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International law

1,303 articles

Treaty of Copenhagen (1660)

Treaty of Copenhagen (Københavnsfreden), 27 May 1660: peace between Denmark-Norway and Sweden ending the Second Karl Gustav War; Bornholm and Trondheim returned, Skånelandene stayed Swedish, border fixed to today.

Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek

Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek (September 27, 1830): the first removal treaty under the Indian Removal Act, by which the Choctaw Nation ceded over 10 million acres in Mississippi and Alabama and moved west; Article 14 let some remain.

Treaty of Doak's Stand

The Treaty of Doak's Stand was an 1820 agreement in which the Choctaw ceded much of their Mississippi land to the United States for land west of the Mississippi.

Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton

Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton (1328): peace agreement ending the First Scottish War of Independence; England under Edward III recognized Robert the Bruce's independent Scotland, arranged the David–Joan marriage, and renounced overlordship.

Treaty of El Pardo (1778)

Treaty of El Pardo (Tratado de El Pardo), 11 March 1778 Spanish-Portuguese treaty of amity, guarantee and commerce ratifying San Ildefonso 1777 and ceding Annobón and Fernando Póo to Spain.

Treaty of Falaise

Treaty of Falaise (1174): agreement imposed by Henry II of England on captive William the Lion of Scotland at Falaise, Normandy; William did homage, castles were garrisoned, annulled 1189 by Quitclaim of Canterbury.

Treaty of Fontainebleau (1762)

Secret preliminary convention signed at Fontainebleau on 3 November 1762, also called the act of cession of Louisiana, by which France ceded Louisiana and New Orleans to Spain; ratified by Charles III and Louis XV, kept secret until the 1763 Peace of Paris.

Treaty of Fontainebleau (1807)

The Treaty of Fontainebleau was a secret Franco-Spanish convention signed on 27 October 1807 authorizing a joint invasion and partition of Portugal, which led to the Peninsular War.

Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851)

The 1851 Treaty of Fort Laramie, or Horse Creek Treaty, signed September 17, 1851 near Fort Laramie, Wyoming, set intertribal peace, trail passage, tribal territories, and $50,000 annual annuities; it was never ratified and largely broken.

Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784)

Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1784), also called the Treaty with the Six Nations, was the first post-Revolutionary War U.S. treaty with an American Indian nation, signed October 22, 1784 at Fort Stanwix, New York, ceding Six Nations claims in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and western New York; the Six Nations never ratified it.

Treaty of Fort Wise

The Treaty of Fort Wise was an 1861 agreement under which the Cheyenne and Arapaho ceded lands from the 1851 Fort Laramie treaty for a much smaller reservation in southeastern Colorado.

Treaty of Gallipoli

The Treaty of Gallipoli was a peace agreement between Ottoman prince Süleyman Çelebi and the Byzantine Empire, concluded at Gallipoli during the Ottoman succession conflict; Byzantium received Thessalonica and other territories.

Treaty of Georgievsk

The Treaty of Georgievsk was a 1783 treaty placing the east Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti under Russian protection, which Russia ended by annexing the kingdom in 1801.

Treaty of Granada (1491)

Treaty of Granada (1491), or Capitulations of Granada, signed 25 November 1491: Boabdil surrendered Granada and the Alhambra to Ferdinand and Isabella with religious, legal, and emigration guarantees for Muslims.

Treaty of Greenville

Treaty of Greenville (August 3, 1795): peace treaty at Fort Greenville, Ohio, between Anthony Wayne and twelve tribes ending the Northwest Indian War after Fallen Timbers; ceded most of Ohio and parts of Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan.

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, signed February 2, 1848, ended the Mexican-American War; Mexico ceded 55% of its territory including California, Nevada, Utah, and New Mexico for $15 million, with Senate ratification March 10, 1848.

Treaty of Guarantee (1960)

Treaty of Guarantee (Cyprus, 1960): multilateral treaty signed at Nicosia by Cyprus, Greece, Turkey, and the UK guaranteeing Cyprus's independence, integrity, and 1960 Constitution; Article IV's unilateral action clause underpinned Turkey's 1974 intervention.

Treaty of Hadiach

Treaty of Hadiach (ugoda hadziacka, Гадяцький договір), signed 16 September 1658 by Hetman Ivan Vyhovsky and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, proposed a Commonwealth of Three Nations with a Grand Duchy of Rus'; ratified in amended form 1659 but never implemented.

Treaty of Hopewell

Treaty of Hopewell: three 1785-1786 treaties at Hopewell, South Carolina, between the United States and the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Chickasaw Nations, covering boundaries, trade, protection, and a Cherokee deputy to Congress.

Treaty of Jeddah (1974)

The Treaty of Jeddah is a 1974 agreement between Saudi Arabia and the UAE settling their land and maritime boundary, signed by King Faisal and Sheikh Zayed.

Treaty of Jeddah (2023)

Treaty of Jeddah (2023), also called the Beijing agreement or Joint Trilateral Statement: the March 10, 2023 China-brokered accord restoring Saudi-Iran diplomatic ties severed in 2016, reopening embassies within two months and reviving the 2001 and 1998 cooperation agreements.

Treaty of Karlowitz

The Treaty of Karlowitz, or Peace of Karlowitz, was a 1699 peace settlement in which the Ottoman Empire ceded Hungary, Transylvania, and other territories to the Holy League.

Treaty of Kars

Treaty of Kars (13 October 1921): friendship treaty between Turkey's Grand National Assembly government and the Soviet republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia, with RSFSR participation; fixed Turkey's northeast borders and Nakhchivan's status, successor to the Moscow Treaty.

Treaty of Kerden

The Treaty of Kerden (Turkish: Kerden Antlaşması) was a 1746 peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and Afsharid Iran under Nader Shah, restoring the 1639 Kasr-ı Şirin border.

Treaty of Kiel

Treaty of Kiel (Freden i Kiel, Kieltraktaten): two peace treaties signed at Kiel on 14 January 1814 ending Denmark's Napoleonic War; Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden but kept Greenland, Iceland and the Faroe Islands.

Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca

Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (Kuchuk Kainardji), Ottoman-Russian peace treaty signed 21 July 1774 ending the 1768-1774 war; 28 articles, Crimean independence, 4.5-million-ruble indemnity, contested protectorate articles.

Treaty of La Pointe

Treaty of La Pointe refers to two US-Ojibwe treaties signed at La Pointe, Wisconsin: the 1842 Copper Treaty ceding southern Lake Superior lands, and the 1854 treaty ceding nearly 2 million acres, creating reservations, and reserving hunting and fishing rights.

Treaty of Lisbon

Treaty of Lisbon (2007, in force 1 December 2009): EU amending treaty, largely from the failed 2004 Constitutional Treaty, giving Parliament co-legislative power, creating the European Council president, High Representative, EEAS, double-majority voting, and Article 50 withdrawal.

Treaty of Livadia (里瓦几亚条约)

The Treaty of Livadia (里瓦几亚条约), also called the Treaty of Ili, was an unratified 1879 Qing–Russian treaty ceding much of the Ili valley to Russia.

Treaty of London

Treaty of London is the name for several agreements signed in London, including the 1604 Anglo-Spanish peace, the 1839 Belgian neutrality treaty, and the 1949 founding of the Council of Europe.