22,256 articles
Forum for the Restoration of Democracy
The Forum for the Restoration of Democracy (FORD) was a Kenyan opposition movement formed in 1991 against President Moi's one-party rule, splitting into FORD-Kenya and FORD-Asili before the 1992 election.
Forum on China–Africa Cooperation
The Forum on China–Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) is a multilateral platform created in 2000 for diplomatic, trade, and investment relations between China and African countries, holding triennial summits.
Forward Party (United States)
Forward Party (United States): centrist third party founded by Andrew Yang in 2021, relaunched July 2022 by merging with the Renew America Movement and Serve America Movement; co-chaired with Christine Todd Whitman; focuses on ranked-choice voting, open primaries, and ballot access.
Forza Italia
Forza Italia (FI), Italian center-right party founded by Silvio Berlusconi on 18 January 1994; won 21% in 1994, governed 1994, 2001–2006, 2008; merged into People of Freedom 2009, relaunched 2013, now led by Antonio Tajani in Meloni's coalition.
Forza Italia (2013)
Forza Italia (FI) is the Italian centre-right party relaunched by Silvio Berlusconi in November 2013 after freezing the PdL; the relaunch split off Alfano's Nuovo Centrodestra and left the party in opposition until the 2018 election.
Forza Italia Giovani
Forza Italia Giovani (Forza Italia Giovani per la Libertà) is the official youth wing of Italy's Forza Italia party, open to members aged 14-38, a full YEPP member, headquartered in Rome, and among the youth wings most aligned with its senior party.
Foundations of Geopolitics
Foundations of Geopolitics: The Geopolitical Future of Russia, also known as Osnovy geopolitiki, is a 1997 book by Aleksandr Dugin setting out a program for Russian dominance over Eurasia.
Founding Fathers of the United States
The Founding Fathers of the United States are the political leaders of the Revolutionary era who declared independence, drafted the Constitution, and established the first federal government.
Founding Junta of the Second Republic
The Founding Junta of the Second Republic (Junta Fundadora de la Segunda República) was the provisional government of Costa Rica from 1948 to 1949, headed by José Figueres Ferrer.
Founding of the Korean Communist Party
The founding of the Korean Communist Party (조선공산당, Choson Kongsantang) took place secretly in Seoul on April 17, 1925, uniting rival socialist factions into the first communist party in colonial Korea.
Founding treaties of intergovernmental organizations
Founding treaties of intergovernmental organizations are the agreements by which states create standing bodies, like the UN Charter, signed in 1945 and in force that October.
Four Freedoms
Four Freedoms: Roosevelt's January 6, 1941 State of the Union goals, freedom of speech, worship, freedom from want and fear; shaped the Atlantic Charter, UN Declaration, and Rockwell's 1943 paintings.
Four Policemen
Four Policemen: Roosevelt's WWII concept that the US, UK, USSR, and China would enforce postwar peace by blockade and air strike, later institutionalized as the UN Security Council P5 with France added in 1945.
Four Seasons Total Landscaping press conference
The Four Seasons Total Landscaping press conference: Rudy Giuliani's November 7, 2020 Trump-campaign event in a Northeast Philadelphia parking lot, held after a venue mix-up as networks called the 2020 election for Biden.
Fourteen Points
The Fourteen Points: Woodrow Wilson's January 8, 1918 peace program to Congress, drawn from the Inquiry, proposing open diplomacy, self-determination, and a League of Nations; basis for the 1918 armistice, largely scuttled at Versailles, and rejected by the U.S. Senate.
Fourteen Points of Jinnah
Fourteen Points of Jinnah: fourteen constitutional principles Muhammad Ali Jinnah presented to the All-India Muslim League, Delhi, 28 March 1929, rejecting the Nehru Report; demands federalism, residuary provincial powers, one-third Muslim central representation, and separate electorates.
Fourth International
Fourth International: Trotskyist international founded by Leon Trotsky in 1938 with the Transitional Program; split in 1953, partially reunified in 1963 as the United Secretariat; today several rival organizations claim its legacy.
Fourth Mayawati ministry
Fourth Mayawati ministry: BSP government of Uttar Pradesh, India, 13 May 2007 to 15 March 2012, Mayawati's fourth term as chief minister, formed after BSP won 206 of 403 seats with 19 cabinet ministers, 20 ministers of state (independent charge), and 9 ministers of state.
Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry
Fourth N. Chandrababu Naidu ministry: Andhra Pradesh council of ministers formed 12 June 2024 under TDP chief N. Chandrababu Naidu after the 2024 election; 25 ministers from TDP, Janasena, and BJP, portfolios announced 14 June 2024.
Fourth Party System
Fourth Party System: period of US politics from the mid-1890s realignment (System of 1896) to 1932, marked by Republican dominance of the White House and Congress, the Bryan free-silver defeat, the 1912 Roosevelt split, and the Solid South.
Fourth Reich
The Fourth Reich is a hypothetical successor to Nazi Germany's Third Reich and a political slogan. Used since 1944 in dystopian fiction, tabloid scares, post-1990 reunification fears, and populist claims that the EU is a German-dominated empire.
Fourth Republic of Ghana
The Fourth Republic of Ghana is the country's current political order, established on 7 January 1993 under the 1992 Constitution, with Jerry Rawlings as its first president.
Fox News
Fox News (FOX News Channel), the American conservative cable news channel launched October 7, 1996 by Roger Ailes for Rupert Murdoch; the most watched US news channel for over 20 years, a Fox Corporation property, settled Dominion's defamation suit for $787.5 million.
Françafrique
Françafrique is a French term for France's political, economic, and military relationships with its former sub-Saharan African colonies, now used mostly as a critique of neo-colonialism.
France-Albert René
France-Albert René (1935-2019), Seychellois statesman; founded SPUP 1964, took power in the 1977 coup ousting Mancham, ruled one-party Marxist SPPF state, won 1993 multiparty election, retired 2004.
France–Germany relations
France–Germany relations: bilateral ties based on the 1963 Élysée Treaty and 2019 Aachen Treaty; reconciliation after three wars, deep trade and investment ties, joint institutions, and recurring defense-industry disputes including the abandoned FCAS fighter program.
France–United Kingdom relations
France–United Kingdom relations: the bilateral ties of two nuclear-armed UN Security Council permanent members, anchored in the 1904 Entente Cordiale and the 2010 Lancaster House defence treaties, modernised by Lancaster House 2.0 in 2025.
France–United States relations
France–United States relations: diplomatic, economic, and security ties dating to the 1778 Treaty of Alliance; record $182 billion trade in 2025, NATO allies with recurring disputes over tariffs, Iraq, and defense burden-sharing.
Frances Cleveland
Frances Cleveland (Frances Clara Folsom Cleveland Preston, 1864–1947), wife of President Grover Cleveland, was the youngest and only White House-married first lady, serving 1886–1889 and 1893–1897.
Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk
Frances Grey, Duchess of Suffolk (born Frances Brandon, 1517-1559), eldest daughter of Charles Brandon and Mary Tudor, mother of Lady Jane Grey, passed over in Edward VI's succession devise, remarried Adrian Stokes.