6,078 articles
Rachel Hollis
Rachel Hollis is an American author, motivational speaker, and entrepreneur whose 2018 book Girl, Wash Your Face made her a leading voice in women's self-help; she has sold more than 7 million books.
Rachel Jackson
Rachel Jackson (c. 1767–1828), born Rachel Donelson, wife of President Andrew Jackson. Her unresolved divorce from Lewis Robards fueled the 1828 campaign attacks; she died of a heart attack before his inauguration.
Rachel Uchitel
Rachel Uchitel, American nightclub VIP concierge, became known in 2009 when the National Enquirer alleged an affair with Tiger Woods; she denied it, settled for a reported $8 million, and confirmed the affair in HBO's 2021 Tiger docuseries.
Racial discrimination
Racial discrimination is unfavorable treatment based on race, color, or associated characteristics. Covered by the 1964 Civil Rights Act and 1965 CERD; measured by field experiments; recent US enforcement has shifted toward intentional discrimination only.
Racial hygiene
Racial hygiene (Rassenhygiene), coined by Alfred Ploetz in 1895 alongside Galton's eugenics, was a movement to improve population heredity via positive and negative selection; it shaped US, Scandinavian, and Nazi sterilization laws, producing 400,000 German sterilizations.
Racial integration
Racial integration: ending racial segregation and incorporating racial or ethnic groups into shared institutions. Covers Brown v. Board (1954), US school desegregation trends, integration vs assimilation, European integration policy, and outcome measurement.
Racial isolates in the United States
Racial isolates in the United States, also called triracial isolates or racial islands, are some 200 endogamous rural communities of mixed European, African, and Native American descent, including the Melungeons, Lumbee, Redbones, and Wesorts, studied by Beale and pressured by laws such as Virginia's Racial Integrity Act.
Racial segregation
Racial segregation is the enforced separation of racial groups in housing, schools, and public life; in the US it spanned Jim Crow law (Plessy 1896, Brown 1954), FHA redlining, and persistent residential and school segregation measured by indices such as the dissimilarity index.
Racial views of Donald Trump
Racial views of Donald Trump: decades of statements, lawsuits, and policies, from the 1973 housing suit and Central Park Five ads to birtherism, the 2016 campaign, and second-term disparate-impact rollbacks, with his denials.
Racial views of Winston Churchill
Churchill's documented racial views: 1937 'higher-grade race' testimony, 1919 gas memo, Bengal famine debate, 1954 immigration cabinet, and the historiographical dispute over whether he was typical or exceptional.
Racism
Racism: unequal treatment based on race, from individual prejudice to institutional and structural forms; no scientific basis for racial hierarchy; studied via five quantitative traditions and monitored by UN, UNESCO, and national surveys.
Racism against Native Americans in the United States
Racism against Native Americans in the United States: interpersonal, structural, and representational discrimination against Native peoples, including boarding schools, jurisdictional gaps, survey-documented discrimination, and stereotyping in sports and media.
Racism in Asia
Racism in Asia covers caste-based discrimination against Dalits in South Asia, ethnic nationalism such as the Rohingya expulsion, state denial of racism in CERD reports from 16 countries, and anti-Asian hostility during COVID-19.
Racism in Australia
Racism in Australia spans terra nullius, the White Australia policy (Immigration Restriction Act 1901 to Migration Act 1973), the Stolen Generations, the Racial Discrimination Act 1975 and 1995 vilification provisions, and Scanlon survey findings on discrimination and social cohesion.
Racism in Europe
Racism in Europe: belief in group superiority or contempt based on race, colour, religion or origin, per ECRI's definition. Covers historical scientific racism, EU Racial Equality Directive, anti-racism action plan 2020-2025 and 2026-2030 strategy, FRA survey prevalence data, and equality data gaps.
Racism in Israel
Racism in Israel covers discrimination against Arab/Palestinian citizens, Ethiopian-Israelis, and Palestinians under occupation, documented by state audits, the ICJ's 2024 systemic-discrimination finding, and incident statistics.
Racism in Russia
Racism in Russia: racialization and discrimination against Central Asian migrants, Roma, Caucasus peoples, and Africans, rooted in Soviet-era ethnicity politics and intensified by post-2024 anti-migrant laws and hate violence.
Racism in South Africa
Racism in South Africa, rooted in colonial segregation and apartheid (1948–1994), persists in schools, labour markets, and wealth distribution despite the 1994 constitution, SAHRC complaints data, employment equity disputes, and xenophobia and US-refugee controversies.
Racism in the United Kingdom
Racism in the United Kingdom: prejudice and discrimination by race or ethnicity, shaped by postwar Commonwealth migration. Key facts: Race Relations Act 1965, Equality Act 2010, 98,799 race hate crimes (YE March 2024), Black people stopped and searched at 4.1 times the White rate.
Racism in the United States
Racism in the United States, also called systemic or structural racism, is the system of beliefs, laws, and institutional practices producing racial inequality, rooted in slavery and Jim Crow and measurable today in wealth, health, policing, and education gaps.
Rada Główna Opiekuńcza
Rada Główna Opiekuńcza (RGO, Central Welfare Council) was the largest Polish social self-help organization of World War I, aiding war victims in German-occupied Poland from 1916 to 1921.
Radhikaraje (રાધિકારાજે ગાયકવાડ)
Radhikaraje Gaekwad (રાધિકારાજે ગાયકવાડ), titular Maharani of Baroda, born princess of Wankaner, married Samarjitsinh Gaekwad in 2002; conserves Lukshmi Vilas Palace and revives Baroda's barodashalu textiles.
Radical feminism
Radical feminism, also called radfem, is a second-wave feminist tendency identifying patriarchy as the root of women's oppression and seeking fundamental social restructuring; it arose from the 1960s women's liberation movement and popularized "the personal is political."
Rag-and-bone man
Rag-and-bone man, also called totter or bone-picker: an itinerant collector of rags, bones, and scrap, a precursor of modern recycling in Britain from the Middle Ages, declined by the 1980s, revived as van-based scrap collecting.
Rage (emotion)
Rage: intense, violent, often uncontrolled anger at the explosive end of the anger continuum, spanning impulsive outbursts and planned aggression; studied via limbic-prefrontal circuits, DSM-5-TR disorders, and regulation research.
Raina Knyaginya
Raina Knyaginya (Райна Княгиня), born Raina Popgeorgieva Futekova, was a Bulgarian teacher who sewed and carried the flag of the Panagyurishte rebels in the 1876 April Uprising against Ottoman rule.
Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton)
Rainbow Coalition (Fred Hampton): the original Rainbow Coalition of Revolutionary Solidarity, a 1969 Chicago multiracial alliance of the Illinois Black Panther Party, Young Lords, and Young Patriots, distinct from Jesse Jackson's later Rainbow PUSH.
Rainbow Family
Rainbow Family of Living Light, also Rainbow Nation: leaderless countercultural network founded 1972 at Strawberry Lake, Colorado, holding annual noncommercial Rainbow Gatherings in national forests each July with consensus councils, free food, and no formal organization.
Rainbow Gathering
Rainbow Gathering: weeks-long noncommercial camps of the Rainbow Family of Living Light, a leaderless countercultural network begun in Oregon in 1970; first gathering Colorado 1972, consensus decisions, free food, European gatherings since 1983.
Rainbow party (sexuality)
Rainbow party: an early-2000s US urban legend about teen group oral sex with colored lipsticks, publicized by Oprah in 2003 and Paul Ruditis's 2005 novel, and debunked by sociologists Joel Best and Kathleen Bogle.