nationalist China.
Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance
The Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance (中苏友好同盟互助条约), signed in Moscow 14 February 1950, was a 30-year alliance treaty between the USSR and the PRC with mutual military assistance against Japan or its allies, a US$300 million Soviet loan, and return of Port Arthur and the Chinese Changchun Railway; it lapsed in 1980.
Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty
Soviet–Estonian Mutual Assistance Treaty (Bases Treaty), signed 28 September 1939 in Moscow by Karl Selter and Vyacheslav Molotov; leased Saaremaa, Hiiumaa, and Paldiski bases to the USSR, capped Soviet troops at 25,000, and preceded Estonia's 1940 occupation.
Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty
The Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty (Savstarpējās palīdzības pakts), signed October 5, 1939, forced Latvia to lease Soviet naval and air bases at Liepāja and Ventspils for 25,000 troops; the USSR used alleged breach of the pact to occupy Latvia in June 1940.
Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty
The Soviet–Lithuanian Mutual Assistance Treaty, signed in Moscow in 1939, transferred the Vilnius region to Lithuania in exchange for Soviet bases, a pact that restricted Lithuanian sovereignty.
Tashkent Declaration
The Tashkent Declaration is a peace agreement signed 10 January 1966 at Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, by India's Shastri and Pakistan's Ayub Khan, mediated by Soviet Premier Kosygin, ending the 1965 Indo-Pakistani War through withdrawal to pre-5 August 1965 positions. Distinct from the 1997, 1999, and 2004 declarations of the same name.
Torres Strait Treaty
The Torres Strait Treaty is a bilateral agreement between Australia and Papua New Guinea, signed in 1978, that sets their maritime boundary and creates a Protected Zone.
Treaties between major powers
Treaties between major powers compares how bilateral agreements between large states, including alliances, friendship pacts, arms-control accords, and trade agreements, are structured, ratified, and studied across pairs.
Treaty of Bucharest (1913)
Treaty of Bucharest (1913), Tratatul de la București, peace treaty of 28 July/10 August 1913 ending the Second Balkan War; Bulgaria lost Southern Dobruja to Romania and most of Macedonia to Serbia and Greece.
Treaty of Manila (1946)
Treaty of Manila (1946), formally the Treaty of General Relations, signed July 4, 1946: the United States recognized Philippine independence and relinquished sovereignty; in force October 22, 1946.
Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan (日本国とアメリカ合衆国との間の相互協力及び安全保障条約)
The Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security (Anpo treaty, 日本国とアメリカ合衆国との間の相互協力及び安全保障条約), signed January 19, 1960, is the U.S.-Japan mutual defense treaty with Article V defense commitment, Article VI base rights, and Senkaku coverage.
Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
The Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine, also known as the Treaty of Neuilly, was the 1919 peace treaty the Allies imposed on Bulgaria after World War I, costing it land and reparations.
Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea
The Treaty on Basic Relations between Japan and the Republic of Korea is the 1965 treaty, signed in Tokyo, that established normal diplomatic relations between Japan and South Korea.
United States-Israel FUTURES Act
United States-Israel FUTURES Act of 2026 (S. 3855/H.R. 7540), a bipartisan bill by Budd, Gillibrand, Jackson, and Davis establishing a US-Israel Defense Technology Cooperation Initiative with $150M annual funding; not passed standalone, carried into FY2027 NDAA Sections 219/1217.