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Borsa İstanbul
Borsa İstanbul is Turkey's stock exchange, based in Istanbul, with 539 listed companies and a market capitalization of TL 10.04 trillion at the end of 2023.
Borstal
Borstal: British custodial institution for young offenders aged 16 to 21, first opened 1902 at Borstal, Kent, by Evelyn Ruggles-Brise; statutory under the Prevention of Crime Act 1908; abolished 1982, replaced by youth custody centres.
Börte
Börte (c. 1161–1230), senior wife of Genghis Khan and grand empress of the Mongol Empire; her Merkit kidnapping around 1181 prompted the alliances that launched Temüjin's rise, and her four sons and five daughters shaped imperial succession.
Borui Pharma (Brightgene)
Borui Pharma, formally BrightGene Bio-Medical Technology, is a Suzhou biopharmaceutical company founded in 2001 by Dr. Yuan Jiandong, listed on the STAR Market since 2019.
Boruo
Boruo (波若, 562–613) was a Chinese Buddhist monk of the Sui dynasty, born in Goguryeo, who studied under Tiantai founder Zhiyi and spent 16 years in ascetic retreat on Huading Peak.
Borys Budka
Borys Budka is a Polish Civic Coalition politician who has been a Member of the European Parliament since 2024, chairing its Committee on Industry, Research and Energy.
Bose Quantum (北京玻色量子科技股份有限公司)
Bose Quantum, also known as Qboson, is a Beijing-based startup founded in 2020 that builds room-temperature coherent optical quantum computers and raised RMB 1.84 billion.
Boshin Rescript
The Boshin Rescript (討伐慶喜ノ勅命) was an 1868 imperial rescript in which Emperor Meiji declared the former shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu a rebel and ordered his suppression.
Boshin War (戊辰戦争)
The Boshin War (戊辰戦争), or Boshin Sensō, was the Japanese civil war of 1868 to 1869 in which the new imperial army defeated the Tokugawa shogunate.
Bosiram Siram
Bosiram Siram is an Indian National Congress politician, appointed president of the Arunachal Pradesh Congress Committee in June 2025 after serving as the state's education minister.
Bosman ruling
Bosman ruling: ECJ judgment of 15 December 1995, Case C-415/93, from Jean-Marc Bosman's dispute with RFC Liège; ended transfer fees for out-of-contract EU players and nationality quotas, reshaping football's transfer market.
Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark
The Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible mark (konvertibilna marka) is the country's currency, issued by a currency board and fixed to the euro at 1.95583 per euro since 1997.
Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar
The Bosnia and Herzegovina dinar was the wartime currency issued by newly independent Bosnia and Herzegovina from 1992 to 1998, when the convertible mark replaced it.
Bosnia Eyalet
The Bosnia Eyalet (Bosna Eyaleti) was an Ottoman province in the Balkans, raised from a sanjak in 1580 because of Bosnia's strategic importance and ceded to Austria-Hungary in 1878.
Bosniaks (Бошњаци)
Bosniaks (Bošnjaci, Бошњаци), the South Slavic Muslim nation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; official name under the 1995 Dayton Accord, formerly called Bosnian Muslims; speak Bosnian.
Bosnian Church
The Bosnian Church (Crkva bosanska) was the strongest religious organization of the medieval Bosnian state, formed in the 13th century and vanishing with the state's collapse in the mid-15th century.
Bosnian Crisis
Bosnian Crisis (Annexation Crisis), 1908-1909: Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina, occupied since the 1878 Treaty of Berlin, against a Straits deal with Russia; Serbia and Montenegro mobilized, and the crisis became a step toward the July Crisis of 1914.
Bosnian epic poetry
Bosnian epic poetry is the South Slavic oral epic tradition of Bosnia and Herzegovina, sung by guslars to the gusle and studied by Milman Parry and Albert Lord.
Bosnian genocide
Bosnian genocide: judicially established genocide against Bosnian Muslims in the 1992-1995 war, centered on the July 1995 Srebrenica massacre of about 8,000 men and boys, confirmed by the ICTY and ICJ.
Bosnian language
Bosnian (bosanski jezik) is a standardized South Slavic language, one of three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina, spoken by about 2 million people; an Ijekavian Štokavian standard using Latin and Cyrillic scripts, with Ottoman-era Turkish, Arabic, and Persian loanwords.
Bosnian pyramid claims
Bosnian pyramid claims: Semir Osmanagić's 2005 assertion that hills at Visoko, Bosnia, are 12,000-year-old man-made pyramids; rejected by geologists and archaeologists as pseudoarchaeology, but still drawing tourism.
Bosnian Uprising (1831–1832)
The Bosnian Uprising (1831–1832) was a revolt in Ottoman Bosnia led by Husein-kapetan Gradaščević, the "Dragon of Bosnia", against the sultan's abolishing of the ayan system.
Bosnian War
The Bosnian War (1992-1995), also called the War in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was fought after Bosnia's independence from Yugoslavia; over 100,000 died, Srebrenica genocide occurred, and the Dayton Agreement ended it.
Bosnian-Herzegovinian uprising
The Bosnian-Herzegovinian uprising (Босанско-херцеговачки устанак) was a revolt of Orthodox Christian peasants against Muslim landowners and Ottoman rule that began in eastern Herzegovina in July 1875.
Bosnians
Bosnians are the inhabitants of Bosnia and Herzegovina; the civic term Bosnian (Bosanac) differs from Bosniak (Bošnjak), the Muslim ethnic group, alongside Bosnian Serbs and Croats, censuses, and post-Dayton politics.
Boso
Boso (died 970) was a Benedictine monk of Regensburg who became the first bishop of Merseburg, consecrated in 968, and a missionary among the Sorbs.
Bosporan Kingdom
Bosporan Kingdom, also Kingdom of the Cimmerian Bosporus: ancient Greco-Scythian state at the Straits of Kerch, capital Panticapaeum; ruled by the Spartocids from 438 BC, then Mithridates VI and Roman client kings, ending in the 4th century AD.
Bostanai
Bostanai, also written Bustanai ben Ḥaninai (c. 618–670), is identified in Jewish tradition as the first Exilarch of Babylonia after the Arab conquest of the Sasanian Empire.
Bostanzâde Mehmed Efendi
Bostanzâde Mehmed Efendi (1535-1598) was an Ottoman scholar who served twice as shaykh al-Islam under Murad III and Mehmed III, and is known for his 52-couplet verse fatwa on coffee.
Bostar (at Saguntum)
Bostar was a Carthaginian general of the Second Punic War who guarded Spanish hostages at Saguntum, which the Iberian noble Abelux tricked him into surrendering in 217 BC.