22,256 articles
Figurehead
Figurehead: a person holding a leadership title without real power, from the carved figure on a ship's bow; typical of constitutional monarchs and ceremonial heads of state.
Fiji Labour Party
The Fiji Labour Party (FLP) is a Fijian political party founded in 1985 by the Fiji Trades Union Congress, which governed in 1987 and 1999 under Mahendra Chaudhry.
FijiFirst
FijiFirst (FFP) was Fiji's ruling party, founded by 2006 coup leader Frank Bainimarama; it won the 2014 election (32/50 seats, 59.2%), governed until the 2022 election, then was deregistered in July 2024 and wound up in 2025.
Fikre Selassie Wogderess
Fikre Selassie Wogderess was an Ethiopian military officer who served as the first Prime Minister of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1989.
Fikrim Damka
Fikrim Damka is a Kosovo politician of the Turkish community who leads the Kosovo Democratic Turkish Party and became Third Deputy Prime Minister for Minority Issues in 2026.
Filibuster
Filibuster: legislative tactic of blocking a bill by preventing a vote, chiefly via extended debate in the U.S. Senate. Ended only by cloture under Rule XXII, requiring 60 of 100 senators since 1975; not in the Constitution.
Filibuster in the United States Senate
The Senate filibuster is obstruction, usually extended debate, that delays or blocks a vote; cloture under Rule XXII, adopted 1917 and set at 60 votes since 1975, is the way to end it.
Filip Ivanović (Montenegrin politician)
Filip Ivanović (born 1986) is a Montenegrin politician of the Europe Now Movement who serves as Deputy Prime Minister for Foreign and European Affairs, after serving as foreign minister from 2023 to 2024.
Filip Turek
Filip Turek (born 1985, Prague) is a Czech entrepreneur, classic-car dealer and former amateur racing driver; Motoristé sobě politician, MEP 2024–2025 with over 150,000 preferential votes, Czech Chamber of Deputies member from October 2025.
Filipe Nyusi
Filipe Jacinto Nyusi, Mozambican president 2015–2025 and FRELIMO leader, born 1959 in Cabo Delgado; defence minister from 2008, elected 2014 with 57% and 2019 with 73%, signed the 2019 RENAMO peace accord, handed power to Daniel Chapo in January 2025.
Filipino nationalism
Filipino nationalism (nasyonalismong Pilipino) is the movement asserting a single Philippine nation, born from Spanish colonial unification after 1565, developed through Rizal's Propaganda Movement and the 1896 Katipunan revolution, and expressed since independence in language policy, education, and South China Sea sovereignty politics.
Filipp Goloshchyokin (Филипп Исаевич Голощёкин)
Filipp Goloshchyokin (Филипп Исаевич Голощёкин), 1876–1941, Bolshevik leader, co-decided the 1918 Romanov execution, and as First Secretary of Soviet Kazakhstan (1924–1933) drove 'Little October', forced collectivization, and the 1930–33 famine that killed about 1.5 million people.
Fine Gael
Fine Gael, early on the United Ireland Party, is a center-right Irish political party formed in 1933 from a merger of three groups and led since 2024 by Simon Harris.
Finlandization
Finlandization (Finnish: suomettuminen) describes a small state's accommodation of a great-power neighbor's foreign policy, named for Cold War Finland's deference to the Soviet Union under the 1948 FCMA treaty, ending in 1991.
Finns Party
Finns Party (Perussuomalaisten puolue, PS), Finnish populist radical right party founded 1995 from the Finnish Rural Party; led by Timo Soini, then Jussi Halla-aho after the 2017 split, and Riikka Purra; in government 2015 and from 2023.
Fiona Hill (presidential advisor)
Fiona Hill is a British-American expert on Russian and European affairs who served on the National Security Council from 2017 to 2019 and testified in Trump's first impeachment inquiry.
Fiona Ma
Fiona Ma, California's 34th State Treasurer (elected 2018, reelected 2022), first woman of color and CPA in the role; former assemblymember and Board of Equalization member; 2026 lieutenant governor candidate amid the Blackwell lawsuit settlement.
Fiona McFarland
Fiona McFarland is an American politician and Republican member of the Florida House of Representatives, representing the 73rd district since 2022 after representing the 72nd.
Fiorello La Guardia
Fiorello H. La Guardia (1882-1947), "the Little Flower," Republican congressman and three-term 99th mayor of New York City 1934-1945, reformer against Tammany patronage, WNYC radio pioneer, later UNRRA director general.
Firehose of falsehood
Firehose of falsehood: propaganda model coined by RAND's Christopher Paul and Miriam Matthews in 2016 for Russian disinformation; high-volume, multichannel, rapid, repetitive, indifferent to truth and consistency.
Firewall against the far-right in Germany
Brandmauer, or firewall against the far-right, is the German mainstream parties' commitment to exclude the AfD from coalitions and cooperation; formalized by the CDU in 2018, breached in January 2025, and strained by the AfD's record 44% Saxony-Anhalt win in 2026.
First 100 days of the second Trump presidency
First 100 days of the second Trump presidency (Jan 20-Apr 30, 2025): record 141 executive orders, 41 day-one directives, only five laws signed, 175 immigration actions, April 2 tariffs, and approval falling to 39-40%, lowest in nearly a century.
First All-Belarusian Congress
The First All-Belarusian Congress (Першы Ўсебеларускі Кангрэс) was a 1917 representative assembly of Belarusian delegates in Minsk, broken up by Bolshevik forces after two weeks.
First Bektenov Government (Бектенов үкіметі)
Kazakh cabinet under Olzhas Bektenov (Бектенов үкіметі), prime minister from 6 February 2024 to 28 August 2026; 1 PM, 6 deputies, 18 ministers; succeeded by largely identical second Bektenov cabinet.
First Continental Congress
The First Continental Congress (September 5–October 26, 1774) met in Carpenters' Hall, Philadelphia, with delegates from twelve colonies (Georgia absent) to respond to the Coercive Acts, adopting the Continental Association boycott and petitioning King George III.
First impeachment of Donald Trump
First impeachment of Donald Trump: House impeached him December 18, 2019 (H. Res. 755) for abuse of power and obstruction of Congress over Ukraine dealings; Senate acquitted him February 5, 2020, votes 48–52 and 47–53.
First impeachment of Sara Duterte
First impeachment of Sara Duterte: House impeachment of the Philippine vice president on February 5, 2025 for fund misuse, unexplained wealth, and threats, voided by the Supreme Court in July 2025 under the one-year bar rule.
First inauguration of Barack Obama
First inauguration of Barack Obama, January 20, 2009: the 44th US president and first African-American president sworn in on the Capitol West Front, theme "A New Birth of Freedom," 1.8 million attendees, oath retaken January 21.
First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt
First inauguration of Franklin D. Roosevelt, March 4, 1933, East Portico of the U.S. Capitol; last March 4 inauguration. Chief Justice Hughes administered the oath on the Dutch family Bible; 'only thing we have to fear is fear itself' address amid the 1933 banking crisis.
First inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson
First inauguration of Lyndon B. Johnson, the November 22, 1963 swearing-in aboard Air Force One at Dallas Love Field after JFK's assassination, administered by Judge Sarah T. Hughes, the first woman and only airplane presidential oath.