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Elections and referendums

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2025 Greek presidential election

2025 Greek presidential election: Parliament elected New Democracy's Konstantinos Tasoulas president on 12 February 2025 with 160 of 300 votes in the fourth round, succeeding Katerina Sakellaropoulou and breaking the cross-party consensus tradition.

2025 Greenlandic general election

Greenlandic general election held 11 March 2025 for the 31-seat Inatsisartut; Demokraatit won 29.9% and Jens-Frederik Nielsen formed a four-party coalition, defeating the IA-Siumut government amid Trump's annexation pressure.

2025 Guinea-Bissau general election

2025 Guinea-Bissau general election: combined presidential and legislative vote held 23 November 2025 for president and the 102-seat People's National Assembly; PAIGC barred; Embaló and Fernando Dias da Costa both claimed victory before the 26 November military coup suspended the count.

2025 Honduran general election

2025 Honduran general election, 30 November 2025: Nasry Asfura of the National Party won the presidency with 40.26% over Salvador Nasralla (39.5%) and Rixi Moncada (19.19%), after a delayed, fraud-disputed count; the PNH took 49 of 128 Congress seats.

2025 Hong Kong legislative election

2025 Hong Kong legislative election (8 December 2025 results, eighth-term LegCo). Second patriots-only election; 90 seats (40 ECC, 30 FC, 20 GC), 161 candidates, 31.9% turnout, DAB won 20 seats, held days after the Tai Po Wang Fuk Court fire.

2025 Indian electoral controversy

2025 Indian electoral controversy: dispute over the Election Commission of India's Special Intensive Revision of voter rolls, Rahul Gandhi's vote chori fraud allegations, EVM/VVPAT disputes, and protests demanding CEC Gyanesh Kumar's resignation.

2025 Indian vice presidential election

Seventeenth election for Vice-President of India, 9 September 2025. NDA's C.P. Radhakrishnan won 452 of 752 valid votes against INDIA bloc's B. Sudershan Reddy (300), succeeding the resigned Jagdeep Dhankhar amid cross-voting allegations.

2025 Irish presidential election

2025 Irish presidential election, held 24 October 2025, elected independent left-wing TD Catherine Connolly as Ireland's 10th president over Fine Gael's Heather Humphreys after Jim Gavin withdrew; turnout 45.83%, inaugurated 11 November 2025.

2025 Ivorian presidential election

2025 Ivorian presidential election, held 25 October 2025 in Côte d'Ivoire: incumbent Alassane Ouattara won a fourth term with 89.77% of votes cast after main rivals Laurent Gbagbo and Tidjane Thiam were barred; turnout about 45–50%.

2025 Japanese House of Councillors election

The 27th Japanese House of Councillors election (第27回参議院議員通常選挙), held July 20, 2025, saw the LDP-Komeito coalition win only 47 of 125 seats and lose its upper house majority, while Sanseito and the Democratic Party for the People surged.

2025 Kerala local elections

2025 Kerala local body elections, held 9 and 11 December 2025 across 1,199 local bodies; UDF won four of six corporations, NDA took Thiruvananthapuram Corporation for the first time, ending 45 years of Left rule; counting 13 December.

2025 Kyrgyz parliamentary election

Early parliamentary election of 30 November 2025 in Kyrgyzstan (Jogorku Kenesh), 90 seats via SNTV in 30 three-member districts, 36.9% turnout, no opposition seats; allies of President Sadyr Japarov (Japarov/Zhaparov) took over 80% of seats under a newly reformed majoritarian framework.

2025 Liberal Democratic Party presidential election

The 2025 LDP presidential election (自民党総裁選), held October 4, 2025 after Ishiba Shigeru's resignation, saw Sanae Takaichi defeat Shinjiro Koizumi in a runoff, becoming the LDP's 29th and first female president and Japan's 104th prime minister.

2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election

The 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election (March 9, 2025) chose Mark Carney, 85.9% on the first ballot, to succeed Justin Trudeau; he became prime minister March 14, 2025, defeating Freeland, Gould, and Baylis.

2025 Liechtenstein general election

2025 Liechtenstein general election (Landtagswahl, 9 February 2025): parliamentary election for all 25 Landtag seats. VU won 38.3% and 10 seats, FBP fell to 27.5%, DpL surged to 23.3%; Brigitte Haas became the first female Prime Minister.

