Social and behavioral scientists

Magne Mogstad

Magne Mogstad, born in 1980, is a Norwegian labor economist and Gary S. Becker Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago, known for policy evaluation using Norwegian administrative data.

Mahbub ul Haq (محبوب الحق)

Mahbub ul Haq (محبوب الحق), 1934–1998, Pakistani economist, Pakistan finance minister and World Bank policy planning director, who created the Human Development Index and founded UNDP's Human Development Report in 1990.

Mahzarin R. Banaji

Mahzarin R. Banaji is an experimental social psychologist, Harvard professor since 2002, who with Anthony Greenwald defined implicit social cognition and developed the Implicit Association Test.

Maksim Kovalevsky

Maksim Maksimovich Kovalevsky (1851–1916) was a Russian jurist, ethnographer, sociologist, and liberal politician, regarded as the first professional sociologist of the Russian Empire and a deputy of the First State Duma.

Manning Marable

Manning Marable (1950–2011) was an American historian at Columbia University whose biography Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention won the 2012 Pulitzer Prize in History.

Manuel Arellano

Manuel Arellano, born 1957 in Elda, Spain, is a Spanish econometrician and Professor at CEMFI in Madrid, known for the Arellano–Bond GMM estimator for dynamic panel data.

Manuel Castells

Manuel Castells, born in Spain in 1942, is a Spanish sociologist known for his theory of the network society and for serving as Spain's Minister of Universities.

Manuel Trajtenberg

Manuel Trajtenberg (Hebrew: מנואל טרכטנברג) is an Israeli economist at Tel Aviv University who turned patent citations into measures of innovation and led Israeli economic policy.

Marc J. Melitz

Marc J. Melitz is an economist and the David A. Wells Professor of Political Economy at Harvard, whose 2003 Econometrica model made firm productivity central to trade theory.

Marcel A Fafchamps

Marcel A Fafchamps (born 1955) is a Belgian development economist known for research on market institutions, trust, and social networks in Africa, holding posts at Oxford and Stanford.

Marcel Boiteux

Marcel Boiteux (1922–2023) was a French economist-engineer whose 1956 pricing rules became known as Ramsey–Boiteux prices, and who led Électricité de France and its nuclear power program as chief executive.

Marcel Fratzscher

Marcel Fratzscher is a German economist who has been President of DIW Berlin since 2013, after eleven years at the European Central Bank heading international policy analysis.

Marcel Mauss

Marcel Mauss (1872-1950), French sociologist and anthropologist, Durkheim's nephew, first sociology professor at the Collège de France, author of Essai sur le don (The Gift), originator of the total social fact and triple obligation concepts.

Marcella Alsan

Marcella Alsan is an American economist and physician who is a professor at Stanford University, known for research on racial health disparities and a 2021 MacArthur Fellowship.

Marcia Caldas de Castro

Marcia Caldas de Castro, also known as Márcia C. Castro, is a Brazilian demographer and Harvard professor who studies how deforestation drives malaria in the Brazilian Amazon.

Marco Pagano

Marco Pagano (born 1956) is an Italian economist, Professor of Finance at the University of Naples Federico II, known for research on banking and corporate finance.

Marcus Munafo

Marcus Munafo, also known as Marcus R. Munafo, is a professor of biological psychology at the University of Bristol and co-founder of the UK Reproducibility Network, becoming Provost of the University of Bath in 2025.

Margaret Floy Washburn

Margaret Floy Washburn was an American experimental psychologist at Vassar College, the first woman to earn a psychology doctorate in 1894, known for The Animal Mind and the motor theory of consciousness.

Margaret Levi

Margaret Levi is an American political scientist, emerita professor at Stanford and the University of Washington, known for her theory of quasi-voluntary compliance and the 2019 Johan Skytte Prize.

Margaret Mead

Margaret Mead, also known as Margaret Bateson, was an American cultural anthropologist best known for Coming of Age in Samoa (1928) and her studies of Oceania.

Maria Homem

Maria Homem, born 1969, is a Brazilian psychoanalyst and writer whose filmed classes and online courses made her a leading voice on subjectivity, gender, and culture.

Marianella Casasola

Marianella Casasola is a developmental psychologist at Cornell University whose research shows that spatial words children hear change what they can perceive, earning a 2004 Presidential Early Career Award.

Marianne Bertrand

Marianne Bertrand is a Belgian-born labor economist at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, known for a 2004 field experiment on hiring discrimination.

Marianne Frankenhaeuser

Marianne Frankenhaeuser (1925–2005) was a psychologist associated with Finland and Sweden, based in Stockholm, who showed that catecholamine secretion follows effort while cortisol follows distress, and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1989.