127,669 articles
Appaloosa Management
Appaloosa Management is a distressed-value investment firm founded by David Tepper in 1993 and based in Short Hills, New Jersey, known for buying debt of financially troubled companies.
Appanage
Apanage: territory or revenue from the French royal domain granted to younger royal sons, reverting to the crown absent male heirs; also English crown duchies and German princely endowments.
Appanage Russia
Appanage Russia (udel Rus, 1240–1480): the era of divided Rus principalities between Kievan Rus and Muscovite Russia, marked by princely territorial subdivision, Mongol overlordship and yarlyks, debates over feudalism, and Moscow's consolidation ending the appanage system.
Appar
Appar, also known as Tirunavukkarasar, was a seventh-century Tamil Shaiva saint and poet, one of the 63 Nayanmars, whose Tevaram hymns occupy books 4 to 6 of the Tirumurai canon.
Apparatus (journal)
Apparatus. Film, Media and Digital Cultures of Central and Eastern Europe: peer-reviewed, open-access, multilingual film and media studies journal, ISSN 2365-7758, founded 2015 in Berlin by Natascha Drubek, Scopus-indexed.
Appayya Dikshitar
Appayya Dikshitar (अप्पय्य दीक्षित), also called Appayya Dikshita, was a Sanskrit philosopher and polymath of the Tamil country, c. 1520–1593, credited with one hundred books.
Appeal
Appeal: a challenge to a prior legal determination brought to a higher court. Also known as appellate review; parties are appellant and appellee. Distinguishes appeals of right from discretionary review, three-judge federal panels, and de novo, clear-error, and abuse-of-discretion standards.
Appearance of the First False Dmitry
The Appearance of the First False Dmitry (Появление Лжедмитрия I) was the emergence of an impostor who claimed Ivan the Terrible's son and became tsar in 1605.
Appeasement
Appeasement: diplomatic strategy of conceding to aggressive powers to avoid war, chiefly British policy toward Nazi Germany under Chamberlain; culminated in the 1938 Munich Agreement ceding the Sudetenland, failed in March 1939, and ended with war on September 3, 1939.
Appellate court
Appellate court: a court reviewing lower-court or agency decisions for legal error, including intermediate courts such as the U.S. courts of appeals (Evarts Act 1891) and the Court of Appeal of England and Wales (1875), with three-judge panels and tiered standards of review.
Appian Natural Resources
Appian Natural Resources is a family of metals-and-mining private equity funds advised by Appian Capital Advisory, a London firm founded by Michael W. Scherb in 2012.
Appian Way
The Appian Way (Via Appia, Regina Viarum) is the oldest Roman road of certain route, begun 312 BCE by censor Appius Claudius Caecus from Rome to Capua, extended to Brindisi, with the Via Traiana added in 109 CE; UNESCO-listed in 2024.
Apple (symbolism)
Apple symbolism: the fruit as symbol of knowledge, temptation, love, health, and discord. Biblical forbidden fruit (not named an apple in Genesis), Greek apple of discord, Norse Iðunn's apples, teacher's apple, and Apple Inc. branding.
Apple Bearers
The Apple Bearers (Greek: Melophoroi) were the 1,000-man infantry bodyguard of the Achaemenid Persian Great King, an elite of the 10,000 Immortals named for the golden apples on their spear-butts.
Apple Card
Apple Card, also known as the Apple Credit Card, is a credit card issued by Goldman Sachs and offered through Apple's iPhone Wallet app since 2019.
Apple in China
Apple in China describes Apple's two-way dependence on China: most iPhones are assembled there, Chinese consumers account for about 17% of sales, and diversification into India and Vietnam is under way.
Apple Inc.
Apple Inc. is an American technology company that designs and sells the iPhone, Mac, and iPad, with John Ternus as CEO since Tim Cook stepped down in 2026.
Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co.
Apple Inc. v. Samsung Electronics Co., the 2011-2018 smartphone patent war in the Northern District of California: $1.05 billion 2012 verdict, 2016 Supreme Court 'article of manufacture' ruling, $539 million 2018 award, June 2018 settlement.
Apple News
Apple News is Apple's preinstalled news aggregator app for iOS, iPadOS, macOS, and visionOS, combining human-curated Top Stories, algorithmic Trending Stories, and the Apple News+ subscription, distinct from Google News and Apple News+ alone.
Apple of my eye
Apple of my eye: English idiom for a cherished person, originally the pupil of the eye. From Old English æppel on the ēagan, coined in Wycliffe's 1382 translation, biblical Hebrew passages, popularized by Walter Scott's 1816 Old Mortality.
Apple Pay
Apple Pay is Apple's mobile payment and digital wallet service, launched in 2014, letting users pay in stores, online, and in apps with an iPhone or Apple Watch.
Apple Store
The Apple Store is Apple's chain of company-owned retail stores, opened in 2001 at Tysons Corner, Virginia, and grown to more than 500 stores worldwide.
Apple TV+
Apple TV+ (launched November 1, 2019; rebranded Apple TV in October 2025) is Apple's subscription streaming service of original shows, movies, documentaries, and live sports including MLS and Formula 1.
Apples of the Hesperides
Apples of the Hesperides: golden fruit of Hera's divine tree at the world's edge, guarded by Ladon and the Hesperides nymphs; stolen by Heracles as his eleventh labor, by slaying the serpent or via Atlas.
Applicable law for contracts absent choice
Default conflict-of-laws rules for contracts without a governing-law clause: the Rome Convention and Rome I apply the law of closest connection via characteristic performance, with special consumer and employment protections; the 2015 Hague Principles exclude this situation.
Application for employment
An application for employment, also called a job application, is the form, resume, and supporting materials a candidate submits to be considered for a job.
Application of Sharia by country
Application of Sharia by country, also called application of Islamic law by country, describes how national legal systems incorporate sharia, from Saudi Arabia's comprehensive system to mixed and secular models.
Applied behavior analysis
Applied behavior analysis (ABA) applies operant conditioning principles to change socially significant behavior, defined by Baer, Wolf, and Risley's 1968 JABA framework; best known as an autism treatment with mixed evidence and growing Medicaid oversight.
Applied Biosystems
Applied Biosystems, formerly PE Applied Biosystems, is an American life-science instrument maker founded in 1981, known for automated DNA sequencing machines used to sequence the human genome.
Applied economics
Applied economics is the use of economic theory, data, and statistical methods to answer concrete real-world questions, organized into fields like labor, public economics, and development.