6,078 articles
Sternberg item recognition task
The Sternberg item recognition task is a working memory paradigm, introduced by Saul Sternberg in 1966, that measures how fast people retrieve items from short-term memory.
Steve Cartisano
Steve Cartisano (Stephen Anthony Cartisano, 1955–2019), American founder of the Challenger Foundation (1988), the pioneering boot-camp-style wilderness therapy program for troubled teens; known for Kristen Chase's 1990 heatstroke death, his 1992 acquittal, bans in Utah and Hawaii, and unlicensed later programs.
Stewardship
Stewardship: responsible care of what is entrusted to one's charge, from Old English stigweard (house-keeper). Spans biblical Genesis roots, environmental stewardship, corporate stewardship theory versus agency theory, and biobank and data stewardship.
Stimming
Stimming, short for self-stimulatory behavior, means repeated movements or sounds such as hand flapping, rocking, or hair twirling used for self-regulation. Common in autism and ADHD but practiced by most people; usually harmless, with support needed mainly for self-injurious stims.
Stockholm syndrome
Stockholm syndrome: term for hostages bonding with captors, coined by Nils Bejerot as Norrmalmstorg syndrome after the 1973 Kreditbanken robbery; not a DSM or ICD diagnosis.
Stokely Carmichael
Stokely Carmichael, later Kwame Ture (1941–1998), Trinidadian-born American civil rights activist, SNCC chairman from 1966, popularizer of the slogan "Black Power," Lowndes County Freedom Organization organizer, later Pan-Africanist in Guinea.
Stonewall Inn
The Stonewall Inn, a gay bar at 51-53 Christopher Street in Greenwich Village, was the site of the June 28, 1969 police raid and uprising that catalyzed the modern gay rights movement; now a National Historic Landmark within Stonewall National Monument.
Stop Killing Games
Stop Killing Games (Stop Destroying Videogames) is a consumer-rights campaign started by Ross Scott in 2024 to keep purchased video games playable after support ends.
Stop-signal task
The stop-signal task is a behavioral paradigm that measures response inhibition by interrupting a go task with a stop signal, estimating covert stop-signal reaction time.
Storge (στοργή)
Storge (στοργή) is the Ancient Greek word for natural, instinctive family affection, from the verb stergo; rare in antiquity, absent as a simple noun from the New Testament, and popularized by C. S. Lewis's The Four Loves.
Stormé DeLarverie
Stormé DeLarverie (1920–2014), New Orleans-born biracial butch lesbian, drag king, and singer, was MC of the Jewel Box Revue (1955–1969) and a Stonewall veteran often, though contestably, credited with throwing the first punch; later a Village bouncer and guardian.
Stormfront (website)
Stormfront.org is a white nationalist discussion forum founded in 1995 by former KKK leader Don Black, the first major hate site on the Internet, with hundreds of thousands of registered users and documented links to extremist violence.
Story mapping
Story mapping is a reading comprehension intervention where students complete a graphic organizer of story grammar elements, such as character, setting, problem, and solution, while reading a story.
Straight ally
Straight ally: a heterosexual, cisgender supporter of LGBTQ+ people and rights, also called cishet ally. Key aspects: components of perceived allyship (nonprejudice, action, humility), performative allyship critique, ally flag, workplace and school programs.
Straight flag
Straight flag: umbrella term for flags representing heterosexuality, chiefly the straight ally flag (black-and-white stripes with a rainbow "A" for ally) and the straight pride flag, a conservative counter-symbol to LGBTQIA+ pride; GLAAD lists the orange-black "super straight" variant as an online hate symbol.
Straight pride
Straight pride is a slogan and event format celebrating heterosexuality as a counterpart to LGBTQ Pride; documented instances include Boston's 2019 Super Happy Fun America parade, Greece's 2018 Anakatalipsi march, and Putin's 'straight pride' flag, typically linked to far-right organizing.
Straight women's preference for lesbian pornography
Straight women's preference for lesbian pornography: Pornhub data show women favor the Lesbian category; Avgar's 2025 Sexualities study names five reasons (pleasure focus, relatability, less degradation, authenticity, fantasy), while arousal research shows women lack category-specific genital response.
Strange situation
The strange situation is a 20-minute laboratory procedure introduced by Mary Ainsworth in 1970 that assesses infant attachment through brief separations from and reunions with a caregiver.
Strategist
Strategist: a person who shapes strategy for armies, firms, or governments, from the Greek strategos (army leader, Athens c. 508–7 BC); works through strategic thinking, scenario planning, foresight, and bias-aware decision processes.
Strauss–Howe generational theory
The Strauss–Howe generational theory, also known as Strauss and Howe, is a theory developed in the 1990s holding that American history cycles through four recurring turnings.
Streaking
Streaking is running naked through a public place as a prank or stunt, a 1974 American college fad of over 1,000 recorded incidents, celebrated by Ray Stevens' "The Streak," studied as collective behavior, and now largely extinct at televised sporting events.
Street children
Street children, also called street-connected children or children in street situations, are under-18s who depend on streets to live or work. Global numbers are unknown; the 100 million figure dates from 1989, and recent models suggest 10 to 15 million under strict definitions.
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a free 25-item behavioral screening questionnaire for children and adolescents, introduced by Robert Goodman in 1997 and translated into more than 80 languages.
Stress management
Stress management is the use of techniques such as relaxation training, breathing exercises, and mindfulness to cope with stressful situations and with the stressed condition itself.
Stroop effect
Stroop effect: delayed ink-color naming when a word names an incongruent color, first reported by J. Ridley Stroop in 1935; the classic measure of selective attention, response inhibition, and frontal lobe function.
Stroop test
The Stroop test is a cognitive psychology task in which naming the ink color of a mismatched word, like red printed in blue, slows responses and raises errors.
Structural functionalism
Structural functionalism, also called functionalism, is a macro-level sociological theory treating society as an interdependent system whose institutions perform functions maintaining stability. Associated with Spencer, Durkheim, Parsons, and Merton; criticized for equilibrium bias and declined after the 1960s.
Structural violence
Structural violence, coined by Johan Galtung (1969), is harm embedded in social structures producing unequal power and life chances; spans peace studies, public health, and clinical medicine.
Structuralism
Structuralism is a twentieth-century intellectual movement, especially French, that interprets human culture through underlying structural patterns; drawing on Saussure's linguistics, it peaked in the 1960s before post-structuralism displaced it.
Structuralism (psychology)
Structuralism, the first formal school of psychology, named by Edward B. Titchener from Wundt's voluntarism; used introspection to break conscious experience into sensations, images, and affections; declined after Watson's 1913 behaviorist manifesto.