edgepedia

Society and history

127,669 articles

Aziz Abu Sarah (عزيز أبو سرية)

Aziz Abu Sarah (عزيز أبو سرية), Palestinian peacebuilder and entrepreneur, co-founded MEJDI Tours (Dual Narrative tours) and InterAct International with Maoz Inon; author of The Future Is Peace (2026).

Aziz Akhannouch

Aziz Akhannouch, born in 1961, is a Moroccan politician and businessman who has served as prime minister of Morocco since 2021 and owns the Akwa Group conglomerate.

Aziz Ali al-Misri

Aziz Ali al-Misri (عزيز علي المصري), born in Cairo in 1879, was an Egyptian general who founded the secret society al-Ahd in 1913 and commanded in the Arab Revolt.

Azizi ibn Abd al-Malik

Azizi ibn Abd al-Malik (عزيزي بن عبد الملك), honorifically Abu al-Ma'ali and known as Shaydhala, was a Sunni preacher and judge of Gilani origin in Baghdad, dying in 494 AH.

Azlan Shah of Perak

Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah, Sultan of Perak (1928–2014), was the ninth King of Malaysia and the only Malaysian ruler who had been Lord President of the Federal Court.

Azolla Ventures Full-Cycle

Azolla Ventures is a Cambridge, Massachusetts venture capital firm launched in 2021 by the nonprofit Prime Coalition, investing blended catalytic and market-rate capital in earliest-stage climate technology companies.

Azorean settlement of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande

The Azorean settlement of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande was a Portuguese Crown program moving over 6,000 Azorean islander families to southern Brazil between 1748 and 1756.

Azouz Nasri (عزوز ناصري)

Azouz Nasri (عزوز ناصري), born in 1945, is an Algerian politician and former magistrate serving as President of the Council of the Nation, Algeria's upper house, since 2025.

Azov Brigade

The Azov Brigade (12th Special Forces Brigade Azov) is a National Guard of Ukraine unit founded May 5, 2014, known for the 2022 Mariupol defense, far-right origins controversy, and its 2025 expansion into the 1st Corps Azov.

Azov campaigns (1695–1696)

Azov campaigns (1695–1696), also called Azov-Dnieper campaigns: Peter I of Russia's two operations against the Ottoman fortress of Azov during the Russo-Turkish War 1686–1700; the 1695 siege failed, the 1696 fleet blockade took the fortress.

Azov campaigns of Peter I

The Azov campaigns of Peter I (Азовские походы Петра I) were two Russian campaigns of 1695 and 1696 against the Ottoman fortress of Azov at the mouth of the Don River.

Azov Sitting

The Azov Sitting (Азовское сидение) was the Don Cossacks' capture of the Turkish fortress of Azov in 1637 and defense of it against the Ottomans in 1641.

Azrael (עזראל)

Azrael (עזראל), also called Izra'il, is the angel of death in Islamic, Jewish folk, and Sikh tradition, taking souls gently for the just and harshly for the unjust.

Azriel Hildesheimer

Azriel Hildesheimer (1820–1899), born Israel Hildesheimer, was a German-Hungarian Orthodox rabbi who combined Talmudic learning with a university doctorate and founded the Berlin Rabbinical Seminary in 1873.

Azruddin Mohamed

Azruddin Intiaz Mohamed (born 1987), Guyanese businessman of Mohamed's Enterprise and founder-leader of the We Invest in Nationhood (WIN) party; Guyana's opposition leader since January 2026 while under US OFAC sanctions and a $50 million Florida gold tax-evasion indictment facing extradition.

Aztec codices

Aztec codices, or amoxtli in Nahuatl, are painted screenfold books created by the Nahua peoples of Mesoamerica to record history, genealogy, and tribute, though most pre-Hispanic examples were lost in the conquest.

Aztec conquest of Cuetlaxtlan

The Aztec conquest of Cuetlaxtlan was the Aztec takeover by force of Cuetlaxtlan, near modern Cotaxtla in Veracruz, Mexico, a tributary province remembered for supplying deer skins.

Aztec conquest of Huexotzinco

The Aztec conquest of Huexotzinco was the incorporation, around 1512, of the Puebla lordship of Huexotzinco into the Aztec tribute sphere, an agreement that broke by 1518, and in 1519 Huexotzinco allied with Cortés against Tenochtitlan.

Aztec conquest of Oaxaca

The Aztec conquest of Oaxaca was the 15th-century Mexica expansion into the Mixtec and Zapotec lands of southern Mexico, consolidated from the garrison of Huaxyacac.

Aztec conquest of Tehuantepec

The Aztec conquest of Tehuantepec was a 1497 campaign by Mexica ruler Ahuitzotl against the Zapotec, whose fortified city Guiengola stopped Aztec expansion in Oaxaca.

Aztec conquest of the Tlatelolcan market quarter

The Aztec conquest of the Tlatelolcan market quarter was the 1473 war in which Tenochtitlan, under Axayácatl, defeated its twin city Tlatelolco, killed its ruler Moquíhuix, and absorbed the city.

Aztec conquest of the Totonac region

The Aztec conquest of the Totonac region brought Totonacapan, on Mexico's Gulf coast in modern Veracruz, into the Aztec Triple Alliance's tribute system before its 1519 breakaway.

Aztec conquest of Tochtepec

The Aztec conquest of Tochtepec was the incorporation of the Gulf Coast province of Tochtepec, in southern Veracruz and northern Oaxaca, into the Aztec tribute system in the 1450s.

Aztec Empire

Aztec Empire (Triple Alliance, 1428-1521): hegemonic coalition of Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan ruling 371 tribute-paying city-states in 38 provinces; capital Tenochtitlan, modern Mexico City; fell to Cortés and native allies in 1521.

Aztec law

Aztec law governed the Nahuatl-speaking city-states of the Valley of Mexico, most prominently Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, and Tlacopan, in the century before the Spanish conquest of 1521.

Aztec mythology

Aztec mythology, the religion and cosmology of the Mexica of central Mexico: Five Suns creation myth, 13 heavens and 9 underworlds, 260- and 365-day calendars, gods such as Huitzilopochtli and Tlaloc, and sacrifice as reciprocity with the gods.

Aztec philosophy

Aztec philosophy: reflective thought of the Nahuatl-speaking peoples of pre-conquest Central Mexico, centered on teotl, a monist process metaphysics, with reconstructions by León-Portilla (1956) and Maffie (2014).

Aztec religion

Aztec religion was the set of beliefs and practices of the Nahuatl-speaking peoples of central Mexico, centered on teotl, a pantheon of deities, and sacrificial rites.

Aztec tribute system

The Aztec tribute system (sistema de tributo mexica) required conquered provinces to pay goods and labor to the Triple Alliance from the 1420s until 1521.

Aztec warfare

Aztec warfare, the military system of the Mexica and their Triple Alliance (Tenochtitlan, Texcoco, Tlacopan), combined conquest for tribute and territory with ritual campaigns (xochiyaoyotl) to take captives for sacrifice, ending with Tenochtitlan's fall in 1521.