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Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester
Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester (born Birgitte Eva van Deurs Henriksen, 1946, Odense, Denmark) is the Danish-born wife of Prince Richard, Duke of Gloucester, a full-time working royal with 60+ patronages and a 2024 Order of the Garter appointment.
Birhurtura
Birhurtura, also written Birhar-tura, is an officer of Uruk in the Sumerian poem Gilgamesh and Aga, which tells of Aga of Kish besieging Uruk under Gilgamesh.
Biridašwa
Biridašwa, also spelled Biridashwa or Biridaswa, was a ruler of a Canaanite city-state who appears in the Amarna letters, the diplomatic archive of Akhenaten's reign in the 14th century BC.
Biridiya
Biridiya, also Biridija, was the Canaanite mayor of Megiddo under Egyptian overlordship in the mid-14th century BCE, known for eight Amarna letters pleading for troops against the hostile ruler Labaya.
Birinus
Birinus, who died c. 650, was a Catholic missionary bishop sent from Rome by Pope Honorius I who became the first Bishop of Dorchester and the Apostle of Wessex.
Birjis Qadr
Birjis Qadr (बिरजिस क़द्र), son of the deposed Nawab Wajid Ali Shah, was proclaimed Nawab of Awadh at Lucknow in 1857 as a child, with his mother Begum Hazrat Mahal as regent.
Birkbeck, University of London
Birkbeck, University of London, is a public research university in central London, known for its evening teaching model, with classes often held between 6pm and 9pm.
Birla family
The Birla family, also known as the Birlas, is a Marwari Indian business family from Pilani, Rajasthan, whose firm grew into one of India's largest industrial houses.
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra
Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra (BIT Mesra), a deemed university in Ranchi, Jharkhand, founded 1955 by B.M. Birla; engineering, pharmacy and science programs diploma to Ph.D., seven Indian and two offshore campuses.
Birmingham Boys
The Birmingham Boys, also known as the Brummagem Boys, were an English street gang led by Billy Kimber that controlled bookmaking and protection rackets at Britain's racecourses until the 1930s.
Birmingham campaign
Birmingham campaign, or Project C, was the April-May 1963 SCLC-ACMHR nonviolent campaign against segregation in Birmingham, Alabama, led by King, Abernathy, and Shuttlesworth, whose Children's Crusade and police dogs-and-hoses imagery drove the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Birmingham City Schools
Birmingham City Schools is the public school district of Birmingham, Alabama, founded in 1873, desegregated under court orders from 1963 to 1976, taken over by the state in 2012, and recently ranked first in Alabama math recovery.
Birmingham pub bombings
The Birmingham pub bombings of 21 November 1974, IRA attacks on the Mulberry Bush and Tavern in the Town pubs, killed 21 and injured over 220; six innocent Irishmen, the Birmingham Six, were wrongly convicted in 1975 and freed in 1991.
Birmingham Quran manuscript
The Birmingham Quran manuscript is a four-page parchment manuscript of the Quran held at the University of Birmingham, radiocarbon dated in 2015 to between 568 and 645 CE.
Birmingham Six
The Birmingham Six were six Irish men wrongly convicted in 1975 of the 1974 Birmingham pub bombings that killed 21 people; their convictions were quashed in 1991 after 16 years, prompting the CCRC's creation.
Birpal
Birpal (বীৰপাল), also known as Birbor or Gayapal, was a late twelfth-century Chutia chieftain who united sixty Chutia families at Sadiya on the Brahmaputra's northern bank, traditionally founding the Chutia kingdom.
Birsa Munda
Birsa Munda, known as Dharti Aba, was a Munda Adivasi religious leader who founded the Birsait faith and led the Ulgulan, an 1899–1900 uprising in Chotanagpur.
Birth Legend of Sargon of Akkad
The Birth Legend of Sargon of Akkad, also called the Legend of Sargon of Akkad, is an Akkadian pseudo-autobiography recounting Sargon's birth and rise to kingship.
Birth name
Birth name: the name given to a person at birth, also called the name assigned at birth, differing from current, legal, or chosen names. Covers adoptees, marriage surname changes, deadnames of trans people, and birth registration.
Birth order
Birth order is a person's rank by age among siblings (firstborn, middle, youngest, only child). Studied since Galton and Adler, it shows a small intelligence decline for laterborns but no reliable Big Five personality effects.
Birth rate
Birth rate (crude birth rate): live births per 1,000 mid-year population per year; also CBR. Core fertility measure in demography; CBR minus CDR gives natural increase; differs from total fertility rate, which adjusts for age structure.
Birth tourism
Birth tourism: traveling to another country, mainly the United States or Canada, to give birth so the child gains citizenship there. Legal via jus soli, but visa fraud if concealed; targeted by 2026 U.S. executive orders.
Birthright citizenship in the United States
Birthright citizenship in the United States grants U.S. citizenship at birth to nearly everyone born on American soil under the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause, confirmed by Wong Kim Ark (1898) and Trump v. Barbara (2026), with narrow exceptions for diplomats' children, hostile-occupation births, and tribal Indians.
Birthright Israel (תגלית)
Birthright Israel (Taglit, תגלית) is a philanthropic program founded in 1999 by Charles Bronfman and Michael Steinhardt offering free 10-day educational trips to Israel for Jewish young adults ages 18-26, with over 900,000 participants from 70 countries.
Biryawaza
Biryawaza, also known as Birjawaza, was a dignitary of the mid-14th century BC Amarna age who served as an agent of Egyptian rule in Syria-Palestine and is linked with Damascus.
Bisan Owda (بيسان عودة)
Bisan Owda (بيسان عودة), also Bisan Atef Owda, born 1997 or 1998, is a Palestinian journalist and filmmaker from Gaza whose AJ+ video series 'It's Bisan from Gaza and I'm Still Alive' won a Peabody, an Emmy, and a Murrow Award, after an Emmy-nomination controversy over alleged PFLP ties that NATAS could not corroborate.
Bisayan languages
The Bisayan languages (Visayan, Binisaya) are a group of about forty closely related Austronesian languages spoken across the central Philippines, with Cebuano, Hiligaynon, and Waray the most widely spoken.
Biscari massacre
The Biscari massacre, also called the Santo Pietro massacres, was the 14 July 1943 killing of 73 Italian and German POWs by US 45th Division soldiers near Biscari airfield, Sicily; Sergeant Horace West was convicted and later paroled, Captain Compton acquitted.
Biscayan dialect
Biscayan dialect (bizkaiera), the Western dialect of Basque spoken in Bizkaia, western Gipuzkoa, and northeastern Araba; the westernmost, most divergent Basque dialect, codified by Labayru Gramatika alongside Standard Basque (batua).
Bisexual erasure
Bisexual erasure (bi erasure, bisexual invisibility) is the ignoring, falsifying, or reexplaining of bisexuality as gay or straight. Covers Yoshino's epistemic contract, gendered stereotypes, media tropes, and health disparities.