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Beerla Ilaiah
Beerla Ilaiah is an Indian politician of the Indian National Congress who represents the Alair constituency in the Telangana Legislative Assembly and serves as a Government Whip.
Bees & Bears
Bees & Bears is a Berlin-based climate fintech founded in 2023 by Jakob von Egidy and Marius Schondelmaier, offering embedded installment financing for residential climate technologies.
Beeville, Texas
Beeville, Texas: county seat of Bee County on Poesta Creek between San Antonio and Corpus Christi. Founded 1859 as Maryville, renamed Beeville; 13,669 residents (2020); economy of oilfield services, corrections, agribusiness; Stage 4 water emergency since 2025-2026.
Begazy-Dandybai culture
The Begazy-Dandybai culture was a Late Bronze Age archaeological culture of Central Kazakhstan, named after burial sites at Begazy and Dandybai and known for large stone mausoleums and bronze metallurgy.
Begging
Begging is soliciting alms in public, historically regulated from medieval England's Statutes of Labourers through the 1824 Vagrancy Act to the ECHR's Lăcătuș v. Switzerland ruling and the UK's 2026 repeal.
Begging the question
Begging the question (petitio principii) is the informal fallacy of assuming one's conclusion in the premises; Aristotelian origin, related to circular reasoning, now also colloquially means raising a question.
Begich
Begich (Бегич), also rendered Begichka, was an emir of the Golden Horde sent by Mamai against Moscow in 1378 and killed at the battle of the Vozha River.
Beginning of cloistered rule
The beginning of cloistered rule (院政の開始) was Emperor Shirakawa's 1086 abdication in favor of his 8-year-old son Horikawa, after which Shirakawa governed as retired emperor, bypassing the Fujiwara regents.
Begoña Gómez
Begoña Gómez Fernández, Spanish consultant, IE Africa Center director, and wife of PM Pedro Sánchez; investigated since April 2024 by judge Peinado for influence peddling and malversion, facing jury trial while prosecutors seek acquittal.
Begteginids
The Begteginids (بكتكينيون), also called the Erbil Atabegate, were a Turkic atabeg dynasty ruling Erbil for about ninety years until the Abbasid caliphate annexed it after Kokbori's death in 1232.
Begtuzun
Begtuzun (بکتوزون), titled Sinan al-Dawla, was a Samanid military commander and chamberlain of Khurasan who helped depose amir Mansur II in 999 and was detained when the Qarakhanids took Bukhara.
Begum Hazrat Mahal (بیگم حضرت محل)
Begum Hazrat Mahal (بیگم حضرت محل), wife of exiled Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, was regent of Awadh for her son Birjis Qadr and led the 1857 revolt's Lucknow resistance, later exiled to Nepal.
Begum Kulsum Saifullah Khan
Begum Kulsum Saifullah Khan (1924–2015) was a Pakistani businesswoman who chaired the Saif Group from 1964 to 1990 and is recognized as Pakistan's first woman federal minister.
Begum Rokeya
Begum Rokeya (Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain, 1880–1932), Bengali Muslim feminist writer of Pairaband, Rangpur; author of Sultana's Dream (1905), founder of a Calcutta girls' school and the Anjuman-i-Khawatin-i-Islam (1916). Not to be confused with the 1948–2026 Netrakona social worker of the same name.
Begum Samru
Begum Samru (बेगम सम्रू), born Farzana, was a Kashmiri dancer who married the mercenary Walter Reinhardt Sombre, ruled Sardhana near Delhi from 1778 to 1836, and led its brigade.
Behanzin
Behanzin, in Fon Gbehenazin and born Prince Kondo, was king of Dahomey from 1889 to 1894, resisting French conquest before exile and death in Algiers in 1906.
Behavior mapping
Behavior mapping is an unobtrusive direct-observation method, used since the 1960s in environmental psychology and design, that records what people do, where, and when on a map of a setting.
Behavior modification
Behavior modification: application of conditioning principles to change measurable behavior, spanning experimental analysis of behavior, applied behavior analysis, and behavior therapy, with functional assessment and reinforcement-based methods.
Behavioral Analysis Unit
The FBI's Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU), descended from the 1972 Behavioral Science Unit within NCAVC, applies behavioral science to investigations of terrorism, cybercrime, and violent crime, manages ViCAP, and runs threat assessment programs, though profiling validity remains debated.
Behavioral economics
Behavioral economics, also called psychological economics, is the branch of economics that studies how people actually make decisions when they depart from the standard rational-agent model, drawing on Kahneman and Tversky's prospect theory.
Behavioral finance
Behavioral finance is the study of financial phenomena using models in which some agents are not fully rational, combining psychology with limits to arbitrage to explain prices and trading.
Behavioral game theory
Behavioral game theory is the branch of game theory that enriches classical equilibrium analysis with experimentally observed behavior, including bounded reasoning, learning, and social preferences like fairness.
Behavioral macroeconomics
Behavioral macroeconomics is the branch of macroeconomics that incorporates psychologically realistic expectations and preferences into aggregate models of output, inflation, and policy, relaxing rational expectations in favor of bounded rationality.
Behavioral modernity
Behavioral modernity, or modern human behavior, is an archaeological concept for the trait suite (symbolic culture, ornaments, art, complex tools) once thought to appear suddenly ~40 kya in Europe but now seen as gradual, partly Neanderthal-shared, and increasingly argued obsolete.
Behavioral Science Unit
The FBI's Behavioral Science Unit, founded in 1972 at Quantico, pioneered offender profiling and serial-killer interviews; it later became the Behavioral Analysis Unit (BAU).
Behavioralism
Behavioralism is a movement in political science, originating at the University of Chicago in the 1920s-1930s and peaking in the 1950s behavioral revolution led by David Easton, Robert Dahl, and Heinz Eulau, which treats observable political behavior, quantification, and value-free science as the basis of the discipline.
Behaviorism
Behaviorism: school of psychology founded by John B. Watson in 1913, studying observable behavior via classical (Pavlov) and operant (Skinner) conditioning; includes radical vs methodological variants, Chomsky's 1959 critique, and applied behavior analysis.
Behavioural change theories
Behavioural change theories, also called behavior change theories or models, are formal frameworks explaining how people change actions, spanning continuum models like the theory of planned behavior, stage models like the transtheoretical model, and integrated systems like COM-B and the Behavior Change Wheel used in health interventions.
Behavioural finance
Behavioural finance is the study of how psychological factors such as loss aversion, overconfidence, and framing affect financial decision-making and market prices, challenging standard finance theory since the 1980s.
Behavioural sciences
Behavioural sciences: empirical disciplines studying human and animal behavior and its mental causes, spanning psychology, anthropology, economics, and cognitive science; distinguished by systematic observation, experiment, and the replication-crisis-era reform of methods.