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Truss bridge
A truss bridge is a bridge whose load-carrying superstructure is a truss, a triangular framework whose members carry axial tension or compression, making efficient use of timber, iron, or steel.
Truss bridges in the United States
Truss bridges in the United States are metal bridges whose loads are carried by tension and compression frameworks; about 7,300 survive, mostly built between 1900 and 1930.
Tsing Ma Bridge
The Tsing Ma Bridge (青马大桥) is a double-deck suspension bridge in Hong Kong carrying road and rail traffic between Tsing Yi and Ma Wan, opened in May 1997.
Tubular bridge
A tubular bridge is a railway bridge whose track runs through a self-supporting wrought iron box girder, invented by Robert Stephenson in Wales in the late 1840s.
Tumalo Irrigation District
Tumalo Irrigation District (TID) is a public irrigation district in Deschutes County, Oregon, delivering water from Tumalo Creek and the Deschutes River to about 7,400 acres near Tumalo.
Tuned liquid damper
A tuned liquid damper is a passive vibration-control device in which sloshing water, in a rigid tank, absorbs a structure's vibrational energy without springs or moving parts.
Túnel de la Línea
Túnel de la Línea is an 8.65-kilometer road tunnel between Calarcá and Cajamarca in Colombia's Central Andes, opened in 2020 as the longest road tunnel in Latin America.
Tungabhadra Dam (ತುಂಗಭದ್ರಾ ಅಣೆಕಟ್ಟು)
Tungabhadra Dam, also called Pampa Sagar, is a masonry gravity dam across the Tungabhadra River near Hospet, Karnataka, India, first impounded in 1953 as a joint irrigation project of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
Tungabhadra Project
The Tungabhadra Project is a multipurpose inter-state dam and canal project on the Tungabhadra River near Hospet, Karnataka, built jointly by the former states of Madras and Hyderabad.
Tunnel
A tunnel is a horizontal underground passage excavated beneath the surface or, by cut-and-cover, built in a trench and backfilled, carrying roads, railways, water, sewage, and cables.
Tunnel and Reservoir Plan
The Tunnel and Reservoir Plan (TARP), called the Deep Tunnel, is a Chicago system of deep tunnels and reservoirs that reduces flooding and sewer overflows.
Tunnel boring machine
A tunnel boring machine (TBM) is a large machine that excavates circular tunnels through rock or soil with a rotating cutterhead, erecting the tunnel's concrete lining as it advances.
Tunnel boring machine operation
Tunnel boring machine operation is the practice of launching a TBM underground, boring through variable ground, and salvaging or burying it, judged by advance rate and utilization.
Tunnel construction
Tunnel construction is the set of civil engineering methods for excavating and supporting passages through soil, rock, or under water, from cut-and-cover trenches to tunnel boring machines deep underground.
Tunnel construction in the 19th century
Tunnel construction in the 19th century was the transformation of tunnelling into an industrial branch of civil engineering, driven by railways between 1830 and 1900.
Tunnel construction in urban areas
Tunnel construction in urban areas builds transport and utility tunnels beneath cities, where dense buildings and live traffic constrain the work; the main methods are cut-and-cover, sequential excavation, and tunnel boring machines.
Tunnel drainage and water management
Tunnel drainage and water management is the set of structures and systems that capture, convey, treat, and discharge water in tunnels, from groundwater seepage to firefighting water.
Tunnel fire and life-safety systems
Tunnel fire and life-safety systems are the detection, suppression, lighting, signage, and escape provisions that let people evacuate a tunnel fire within 5 to 15 minutes.
Tunnel fire safety
Tunnel fire safety is the branch of fire safety engineering concerned with preventing, controlling, and surviving fires in road and railway tunnels, covering ventilation, detection, suppression, and evacuation.
Tunnel instrumentation and deformation monitoring
Tunnel instrumentation and deformation monitoring is the systematic measurement of ground and lining movement during tunnel construction, the core feedback loop of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method.
Tunnel lining
A tunnel lining is the permanent structural shell of a finished tunnel, typically concrete or shotcrete, that supports the ground, keeps water out, provides fire resistance, and defines the usable space.
Tunnel lining design
Tunnel lining design is the structural engineering discipline that sizes the permanent support inside an excavated tunnel to carry earth pressure, water pressure, and surface loads throughout its service life.
Tunnel monitoring and instrumentation
Tunnel monitoring and instrumentation is the practice of observing a finished tunnel's structural condition over time using sensors, tracking deformation, strain, and pressures to identify when inspection or repair is needed.
Tunnel of Eupalinos
Tunnel of Eupalinos (Ευπαλίνειο όρυγμα), 1,036 m 6th-century BC aqueduct tunnel through Mount Kastro, Samos, dug from both ends by Eupalinos of Megara under Polycrates; part of UNESCO's Pythagoreion and Heraion site.
Tunnel portal
A tunnel portal is the engineered transition structure at each end of a tunnel, retaining cut slopes, controlling water and rockfall, and dissipating pressure waves on high-speed railways.
Tunnel safety engineering
Tunnel safety engineering is the discipline of analyzing and regulating risks in road and rail tunnels, covering quantitative risk assessment, evacuation modeling, and EU rules like Directive 2004/54/EC.
Tunnel structural components and fittings
Tunnel structural components and fittings are the discrete parts of a finished tunnel beyond the lining itself, including cross-passages between bores, niches, lay-bys, separation walls, and portal transitions.
Tunnel support jumbo
A tunnel support jumbo, usually called a drilling jumbo, is a mobile, generally self-propelled carrier fitted with hydraulic booms that drills the blast holes at the face of a tunnel or mine drift.
Tunnel ventilation
Tunnel ventilation is the engineered movement of air through operating road, rail, or utility tunnels to dilute pollutants, remove heat, and control smoke during a fire.
Tunnel ventilation system
A tunnel ventilation system is the engineered arrangement of fans, ducts, shafts, and dampers that dilutes vehicle pollutants in a tunnel and controls smoke during a fire.