9,901 articles
Most favoured nation
Most favoured nation (MFN) is a trade law principle requiring a state to extend to all trading partners any advantage it grants to one, a cornerstone of the WTO.
Moti Tikaram
Sir Moti Tikaram (1925-2012), Fijian judge born in Lami: first local Supreme Court judge (1967), Fiji's first ombudsman (1972-1987), later President of the Fiji Court of Appeal and KBE.
Motor vehicle theft
Motor vehicle theft, also called car theft or auto theft, is the theft or attempted theft of a self-propelled land vehicle. Covers US definition, Dyer Act of 1919, immobilizer-driven declines, and 2025 US thefts of 659,880.
Motu proprio
A motu proprio, Latin for "of one's own initiative," is a papal document issued at the pope's own impulse with real legal force, used to amend canon law or restructure Vatican governance.
Moving violation
Moving violation: a traffic law breach committed by a driver while the vehicle is moving, also called a moving traffic offense. Distinguished from parking, equipment, and paperwork violations; typically strict liability; carries license points, fines, insurance effects, and possible disqualification.
Mr Cruel
Mr Cruel is an unidentified man who attacked girls in Melbourne homes in the late 1980s and is the chief suspect in Karmein Chan's 1991 murder.
MRR v GR
MRR v GR [2010] HCA 4 (also cited as 240 CLR 461) is a High Court of Australia family law decision holding that section 65DAA of the Family Law Act requires shared parenting orders to be both in the child's best interests and reasonably practicable.
MS-13
MS-13 (Mara Salvatrucha) is a violent street gang founded in 1980s Los Angeles by Salvadoran civil war refugees, spread to Central America by US deportations, structured in cliques, and designated a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the US in 2025.
Mug shot
Mug shot (mugshot): police booking photograph of an arrested person, frontal and profile. Origins 1841-1843; Bertillon system; FOIA privacy rulings; state removal laws; facial recognition use.
Mug shot of Donald Trump
Booking photograph of Donald Trump, inmate P01135809, taken August 24, 2023 at Fulton County Jail, Atlanta, on 13 Georgia election-subversion felony counts; first mug shot of a US president, released within an hour.
Mugging
Mugging: informal term for robbery, the theft from a person using force or threat of force, typically street robbery. Not a legal offence in English law; entered British usage after the 1972 Arthur Hills killing and analyzed by Hall et al. as a moral panic.
Muhammad Abdul Aziz
Muhammad Abdul Aziz, born Norman 3X Butler, is an American man wrongfully convicted in 1966 of the murder of Malcolm X and exonerated on November 19, 2021.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (محمد علی جناح)
Muhammad Ali Jinnah (محمد علی جناح), Quaid-e-Azam, 1876–1948, lawyer and Muslim League leader who founded Pakistan in 1947; his role in Partition remains historiographically contested between Jalal, Hayat, and others.
Muhammad Syarifuddin
Muhammad Syarifuddin (born 1954) is an Indonesian jurist, 14th Chief Justice of the Indonesian Supreme Court 2020–2024, earlier Deputy Chief Justice for Judicial Affairs; succeeded by Sunarto.
Muir v Glasgow Corp
Muir v Glasgow Corporation (Glasgow Corp v Muir), [1943] AC 448, a House of Lords negligence case from a 1940 tea-urn scalding in King's Park, Glasgow, established the objective reasonable-foreseeability standard of care in Scots delict and English tort.
Mukhtar Ansari
Mukhtar Ansari (Mokhtar), UP gangster-turned-politician from Ghazipur; five-term Mau Sadar MLA, Quami Ekta Dal founder, brother of MP Afzal Ansari, grandson of Congress president Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari; died 28 March 2024 in Banda jail of cardiac arrest.
Mule (smuggling)
A mule, commonly called a drug mule, is a person paid, coerced, or deceived into carrying drugs across an international border, often by swallowing sealed packets, typically cocaine or heroin.
Mule Creek State Prison
Mule Creek State Prison (MCSP) is a California men's prison in Ione, Amador County, opened June 1987 on 866 acres. A Level I-IV CDCR facility, it exclusively housed sensitive needs inmates as of 2014, with design capacity 3,284 and Facilities D and E added in 2016.
Mulford Act
The Mulford Act is a 1967 California law, sponsored by Assemblyman Don Mulford, that banned publicly carrying loaded firearms without a license in response to Black Panther patrols.
Mulholland Falls
Mulholland Falls is a 1996 American neo-noir crime drama directed by Lee Tamahori, starring Nick Nolte as an LA detective whose murder case leads to the Atomic Energy Commission.
Multilateral Convention to Implement Tax Treaty Related Measures to Prevent Base Erosion and Profit Shifting
The Multilateral Instrument (BEPS MLI, OECD/LEGAL/0432) is a multilateral tax treaty adopted 24 November 2016 under OECD/G20 BEPS Action 15, in force 1 July 2018, that modifies existing bilateral tax treaties to counter treaty abuse and improve dispute resolution.
Multilateral treaty
A multilateral treaty is a written international agreement between more than two states, governed by international law and defined in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties.
Multimodal transport
Multimodal transport is the carriage of goods or passengers using two or more transport modes, such as sea, road, rail, or air, under a single contract.
Multiple citizenship
Multiple citizenship, also called dual or plural nationality, is holding two or more citizenships at once. Arises by birth (jus soli, jus sanguinis) or naturalization; increasingly accepted worldwide, with obligations like taxes, military service, and limited consular protection.
Mumia Abu-Jamal
Mumia Abu-Jamal (Wesley Cook, 1954) is an American journalist and Black Panther activist convicted in 1982 of murdering Philadelphia officer Daniel Faulkner; death sentence became life without parole in 2012 after appeals and Amnesty International criticism.
Mungyeong crucifixion case
The Mungyeong crucifixion case (문경 십자가 사건): on May 1, 2011, 58-year-old former taxi driver Kim Jun-bong was found nailed to a cross with a crown of thorns in an abandoned quarry; South Korean authorities ruled it a self-planned suicide with no outside help.
Munich Agreement
Munich Agreement (Münchener Abkommen), Munich Pact: settlement signed 29 September 1938 by Germany, Britain, France, and Italy ceding Czechoslovakia's Sudetenland to Germany; broken by Hitler's occupation of Czechoslovakia on 15 March 1939.
Murdaugh family
Murdaugh family: South Carolina Lowcountry legal dynasty holding the 14th Circuit solicitorship 1920 to 2005 and a law firm founded in 1910; undone by Alex Murdaugh's 2021 murders of Maggie and Paul, fraud convictions, and a 2026 overturned verdict.
Murder
Murder is the unlawful killing of a person with malice aforethought, a category of homicide distinct from manslaughter. Covers common law definitions, degrees of murder, and global intentional homicide statistics.
Murder of Aaron Howard
Murder of Aaron Howard: 2018 fatal shooting of Aaron Kristopher Howard, 37, of Abilene, Texas, by neighbors Johnnie and Michael Miller over a trash and mattress dispute; 2023 split verdict, conviction affirmed 2025.