139 articles
Purified water
Purified water, also called DI water or pure water, is water from any source treated to remove chemicals, dissolved solids, and microbes to a defined standard.
R. C. Harris Water Treatment Plant
The R. C. Harris Water Treatment Plant, also known as the R. C. Harris Filtration Plant, is Toronto's largest drinking water plant, opened in 1941 and nicknamed "The Palace of Purification" for its Art Deco architecture.
Rapid sand filter
A rapid sand filter, also called a rapid gravity filter, passes chemically pre-treated water downward through coarse sand at high rates, typically 5 to 15 m³/m²/h, and is cleaned by backwashing.
Ras Al-Khair Power and Desalination Plant
The Ras Al-Khair Power and Desalination Plant is a large hybrid power and water complex on Saudi Arabia's Gulf coast that supplies desalinated water to Riyadh.
Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis is a water purification process in which pressure drives water through a semipermeable membrane while dissolved salts are retained. It is the dominant technology for seawater desalination.
Saline Water Conversion Corp
Saline Water Conversion Corp (المؤسسة العامة لتحلية المياه المالحة), known as SWCC, was a Saudi government corporation that desalinated seawater, established by royal decree in 1974.
Sand filter
A sand filter is a water treatment device that passes water through a bed of sand to trap particles and microorganisms, used in municipal and household drinking water treatment.
Secondary treatment
Secondary treatment is the stage of wastewater treatment that uses biological processes, usually aerobic microorganisms, to remove dissolved and finely suspended organic matter left after primary settling, chiefly by activated sludge and trickling filters.
Sedimentation (water treatment)
Sedimentation in water treatment is a solid-liquid separation process in which suspended particles settle by gravity in a quiescent basin, used for clarification in drinking water and wastewater plants.
Septic drain field
A septic drain field, also called a leach field, is the part of an onsite septic system where perforated pipes release effluent into soil that filters it before it reaches groundwater.
Septic tank
A septic tank is a buried, water-tight container that treats household wastewater on site, settling solids as sludge, floating grease as scum, and draining effluent to a soil drainfield.
Sequencing batch reactor
A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) is a wastewater treatment process in which aeration, reaction, settling, and decanting occur sequentially in one tank, treating municipal and industrial wastewater.
Sewage sludge
Sewage sludge is the semi-solid residue of municipal and industrial wastewater treatment, containing organic matter, nutrients, and microorganisms; treated sludge applied to land is called biosolids.
Sewage sludge treatment
Sewage sludge treatment, also called sludge treatment, is the set of processes that reduce volume, destroy pathogens, and prepare sewage sludge for land application, landfilling, or incineration.
Sewage treatment
Sewage treatment, also known as wastewater treatment, removes pollutants from wastewater from homes and businesses before release into local waterways, protecting public health and clean water.
Shafdan
Shafdan (Hebrew: שפדן), formally the Dan Region Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation Project, is Israel's largest wastewater treatment plant, serving about 2.5 million people near Tel Aviv.
Slow sand filter
A slow sand filter is a drinking-water treatment device in which water passes slowly through fine sand, whose biologically active surface layer removes pathogens; first used at Paisley, Scotland, in 1804.
Sludge thickening
Sludge thickening is a sludge treatment step that removes water from wastewater sludge to reduce volume and lower downstream costs, using gravity, dissolved air flotation, centrifuges, or gravity belts.
Solar still
A solar still, a form of solar distillation, is a device that purifies saline or contaminated water using only sunlight, collecting condensed vapor as fresh water.
Solar water disinfection
Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a household water treatment method in which contaminated water in transparent PET bottles is exposed to sunlight for at least 6 hours, inactivating pathogens.
Solar water disinfection system
A solar water disinfection system uses sunlight to inactivate drinking water pathogens through ultraviolet radiation, heat, or both, in regions without reliable treated water supplies.
Solar-powered desalination unit
A solar-powered desalination unit is a water-treatment system that uses heat or photovoltaic electricity from sunlight to remove salt from seawater or brackish water, producing fresh water off-grid.
Sorek Desalination Plant
The Sorek Desalination Plant is a seawater reverse-osmosis plant on Israel's Mediterranean coast near Tel Aviv, producing 624,000 m³ of drinking water daily, about 20% of Israel's municipal water demand.
Stickney Water Reclamation Plant
The Stickney Water Reclamation Plant in Cicero, Illinois, near Chicago, is widely considered the world's largest wastewater treatment plant, cleaning about 700 million gallons of wastewater daily since 1930.
Tap water
Tap water, also called piped water, is water supplied through a public distribution network for drinking, cooking, and household uses, treated to meet legally enforceable quality standards.
Tertiary treatment
Tertiary treatment is the third major stage of wastewater treatment, applied after primary and secondary treatment to produce higher-quality effluent through filtration, disinfection, and nutrient removal.
Thames Gateway Water Treatment Works
Thames Gateway Water Treatment Works, also called the Thames Water Desalination Plant, is a desalination plant at Beckton in east London, opened in 2010 as the first large-scale desalination plant in the United Kingdom.
The Devil We Know
The Devil We Know is a 2018 American documentary directed by Stephanie Soechtig examining how DuPont's Parkersburg, West Virginia plant released the Teflon chemical C8 (PFOA) into drinking water, and residents' litigation.
Total dissolved solids
Total dissolved solids (TDS) is the mass of dissolved salts and organic matter in water, reported in mg/L as a measure of how mineralized the water is.
Total suspended solids
Total suspended solids (TSS) is the mass of particles in water retained on a filter and dried to constant weight, a core wastewater and surface-water quality parameter reported in mg/L.