3 articles
Judiciary of France
Judiciary of France: the two-order court system (ordre judiciaire, ordre administratif) with the Cour de cassation, Conseil d'État, and Tribunal des conflits, its revolutionary origins, principles, and CEPEJ resource comparisons.
Judiciary of Germany
Judiciary of Germany: the five-branch court system (Ordinary, Administrative, Finance, Labor, Social Courts) with federal apex courts, plus the separate Federal Constitutional Court in Karlsruhe, under the 1949 Basic Law.
Judiciary of Russia
Judiciary of Russia: the court system of the Russian Federation, also called the Russian judicial system, comprising the Constitutional Court, the unified Supreme Court, courts of general jurisdiction, arbitrazh commercial courts, and justices of the peace.