930 articles
Protests against Donald Trump
Protests against Donald Trump: mass demonstrations during his 2017-2021 and post-2025 presidencies. Largest sustained US protest movement; Women's March, Hands Off, and No Kings days; overwhelmingly nonviolent.
Protests of 1968
Protests of 1968, the global wave of student, worker, and civil rights unrest spanning Paris, Prague, Mexico City, Chicago, and beyond; May 1968 French general strike, Prague Spring, Tlatelolco massacre, and Chicago DNC protests.
Psychological abuse
Psychological abuse, also called emotional abuse, is repeated nonphysical mistreatment causing mental harm, via intimidation, humiliation, isolation, gaslighting, and control; definition, measurement, coercive control, and criminalization remain contested.
Qandeel Baloch
Qandeel Baloch (Fauzia Azeem), Pakistani social media celebrity murdered by her brother Waseem in Multan in July 2016 in an honor killing; her death prompted Pakistan's 2016 anti-honor-killing law, his 2019 life sentence, and 2022 acquittal.
QAnon
QAnon, also called the Q conspiracy, is a far-right conspiracy movement begun by anonymous "Q" posts on 4chan in October 2017, claiming a Satanic pedophile cabal that Trump fights, linked to Pizzagate, violence, and the GOP.
Qubilah Shabazz
Qubilah Shabazz (born 1960), second daughter of Malcolm X and Betty Shabazz, was indicted in 1995 for plotting to kill Louis Farrakhan via FBI informant Michael Fitzpatrick; charges were settled without trial in 1995.
Race and sports
Race and sports, also known as race in sports, is a field of study examining how racial categories and racism shape athletic participation, performance, and organization, a critical sociology that developed from the 1990s.
Rachael Denhollander
Rachael Denhollander, American attorney, author, and advocate, first woman to publicly accuse USA Gymnastics doctor Larry Nassar in 2016; author of What Is a Girl Worth?; delivered final sentencing statement.
Rachel Corrie
Rachel Aliene Corrie (1979–2003) was an American peace activist from Olympia, Washington, crushed by an Israeli military bulldozer in Rafah, Gaza, while protecting a Palestinian home from demolition.
Rachel Dolezal
Rachel Dolezal, later Nkechi Diallo, is an American activist who led the Spokane NAACP chapter until June 2015, when her parents said she was white; she resigned and said she identifies as black.
Rachel Goldberg-Polin
Rachel Goldberg-Polin, American-Israeli educator and activist, mother of Hersh Goldberg-Polin, taken October 7, 2023 from the Nova festival and murdered in Gaza in August 2024; TIME100 2024, Lantos Prize 2025, memoir When We See You Again.
Racial discrimination
Racial discrimination is unfavorable treatment based on race, color, or associated characteristics. Covered by the 1964 Civil Rights Act and 1965 CERD; measured by field experiments; recent US enforcement has shifted toward intentional discrimination only.
Racial hygiene
Racial hygiene (Rassenhygiene), coined by Alfred Ploetz in 1895 alongside Galton's eugenics, was a movement to improve population heredity via positive and negative selection; it shaped US, Scandinavian, and Nazi sterilization laws, producing 400,000 German sterilizations.
Racial integration
Racial integration: ending racial segregation and incorporating racial or ethnic groups into shared institutions. Covers Brown v. Board (1954), US school desegregation trends, integration vs assimilation, European integration policy, and outcome measurement.
Racial segregation
Racial segregation is the enforced separation of racial groups in housing, schools, and public life; in the US it spanned Jim Crow law (Plessy 1896, Brown 1954), FHA redlining, and persistent residential and school segregation measured by indices such as the dissimilarity index.
Racial views of Donald Trump
Racial views of Donald Trump: decades of statements, lawsuits, and policies, from the 1973 housing suit and Central Park Five ads to birtherism, the 2016 campaign, and second-term disparate-impact rollbacks, with his denials.
Racial views of Winston Churchill
Churchill's documented racial views: 1937 'higher-grade race' testimony, 1919 gas memo, Bengal famine debate, 1954 immigration cabinet, and the historiographical dispute over whether he was typical or exceptional.
Racism
Racism: unequal treatment based on race, from individual prejudice to institutional and structural forms; no scientific basis for racial hierarchy; studied via five quantitative traditions and monitored by UN, UNESCO, and national surveys.
Racism against Native Americans in the United States
Racism against Native Americans in the United States: interpersonal, structural, and representational discrimination against Native peoples, including boarding schools, jurisdictional gaps, survey-documented discrimination, and stereotyping in sports and media.
Racism in Australia
Racism in Australia spans terra nullius, the White Australia policy (Immigration Restriction Act 1901 to Migration Act 1973), the Stolen Generations, the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 and 1995 vilification provisions, and Scanlon survey findings on discrimination and social cohesion.
Racism in Europe
Racism in Europe: belief in group superiority or contempt based on race, colour, religion or origin, per ECRI's definition. Covers historical scientific racism, EU Racial Equality Directive, anti-racism action plan 2020-2025 and 2026-2030 strategy, FRA survey prevalence data, and equality data gaps.
Racism in Russia
Racism in Russia: racialization and discrimination against Central Asian migrants, Roma, Caucasus peoples, and Africans, rooted in Soviet-era ethnicity politics and intensified by post-2024 anti-migrant laws and hate violence.
Racism in South Africa
Racism in South Africa, rooted in colonial segregation and apartheid (1948–1994), persists in schools, labour markets, and wealth distribution despite the 1994 constitution, SAHRC complaints data, employment equity disputes, and xenophobia and US-refugee controversies.
Racism in the United Kingdom
Racism in the United Kingdom: prejudice and discrimination by race or ethnicity, shaped by postwar Commonwealth migration. Key facts: Race Relations Act 1965, Equality Act 2010, 98,799 race hate crimes (YE March 2024), Black people stopped and searched at 4.1 times the White rate.
Racism in the United States
Racism in the United States, also called systemic or structural racism, is the system of beliefs, laws, and institutional practices producing racial inequality, rooted in slavery and Jim Crow and measurable today in wealth, health, policing, and education gaps.
Rag-and-bone man
Rag-and-bone man, also called totter or bone-picker: an itinerant collector of rags, bones, and scrap, a precursor of modern recycling in Britain from the Middle Ages, declined by the 1980s, revived as van-based scrap collecting.
Raina Knyaginya
Raina Knyaginya (Райна Княгиня), born Raina Popgeorgieva Futekova, was a Bulgarian teacher who sewed and carried the flag of the Panagyurishte rebels in the 1876 April Uprising against Ottoman rule.
Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)
Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton): the original Rainbow Coalition of Revolutionary Solidarity, a 1969 Chicago multiracial alliance of the Illinois Black Panther Party, Young Lords, and Young Patriots, distinct from Jesse Jackson's later Rainbow PUSH.
Rainbow Family
Rainbow Family of Living Light, also Rainbow Nation: leaderless countercultural network founded 1972 at Strawberry Lake, Colorado, holding annual noncommercial Rainbow Gatherings in national forests each July with consensus councils, free food, and no formal organization.
Rajiv Dixit (राजीव दीक्षित)
Rajiv Dixit (राजीव दीक्षित), 1967–2010, Indian swadeshi activist and orator; founded Azadi Bachao Andolan, was National Secretary of Bharat Swabhiman Andolan with Baba Ramdev, left 5,000+ Hindi lectures; died on his 43rd birthday amid disputed circumstances.