2,229 articles
Pretty privilege
Pretty privilege, studied academically as the beauty premium or lookism, is the systematic economic and social advantage of physically attractive people: roughly 20 percent higher earnings, promotion advantage, and task-dependent hiring bias driven partly by statistical discrimination.
Pride flag
Pride flag, or rainbow flag: six-stripe LGBTQ+ symbol created by Gilbert Baker in 1978 for San Francisco's Gay Freedom Day Parade, first flown June 25, 1978; variants include the 2018 Progress Pride flag by Daniel Quasar.
Pride Month
Pride Month, the annual June LGBTQ+ commemoration honoring the 1969 Stonewall Uprising, marked by parades, marches, and memorials worldwide, originating in the 1970 Christopher Street Liberation Day marches in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco.
Pride parade
Pride parade: annual LGBTQ+ commemoration of the 1969 Stonewall riots; first held June 28, 1970 as Christopher Street Liberation Day in New York, with same-year marches in Chicago, Los Angeles, and San Francisco; now 300+ parades in 60+ countries.
Priesthood in the Catholic Church
Priesthood in the Catholic Church: the ordained ministry of bishops, priests, and deacons within one sacrament of Holy Orders, conferred by bishops through the laying on of hands, reserved to baptized men, and distinguished from Protestant ministry and Orthodox married-clergy practice.
Prince Hall
Prince Hall (c. 1735-1807) was a free Black Bostonian abolitionist who founded African Lodge No. 459 in 1775-1784, the origin of Prince Hall Freemasonry, the oldest continuously active African American organization.
Princess Chrysí of Greece and Denmark
Princess Chrysí of Greece and Denmark (Chrysi Vardinogianni), Greek shipping heiress, daughter of Giorgos Vardinogiannis; married Prince Nikolaos de Grèce on 7 February 2025 in Athens, wearing the Antique Corsage tiara.
Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland
Princess Lilian, Duchess of Halland, born Lilian May Davies, was a Welsh-born member of the Swedish royal family who married Prince Bertil in 1976 after decades together.
Privacy
Privacy: the right or condition of controlling access to oneself and one's personal information, also called the right to be let alone. Defined by Warren and Brandeis (1890), a human right under UDHR Article 12, and regulated today through laws such as the EU GDPR.
Private household
A private household is a person living alone or a group sharing a dwelling and providing for their own everyday needs, as distinct from institutions like prisons or hospitals.
Prohibited degree of kinship
A prohibited degree of kinship, also called a prohibited degree of relationship, is a family relationship, by blood or marriage, within which marriage is legally or religiously barred.
Project Chanology
Project Chanology (Operation Chanology) was Anonymous's 2008 protest campaign against the Church of Scientology, triggered by takedown attempts on a leaked Tom Cruise video, combining DDoS attacks, pranks, and global Guy Fawkes-masked street protests.
Promiscuity
Promiscuity, also called promiscuous sexual behavior, means having many different sexual partners or casual relationships. Distinguished by its etymology, self-report measurement problems, evolutionary context, double standards, and links to relationship outcomes and STD transmission.
Propaganda Movement
The Propaganda Movement (1882–1896) was a Filipino reform campaign led by Rizal, del Pilar, and López Jaena in Spain, centered on the newspaper La Solidaridad, demanding assimilation and Cortes representation; its failure fed the 1896 Katipunan revolution.
Prostitution
Prostitution, also called sex work for consensual adult exchanges, is the exchange of sexual services for compensation. Key facts: four legal models (criminalization, Nordic model, legalization, decriminalization), Sweden's 1999 buyer-only ban, New Zealand's 2003 decriminalization, and health evidence on policing.
Prostitution in China
Prostitution in China is illegal but widespread since the 1978 reforms; estimates range from one to ten million sex workers, enforced through administrative fines, detention, and the saohuang dafei campaign system.
Prostitution in Hong Kong
Prostitution in Hong Kong: selling sex is not itself illegal, but brothel keeping, living on earnings of prostitution, and controlling sex workers are Crimes Ordinance offences, producing the one-woman brothel model and colonial-era regulation history.
Prostitution in Japan
Prostitution in Japan (売春) is prohibited by the 1956 Prostitution Prevention Law, which punishes solicitation and mediation but not buyers, while a large gray-zone sex industry operates under the Entertainment Businesses Law.
Prostitution in Macau
Prostitution in Macau: selling sex is not criminalized but organized prostitution is not legalized; migrant women on tourist or entertainer visas dominate saunas and hotels, with trafficking enforcement under penal code Article 153-A.
Prostitution in Singapore
Prostitution in Singapore is not itself a crime, but solicitation, pimping, brothel-keeping, and trafficking are offences under the Women's Charter; over 100 licensed brothels operate mainly in Geylang, under a system rooted in the 1870 Contagious Disease Ordinance.
Prostitution in South Korea
Prostitution in South Korea is banned under the Act on the Punishment of Arrangement of Commercial Sex Acts (성매매처벌법), which punishes buying, selling, arranging, and financing sex while protecting victims. Its history includes state-sponsored US camptown (kijich'on) prostitution, disease-control clinics, and 2025 litigation against the US military.
Prostitution in the Philippines
Prostitution in the Philippines: criminalized under Revised Penal Code Article 202 until RA 11862 (2022) repealed it; now prosecuted mainly under the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act (RA 9208), which treats sellers as victims and targets exploiters.
Protest
Protest: coordinated public collective action expressing dissent, opposition, or vindication. Covers tactics (marches, strikes, boycotts, 250 nonviolent methods), theory, datasets (1.2M events, 1980–2020), effectiveness debates, and assembly-rights law.
Protestant views of marriage
Protestant views of marriage are the teachings of Protestant churches on what marriage is and when it may be dissolved, beginning with the Reformation rejection of marriage as a sacrament, which opened divorce and remarriage.
Protestant work ethic
Protestant work ethic, or Calvinist/Puritan work ethic, coined by Max Weber in The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-05): the thesis that Calvinist calling, predestination, and asceticism fostered diligence, frugality, and capitalism.
Protests against Donald Trump
Protests against Donald Trump: mass demonstrations during his 2017-2021 and post-2025 presidencies. Largest sustained US protest movement; Women's March, Hands Off, and No Kings days; overwhelmingly nonviolent.
Protests of 1968
Protests of 1968, the global wave of student, worker, and civil rights unrest spanning Paris, Prague, Mexico City, Chicago, and beyond; May 1968 French general strike, Prague Spring, Tlatelolco massacre, and Chicago DNC protests.
Psychological abuse
Psychological abuse, also called emotional abuse, is repeated nonphysical mistreatment causing mental harm, via intimidation, humiliation, isolation, gaslighting, and control; definition, measurement, coercive control, and criminalization remain contested.
Public display of affection
Public display of affection (PDA) is a romantic or sexual gesture, such as handholding, hugging, or kissing, in public settings. Acceptability varies by culture, religion, and law, and relates to relationship satisfaction.
Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act
Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act (North Carolina House Bill 2, SL 2016-3), 2016 statute requiring multiple-occupancy restrooms by birth-certificate sex and preempting local LGBT nondiscrimination ordinances; challenged federally, replaced by House Bill 142 in 2017.