2025 local electoral calendar

2025 local electoral calendar: England's 1 May council and mayoral elections (Reform UK won 677 seats, 41%), Kosovo's 12 October municipal elections, Portuguese local elections, and US municipal and county contests held on state-set dates throughout 2025.

2025 Malawian general election

2025 Malawian general election: tripartite vote on 16 September 2025 for president, 229 MPs, and 509 councillors. Peter Mutharika (DPP) beat incumbent Chakwera 56.8%–33.0%; turnout 76.4%; DPP won 78 of 229 seats, a hung parliament.

2025 Miami mayoral election

2025 Miami mayoral election: nonpartisan race to succeed term-limited Francis Suarez. November 4 general (13 candidates; Higgins nearly 36%, González 19.5%) followed by December 9 runoff won by Eileen Higgins, first woman and first Democratic Miami mayor in nearly 30 years.

2025 Minneapolis mayoral election

The 2025 Minneapolis mayoral election (November 4, 2025) saw incumbent Jacob Frey win a third term, defeating democratic socialist state Sen. Omar Fateh 50.03% to 44.37% in the second round of ranked-choice tabulation after a disputed, revoked DFL endorsement of Fateh.

2025 Montreal municipal election

Municipal election held in Montreal, Quebec, November 2, 2025; Soraya Martinez Ferrada (Ensemble Montréal) defeated Luc Rabouin (Projet Montréal) for mayor with 43.4% to 35.0%, turnout 37.1%, 103 seats filled, ten recounts confirmed results.

2025 national electoral calendar

2025 national electoral calendar: schedule of national elections held in 2025, including Kosovo's 9 February parliamentary vote, South Korea's 3 June snap presidential election after Yoon Suk-yeol's impeachment, and Portugal's 18 May snap election.

2025 New Jersey General Assembly election

2025 New Jersey General Assembly election, held November 4, 2025 alongside the Sherrill-Ciattarelli governor's race; Democrats expanded their 52-28 majority to 57 seats, a supermajority first won since 2017, in the first Assembly races without the county-line ballot.

2025 New Jersey gubernatorial election

The 2025 New Jersey gubernatorial election (November 4, 2025) elected Mikie Sherrill, a Democrat, over Republican Jack Ciattarelli, replacing two-term Governor Phil Murphy, with record two-decade turnout and affordability as the central issue.

2025 New York City Council election

The 2025 New York City Council election elected all 51 council members, with a June 24 ranked choice primary in 30 districts and a November 4 general election; women won 32 seats, maintaining a majority-women Council.

2025 New York City Democratic mayoral primary

2025 New York City Democratic mayoral primary, held June 24, 2025 under ranked choice voting: Zohran Mamdani upset frontrunner Andrew Cuomo, winning 56.4% of the final round with 29.9% turnout, the second-highest in city primary history.

2025 New York City mayoral election

2025 New York City mayoral election: Zohran Mamdani (also Zohran Kwame Mamdani) won the June 24 Democratic primary by ranked-choice voting over Andrew Cuomo and the November 4 general election, with record 41.6% turnout.

2025 Northern Cypriot presidential election

2025 Northern Cypriot presidential election, held 19 October 2025 in the TRNC: CTP leader Tufan Erhürman defeated incumbent Ersin Tatar 62.76% to 35.81% in one round, ending the two-state policy era and reopening federal reunification talks.

2025 Philippine general election

The 2025 Philippine general election (12 May 2025 midterm) filled half the Senate, all 317 House seats, and local posts; turnout hit 83.4%, Duterte allies won 5 Senate seats, and overseas online voting debuted.

2025 Philippine House of Representatives elections

The 12 May 2025 Philippine House of Representatives elections, part of the midterms, elected all 317 members; Marcos's Alyansa para sa Bagong Pilipinas won a majority, Lakas-CMD took 103-104 seats, and turnout hit a record 81.65%.

2025 Philippine Senate election

2025 Philippine Senate election (May 12, 2025 midterm): 12 of 24 Senate seats filled; turnout 81.65%. Bong Go led; Marcos's Alyansa won 6 seats, DuterTEN 3, KiBam opposition upset in 2nd and 5th.