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Law and justice

9,901 articles

Gordon Todd Skinner

Gordon Todd Skinner (born 1964) is an Oklahoma felon convicted of the 2003 kidnapping and assault of Brandon Green in Tulsa, sentenced to life plus 90 years, and a key federal witness in the Pickard LSD case.

Gordon v Goertz

Gordon v Goertz, [1996] 2 SCR 27, is the leading Supreme Court of Canada relocation case: material change threshold, then a fresh best-interests inquiry with no custodial-parent presumption, later modified by statute and Barendregt.

Goulburn Correctional Centre

Goulburn Correctional Centre, also called Goulburn Gaol, is a maximum/minimum security male prison in Goulburn, NSW, operating since 1884 and sharing the Goulburn Correctional Complex with the High Risk Management Correctional Centre, Australia's first supermax (2001).

Governing law of arbitration agreements

The governing law of an arbitration agreement is the national law that decides its validity, formation, and waiver, distinct from both the main contract and the law of the seat.

Government of India Act 1935

Government of India Act 1935: British statute assented 2 August 1935, proposing an All-India Federation with provincial autonomy and reserved central powers; federation never formed, but the Act shaped India's and Pakistan's constitutions.

Government of Ireland Act 1914

Government of Ireland Act 1914, the third Home Rule Act: UK statute granting Ireland a devolved bicameral parliament, given Royal Assent 18 September 1914, suspended by the Suspensory Act, never in force, repealed by the 1920 Act.

Govind Ballabh Pant (गोविंद बल्लभ पंत)

Govind Ballabh Pant (गोविंद बल्लभ पंत, 1887–1961), Congress leader and freedom fighter, first Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh (1950–54) and Union Home Minister (1955–61), Bharat Ratna 1957, architect of zamindari abolition.

Grace Marks

Grace Marks (July 1827 – after 1872), Irish-born Canadian servant convicted in 1843 of the Kinnear–Montgomery murders at Richmond Hill; sentenced to death, commuted to life; pardoned 1872; basis of Atwood's Alias Grace.

Graham C. Mullen

Graham C. Mullen, born 1940, is a retired United States district judge for the Western District of North Carolina who served as chief judge from 1998 to 2005.

Graham v. Connor

Graham v. Connor, 490 U.S. 386 (1989), the Supreme Court case holding that police excessive force during arrest or stop is judged by the Fourth Amendment's objective reasonableness standard, not officer intent.

Graham Young

Graham Young (1947–1990), the English "Teacup Poisoner", killed three people with thallium and poisoned about 13, was detained in Broadmoor at 14, released in 1971, and convicted at St Albans in 1972.

Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008

The Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008 (ग्राम न्‍यायालय अधिनियम) is an Indian law under which mobile village-level courts called Gram Nyayalayas are established, in force from 2 October 2009.

Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act

Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act (Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999), P.L. 106-102; repealed Glass-Steagall Sections 20 and 32, created financial holding companies, and added Title V privacy and Safeguards Rule requirements.

Grand juries in the United States

Grand juries in the United States are citizen bodies, 16 to 23 members federally, that decide probable cause for criminal charges by indictment under the Fifth Amendment; secret proceedings, not incorporated against the states.

Grand jury

Grand jury: citizen panel (16–23 members in US federal court, 12 votes to indict) that hears prosecutor evidence and issues felony indictments; Fifth Amendment federal requirement, states exempt; secret proceedings rooted in 12th-century English law.

Grand Mufti

The grand mufti is the highest-ranking mufti in a given country or territory, issuing Islamic legal opinions, or fatwas, supervising religious institutions, and counseling the government.

Grandfather clause

Grandfather clause: a legal exemption letting pre-existing activity continue under old rules after a change. Originated in post-Civil War Southern voting laws exempting descendants of pre-1867 voters; struck down by Guinn v. United States (1915); now common in zoning and regulation.

Grandparent visitation in the United States

Grandparent visitation in the United States is the body of state law under which a grandparent may ask a court to order contact with a child over a parent's objection.

Grant Amato

Grant Amato, American former nurse convicted in 2019 of murdering his parents and brother in Chuluota, Florida after spending about $200,000 on a Bulgarian cam model; sentenced to life without parole, appeal affirmed 2021.

Grant Hardin

Grant Hardin, former Gateway, Arkansas police chief, convicted of 2017 murder and 1997 rape, escaped Calico Rock prison May 25, 2025 disguised as a guard and was recaptured June 6 after a 13-day Ozark manhunt.

Grant of probate

A grant of probate is an official document issued by a probate registry giving an executor the legal right to deal with a deceased person's estate.

Grant v Australian Knitting Mills

Grant v Australian Knitting Mills [1935] UKPC 2, also 54 CLR 49, a Privy Council case: Adelaide doctor Grant won £2,450 for sulphite-caused dermatitis from underwear, holding the retailer liable under the Sale of Goods Act and the manufacturer liable in tort under Donoghue v Stevenson.

Grant v Torstar Corp

Grant v Torstar Corp, 2009 SCC 61, [2009] 3 SCR 640, is the Supreme Court of Canada decision establishing the defamation defence of responsible communication on a matter of public interest, requiring public-interest subject matter and diligent verification, broader than the UK Reynolds defence.

Gray H. Miller

Gray H. Miller, also known as Gray Hampton Miller, is an American jurist who served as a United States district judge in Texas from 2006 to 2025.

Gray's Inn

Gray's Inn, formally the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, is the smallest of the four London Inns of Court, which alone may call barristers to the Bar of England and Wales.

Grazing leases on state and communal land in Namibia and South Africa

Grazing leases on state and communal land in Namibia and South Africa are the leasehold and permit regimes authorizing livestock grazing on state-trust and communal land.

Great Canadian Maple Syrup Heist

The Great Canadian Maple Syrup Heist: 2011-2012 theft of ~3,000 tonnes ($18.7M CAD) of maple syrup from Quebec's FPAQ strategic reserve, ringleader Richard Vallières, C$9M fine upheld by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2022.

Great Lakes Insurance SE v. Raiders Retreat Realty Co., LLC

Great Lakes Insurance SE v. Raiders Retreat Realty Co., LLC, 601 U.S. 65 (2024): unanimous Supreme Court admiralty ruling holding choice-of-law provisions in maritime contracts presumptively enforceable, with narrow exceptions, reversing the Third Circuit.

Great Law of Peace

The Great Law of Peace, known in Mohawk as Kaianere'kó:wa, is the oral constitution of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, transmitted in wampum belts and credited to the Peacemaker and Hiawatha.

Great Māhele

The Great Māhele was the 1848 division of the lands of the Kingdom of Hawaii under King Kamehameha III, which introduced private property and opened land to foreign ownership.