177 articles
Orange Order
Orange Order (Loyal Orange Institution): Protestant fraternal and parading organization founded after the Battle of the Diamond, 21 September 1795, County Armagh; named for William of Orange; Protestant-only membership; famous for Twelfth of July parades and the Drumcree dispute.
Order of the Eastern Star
Order of the Eastern Star, also called OES, is a Masonic-affiliated fraternal organization for Master Masons and their female relatives, founded in 1850 by Rob Morris, with the General Grand Chapter formed in 1876.
Order of the New Templars
Order of the New Templars (Ordo Novi Templi, ONT, Neutempler-Orden): occult-Ariosophic order founded around 1900 by Lanz von Liebenfels, promoting Aryan racial ideology under Templar symbolism; banned by the Nazis.
Organization
Organization: a social entity with differentiated roles and coordinated activities toward common objectives (formal and informal). Covers Weber's bureaucracy, comparative analysis, organizational design models, new organizational forms, and AI-driven organizational change.
Page Six
Page Six is the New York Post's celebrity gossip column, launched January 3, 1977 under Rupert Murdoch and James Brady as the first staff-written gossip section. Known for blind items, tipster networks, the 2006 Stern-Burkle scandal, and the PageSix.com brand.
Pathfinders (Seventh-day Adventist)
Pathfinders is the Seventh-day Adventist Church's youth club program for ages 10-15, official since 1950, with six classes, about 350 honors, two million members in 160+ countries, and international camporees.
Patrick Gower
Patrick (Paddy) Gower, New Zealand journalist and TV presenter, former Newshub political editor, creator of the Patrick Gower: On… documentaries, host of Paddy Gower Has Issues, now with Stuff and author of This Is The F#$%ing News (2024).
Patriotic Women's Association
The Patriotic Women's Association (Aikoku Fujinkai) was a Japanese women's organization founded by Okumura Ioko in 1901 to aid families of soldiers killed or disabled in war.
Phi Kappa Theta (ΦΚΘ)
Phi Kappa Theta (ΦΚΘ) is an American social fraternity formed April 29, 1959 by merging Phi Kappa (Brown, 1889) and Theta Kappa Phi (Lehigh, 1919), once Catholic-only, motto "Give, Expecting Nothing Thereof."
Pioneer Fund
Pioneer Fund is a US seed-stage venture capital firm founded in 2017 by Jason Gray, funded by 540+ Y Combinator alumni and investing mainly in YC startups; distinct from the 1928 Carret mutual fund, the 1937 eugenics foundation, and the Pioneer.app accelerator.
Plast
Plast (Пласт), formally the Plast National Scout Organization of Ukraine, is a scouting organization founded in Lviv in 1911, banned in Soviet Ukraine in 1924, and re-established there in 1991.
Playboy Club
Playboy Club: members-only nightclub chain launched in Chicago on February 29, 1960 by Hugh Hefner and Victor Lownes, keyed admission, Bunny waitresses, over 30 clubs at peak, last original club closed 1991.
Polish Scouting and Guiding Association
The Polish Scouting and Guiding Association (Polish: Związek Harcerstwa Polskiego, ZHP) is Poland's largest scouting and guiding organization, a co-educational youth movement founded in 1918.
Poorhouse
Poorhouse (workhouse, almshouse) is a tax-funded public institution housing the destitute old, sick, and disabled. Distinguished by indoor relief, English parish workhouses under the 1601-1834 Old Poor Law, the 1834 union workhouses, and American county poorhouses.
Prince Hall Freemasonry
Prince Hall Freemasonry, also known as Prince Hall Masonry, is the predominantly African American branch of Freemasonry, begun in Boston in 1775 by Prince Hall and fourteen other free Black men.
Priory of Sion
Priory of Sion (Prieuré de Sion): association founded 7 May 1956 in Annemasse, France, by Pierre Plantard and three others; later given a fictitious medieval history through forged Dossiers Secrets, inspiring Holy Blood, Holy Grail and The Da Vinci Code.
Profession
Profession: an occupation distinguished from ordinary work by specialized knowledge, controlled training, and self-regulation. Central concept of the sociology of professions, studied through functionalist, interactionist, and conflict approaches since Durkheim and Weber.
Public housing
Public housing: the US federal low-rent housing program created by the 1937 Housing Act, locally run by public housing authorities under HUD, with about 1.2 million units, 30%-of-income rents, and no new development since 1998.
Rada Główna Opiekuńcza
Rada Główna Opiekuńcza (RGO, Central Welfare Council) was the largest Polish social self-help organization of World War I, aiding war victims in German-occupied Poland from 1916 to 1921.
Rainforest Alliance
Rainforest Alliance: international nonprofit (founded 1986 by Daniel Katz) running the green-frog sustainable agriculture certification for coffee, cocoa, tea, and bananas in 60+ countries; merged with UTZ in 2018; standard v1.4 applies from October 2025.
Ramon Magsaysay Award
The Ramon Magsaysay Award, often called Asia's Nobel Prize, honors selfless service in Asia. It was created in 1957 in memory of the Philippine president.
Ranks in Scouts BSA
Ranks in Scouts BSA: the seven sequential ranks Scout, Tenderfoot, Second Class, First Class, Star, Life, and Eagle Scout of Scouting America's Scouts BSA program, covering requirements, boards of review, the Eagle project, and 2024 statistics.
Reform Club
The Reform Club is a private members' club at 104 Pall Mall, London, founded in 1836 by Radicals and Whigs after the Great Reform Act; Charles Barry built its 1841 Italian Renaissance clubhouse, and Jules Verne set Phileas Fogg's wager there.
Retirement home
Retirement home, also called senior living or old age home, is residential housing for older adults with services from independent living through assisted living to nursing care; shaped by the 1935 Social Security Act, 1965 Medicare/Medicaid, and 1987 reform law.
Rose Hawthorne Lathrop
Rose Hawthorne Lathrop (Mother Mary Alphonsa, 1851–1926), daughter of Nathaniel Hawthorne, founded the Servants of Relief for Incurable Cancer and Rosary Hill Home (1901), the first US hospice; declared Venerable in 2024.
Rotary International
Rotary International, founded 23 February 1905 in Chicago by Paul P. Harris, is the global association of about 45,000 Rotary service clubs. Known for Service Above Self and its US$2.9 billion polio eradication effort, it comprises clubs, Rotary International, and The Rotary Foundation.
Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes
Royal Antediluvian Order of Buffaloes (RAOB, the Buffs): British male fraternal and charitable order founded 1822 at the Harp Tavern near Drury Lane by Joseph Lisle and W. Sinnett; named from the song "We'll chase the Buffalo", never royally chartered, with lodges across the Commonwealth.
Saiseikai
Saiseikai (済生会), formally the Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, is a Japanese social welfare corporation founded by Emperor Meiji in 1911 to bring medical care to the poor.
Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Bahia
Santa Casa da Misericórdia da Bahia is a lay Catholic brotherhood in Salvador, Brazil, founded in 1549, that runs the Hospital da Caridade, among Brazil's oldest charities.
Save the Children
Save the Children, also called the Save the Children Fund, is an international charity founded in London in 1919 that protects children in more than 100 countries.