2,407 articles
Make-A-Wish Foundation
Make-A-Wish Foundation, founded 1980 in Phoenix after Chris Greicius' police-officer wish, is a nonprofit granting wishes to children with critical illnesses; over 650,000 wishes granted in nearly 50 countries, distinct from other wish charities.
Makua people
Makua (Makhuwa, Macua, Emakhuwa): Bantu-speaking people of northern Mozambique with communities in Tanzania and Malawi; speakers of Emakhuwa (zone P.30), matrilineal descent, Mount Namuli origin tradition.
Malawian labour migration to South Africa
Malawian labor migration to South Africa began with the Kimberley and Witwatersrand mines in the late nineteenth century, peaked at 80,000 miners in 1970, and is now informal.
Malay race
Malay race (bangsa Melayu): a state population category in Malaysia and Singapore, one of the Malay-Chinese-Indian-Others groups inherited from British colonial censuses, legally and administratively tied to Bumiputera status and Malay identity.
Malays (أورڠ ملايو) (ethnic group)
Malays (Orang Melayu) are an Austronesian ethnic group of maritime Southeast Asia defined by Malay language, Islam, and adat custom; Malaysia's constitution fixes these criteria legally, and Malays form 58.4% of Malaysian citizens (2026) and 67.4% of Brunei's 2021 population.
Malaysian Chinese (马来西亚华人)
Malaysian Chinese (马来西亚华人) are Malaysians of Chinese descent, about 6.9 million or 22.6% of the population in 2023, descended from late-19th/early-20th-century migration from southern China, with a distinct Chinese school system, New Villages history, and Mahua diaspora literature.
Malaysian diaspora
Malaysian diaspora: the 1.86 million Malaysians living abroad, concentrated in Singapore (1.13 million in 2022), ethnically skewed toward Chinese Malaysians, marked by brain drain and lacking a formal engagement policy.
Malaysian Indians
Malaysian Indians: citizens of Indian descent, about 2.2 million or 6.5% of Malaysia's population, descended mainly from Tamil colonial plantation labour, with distinct socioeconomic standing, targeted programs like MITRA, and multi-party political importance.
Malaysians
Malaysians are the people of Malaysia, officially classified as Bumiputera (70.5% of citizens in 2025), Chinese (22.2%), Indian (6.5%), and Others, a plural society shaped by British colonial-era migration of Chinese and Indian laborers.
Malian migration to France
Malian migration to France is a labor migration from the Kayes region begun by Soninke men in the 1950s, shifting from circular migration to settlement after 1974.
Malian refugee crisis
The Malian refugee crisis is the displacement of Malians that began in January 2012 with fighting between the government and Tuareg rebels in northern Mali.
Malietoa Moli
Malietoa Moli was a Samoan high chief who held the paramount Malietoa title until his death in 1860, after which a disputed succession divided Samoa.
Maltese people
The Maltese people (Maltin) are the nation native to Malta, Gozo, and Comino, speaking Maltese, a Semitic Latin-script language. Genetically closest to Sicilians, with the largest diaspora in Australia (234,402 claiming Maltese ancestry, 2021).
Malthusianism
Malthusianism, from Thomas Robert Malthus's 1798 Essay on the Principle of Population, holds that population grows geometrically while food grows arithmetically, checked by positive checks (famine, war, disease) and preventive checks, tested empirically and countered by Boserup.
Man of the Hole
The Man of the Hole (Tanaru) was the last surviving member of an uncontacted Indigenous people in Rondônia, Brazil. Monitored by Funai from 1996, he lived alone in the roughly 8,070-hectare Tanaru Indigenous territory, dug deep pits for trapping and hiding, repelled contact attempts in 1996 and 2007, and was found dead in August 2022 at about age 60.
Manap
Manap was the title of the head of a tribe, clan, or aul among the northern Kyrgyz tribes, holding the right to judge and lead raids.
Manchu people
The Manchu people, also known as the Manchus, are an East Asian ethnic group from northeast China who founded and ruled the Qing dynasty from 1644 to 1912.
Mandaeans
Mandaeans (Sabian-Mandaeans, Arabic Ṣubba) are a Gnostic ethno-religious minority of Iraq and Iran, about 60,000 worldwide, speaking Mandaic Aramaic, practicing river baptism, venerating John the Baptist, and centered on the Ginza Rabba scripture.
Mandal Commission
The Mandal Commission, formally the Second Backward Classes Commission, was set up on 1 January 1979 under Article 340, chaired by B.P. Mandal. Its 1980 report identified 3,743 OBC castes (52% of population) and recommended 27% reservation in central government jobs, implemented in 1990 and upheld in Indra Sawhney (1992).
Mandan
Mandan: upper Missouri River people of earth-lodge farming villages in North Dakota, now one of the Three Affiliated Tribes (MHA Nation) on the Fort Berthold Reservation; nearly destroyed by the 1781 and 1837 smallpox epidemics.
Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation
The Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes or MHA Nation, is a federally recognized tribal nation sharing the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in central North Dakota.
Mandinka people
The Mandinka, also called the Malinke, are a West African people of the Mande group living mainly in the Gambia, Senegal, Mali, and Guinea, and descended from the Mali Empire.
Mansi people
The Mansi people, formerly called Voguls, are an indigenous group of western Siberia in Russia. They live in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and traditionally practice hunting and fishing.
Manufacturing Consent
Manufacturing Consent: The Political Economy of the Mass Media, Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky (Pantheon, 1988), argues US media serve elite interests via five structural filters: ownership, advertising, sourcing, flak, anticommunism.
Manx people
Manx people are the inhabitants of the Isle of Man, a Crown dependency in the Irish Sea; "Manx" also names their Goidelic Gaelic language. Of Scandio-Celtic origin, they lost their last native speaker in 1974, and about 2,200 revived-language speakers remain.
Māori people
Māori are the indigenous Polynesian people of New Zealand (tangata whenua); ancestors arrived by canoe before 1300 CE, signed the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi, and numbered 978,246, 19.6% of the population, in the 2023 Census.
Mapuche
Mapuche, "people of the earth" in mapuzugun, are the largest indigenous people of Chile and Argentina, centered in Araucanía, known for resisting Inca, Spanish, and Chilean conquest until the 1880s Pacification of Araucanía.
Maranao people
The Maranao (Meranao) are the largest Islamic ethnolinguistic group of the Philippines, living around Lake Lanao in Lanao del Sur, Mindanao; known for the torogan royal house, okir carving, malong weaving, and kolintang gong music.
Maratha (caste)
Maratha (caste): dominant caste cluster of Maharashtra formed from Kunbi, Lohar, Sutar, Bhandari, Thakar, and Dhangar families via Deccan military service from the 14th century; linked to Shivaji's empire and Maharashtra's reservation politics.
Marathi people
Marathi people (मराठी लोक) are Marathi-language speakers of Maharashtra, India; 83 million speakers (2011), homeland state formed 1960, Maratha Empire under Shivaji from 1674, Marathi made a Classical Language in 2024.