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Ring of Gyges
The Ring of Gyges, also called the ring of Giges (Anel de Giges), is Plato's Book II Republic thought experiment: an invisibility ring lets a Lydian shepherd murder the king and usurp the throne, posing Glaucon's challenge about justice under impunity.
Ring of the Fisherman
The Ring of the Fisherman, also called the Fisherman's Ring, is the signet ring presented to each newly elected pope, bearing Saint Peter and the pope's name.
Ringatū
Ringatū is a Māori Christian faith, meaning "the upraised hand," founded by the prophet Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Tūruki in exile on the Chatham Islands in the 1860s.
Ringling College of Art and Design
Ringling College of Art and Design, a private not-for-profit art and design college in Sarasota, Florida, founded 1931 by Ludd M. Spivey with John Ringling; about 1,700 undergraduates in 13 BFA/BA programs, known for animation and motion design rankings.
Rino.ai
Rino.ai, legally White Rhino Zhida (Beijing) Technology, is a Beijing startup founded in April 2019 by former Baidu engineers Zhu Lei and Xia Tian that develops L4 driverless delivery vehicles.
Rinzai school
The Rinzai school (臨済宗) is a branch of Zen Buddhism tracing its lineage to the Chinese master Linji, brought to Japan by Eisai in the Kamakura period.
Rio de Janeiro Zoological Garden
Rio de Janeiro Zoological Garden (Jardim Zoológico do Rio de Janeiro, now BioParque do Rio): zoo at Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão. Successor to Brazil's first zoo (Vila Isabel, 1888); reopened cage-free in 2021 with 1,000+ animals of 140 species under Grupo Cataratas concession.
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development: 27-principle non-binding UN text adopted 14 June 1992 at the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, building on the 1972 Stockholm Declaration; key texts include anthropocentric Principle 1, sovereignty-tempering Principle 2, and participation Principle 10.
Rio Protocol
The Rio Protocol is a 1942 treaty signed by Peru and Ecuador in Rio de Janeiro that defined their land border after the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War of 1941.
Rio Tinto (corporation)
Rio Tinto, also known as Rio Tinto Zinc, is an Anglo-Australian mining company, dual-listed in London and Australia, whose earnings are dominated by Pilbara iron ore.
Rionegro Constitution
The Rionegro Constitution (Constitución de Rionegro de 1863), issued on 8 May 1863, united nine sovereign states into the United States of Colombia and was replaced in 1886.
Rioplatense Spanish
Rioplatense Spanish (español rioplatense, castellano rioplatense), the Spanish variety of the Río de la Plata basin in Argentina and Uruguay, marked by yeísmo rehilado (sheísmo/zheísmo), voseo, Italian-influenced intonation, and about 51 million speakers.
Riordan McClain
Riordan T. McClain is an American Republican politician representing Ohio's 87th House district, covering Crawford, Morrow, Wyandot, and part of Marion County, appointed after a private-sector finance career.
Riot
A riot is a violent public disturbance in which three or more people act together for a common purpose through violence or terror, disturbing the peace; the term itself is politically disputed.
Riot Act
The Riot Act (1714) was a British statute letting officials read a proclamation ordering crowds of over twelve to disperse within an hour, on pain of death; repealed 1973, succeeded by the Public Order Act 1986 riot offence.
Riot control
Riot control: law enforcement tactics, formations, and less-lethal equipment (tear gas, rubber bullets, batons, water cannon) used to disperse riots, governed by UN 2020 guidance and national doctrines, and often documented as misused.
Riot grrrl
Riot grrrl, an underground feminist punk movement and music style from the early 1990s Pacific Northwest and Washington, D.C., tied to third-wave feminism, Bikini Kill, Bratmobile, zines, and the Riot Grrrl Manifesto.
Riot of 1624
The Riot of 1624, also called the Tumult of 1624, was an uprising in Mexico City that drove the viceroy, the Marqués de Gelves, from power.
Riot Ventures
Riot Ventures is a Venice, California venture capital firm founded in 2017 by Stephen Marcus and Will Coffield that invests in industrial and deep-tech startups.
Riparian water rights
Riparian water rights give landowners bordering a waterbody rights to reasonable use of its water, attached to the land and not lost by non-use; the doctrine predominates in the eastern United States, contrasting with western prior appropriation.
Ripley's Believe It or Not!
Ripley's Believe It or Not! is an American franchise that expanded from newspaper cartoons to a global museum network. It currently operates over 100 attractions in 9 countries.
Ripper Chandran
Ripper Chandran (Muthukutty Chandran, റിപ്പർ ചന്ദ്രൻ, 1950–1991), Kerala serial killer who murdered 14 people in 1985–86 robberies, hanged at Kannur Central Jail on 6 July 1991, Kerala's last execution.
Ripper Crew
Ripper Crew, or Chicago Rippers: four-man satanic serial-killing group (Robin Gecht, Edward Spreitzer, Andrew and Thomas Kokoraleis) that abducted, mutilated, and murdered up to 20 women in Chicago, 1981-1982.
Ripuarian Franks
Ripuarian Franks (Ripuarii, Ribuarii, Rhineland Franks): Frankish group centered on Cologne on the Rhine, distinct from the Salian Franks; kings at Cologne, absorbed into Austrasia, known chiefly through the Lex Ribuaria law code.
Ripuarian language
Ripuarian (Ripuarisch, Ripoarėsch, Kölsch) is a West Central German dialect group around Cologne, Aachen, and Bonn, extending into Belgium and Dutch Limburg; about 250,000 speakers, defined by the Benrath Line isoglosses.
Ripudaman Singh
Ripudaman Singh (ਰਿਪੁਦਮਾਨ ਸਿੰਘ) was Maharaja of Nabha, a princely state in the Punjab, from 1912 until the British deposed him in 1923 after a feud with the ruler of Patiala.
Risa Hontiveros
Risa Hontiveros (Ana Theresia Navarro Hontiveros-Baraquel), Filipino senator and Akbayan party-list representative, author of the Expanded Maternity Leave and Mental Health Laws, Senate minority figure and prospective 2028 presidential candidate.
Risala fi l-Sahaba
Risala fi l-Sahaba (رسالة الصحابة, "Epistle Concerning the Entourage") is a treatise by the secretary Ibn al-Muqaffa advising Caliph al-Mansur on the young Abbasid caliphate's political ills.
Risala fi-l-qada wa-l-hisba
Risala fi-l-qada wa-l-hisba (رسالة في القضاء والحسبة) is an early 12th-century Arabic treatise by the Sevillian jurist Ibn Abdun on the duties of Seville's market inspector.
Risalat al-Tawhid
Risalat al-Tawhid ("Treatise on Divine Unity") is a work of Islamic theology by the Egyptian reformer Muhammad Abduh, first printed in 1897 and his best-known theological writing.