48 articles
Missouria
The Missouria (Niutachi, People of the River's Mouth) were a Chiwere Siouan tribe of the Missouri River valley who gave Missouri its name, allied with France under Bourgmont, and merged with the Otoe after smallpox and war.
Muckleshoot
The Muckleshoot (bəqəlšuł) are a federally recognized Washington tribe of Duwamish and Upper Puyallup descent, holding rights under the 1854 Medicine Creek and 1855 Point Elliott treaties, with an 1857 reservation near Auburn and the 1974 Boldt fishing-rights ruling.
Munda people
Munda people: an Adivasi (tribal) people of eastern India, chiefly Jharkhand, Odisha and West Bengal, speaking Munda languages of the Austroasiatic family; about 11 million Munda speakers, associated with Birsa Munda and the 1908 protective tenancy law.
National Commission for Scheduled Tribes
National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST), India's constitutional body under Article 338A, set up 19 February 2004; monitors safeguards for Scheduled Tribes, inquires into complaints, and reports annually to the President.
Ngāpuhi
Ngāpuhi is New Zealand's largest Māori iwi, based in Northland (Te Tai Tokerau) from Hokianga to the Bay of Islands. Descended from Rāhiri; signed He Whakaputanga 1835 and Te Tiriti 1840; fought the Crown in the 1845–46 Northern War.
Ngāti Kahungunu
Ngāti Kahungunu, a Māori iwi of New Zealand's east coast from Māhia Peninsula to Cape Palliser, descends from Kahungunu of the Tākitimu canoe; third-largest iwi, 95,751 affiliates at the 2023 Census, governed by Ngāti Kahungunu Iwi Incorporated.
Ngāti Porou
Ngāti Porou is a Māori iwi on New Zealand's East Coast. Its governance entity, Te Rūnanganui o Ngāti Porou, negotiated a $110 million Treaty settlement in 2010.
Ngāti Toa
Ngāti Toa (Ngāti Toarangatira), a Tainui-descended Māori iwi from Kāwhia, migrated south under Te Rauparaha in the 1820s, dominated the Cook Strait region from Kāpiti Island, and settled with the Crown in 2014.
Niantic people
The Niantic (Nehantic) were an Algonquian-speaking Native American people of eastern Connecticut and western Rhode Island, split into Eastern and Western divisions by Pequot expansion and devastated in the Pequot and King Philip's wars.
Pashtun tribes
Pashtun tribes (khel) are patrilineal descent groups of the Pashtun people in Afghanistan and Pakistan, nested as zai lineages, aziiz clans, and confederations such as the Durrani and Ghilzai, governed by pashtunwali and marked by egalitarian, segmentary organization.
Santal people
Santal people (Santhal, self-designation Hor): Austroasiatic-speaking Adivasi community of eastern India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. Munda-language Santali in Ol Chiki script (1925); 1855 Santal Hul rebellion led by Sido and Kanhu Murmu; Scheduled Tribe in India.
Sentinelese
Sentinelese: uncontacted Indigenous people of North Sentinel Island, Andaman and Nicobar, India; hunter-gatherers of about 50-150 people who reject all contact; protected by the 1956 PAT Regulation and a 5-km exclusion zone.
Tribal chief
Tribal chief: leader of a tribal or customary community, holding inherited or elected authority. Also called traditional leader or customary chief; in US tribal governments the chief executive is usually an elected chairman, president, or principal chief.
Tribalism
Tribalism: strong loyalty to one's own tribe or social group, also the tendency to treat one's group as "us" and others as "them". Studied via social identity theory; scholars since Vail (1989) and Mafeje treat tribalism as partly a colonial construct, and "tribe" is discredited in anthropology.
Tribe
Tribe: an anthropological category for kinship-based, non-state social groups, derived from the Roman tribus and standardized during colonial rule. Largely abandoned as an analytical term since Fried's and Southall's critiques; now survives in legal uses such as ILO Convention No. 169 and federally recognized Native American tribes.
Tribes of Arabia
Tribes of Arabia (qabīla, قبيلة): Arabian tribal groups defined by descent from Adnan or Qahtan, their segmentary structure, classical genealogies, major confederations, and role in modern Gulf states.
Tribes of Yemen
Tribes of Yemen: kinship-based social and political units organized in confederations, chiefly Hashid, Bakil, Madhaj, Himyar, and Kinda. Governed by sheikhs and customary law (urf), strongest in the northern highlands, and central to Yemeni state-building, mediation, and the current war.
Yusufzai
Yusufzai (Yousafzai, Yusafzai), a large Pashtun tribe originally from the Kandahar-Kabul area that settled the Peshawar valley and Swat, known for the Wesh land-redistribution system, resistance to the Mughals, and the Yusufzai State of Swat.