edgepedia

Architecture, buildings, and civil works

5,208 articles

SM Nuvali

SM Nuvali, also known as SM City Nuvali, is a shopping mall by SM Prime Holdings in Santa Rosa, Laguna, Philippines, set to open in November 2026.

Smalls Lighthouse

Smalls Lighthouse is an active Trinity House lighthouse standing on the Smalls rocks in the Irish Sea about 21 miles west of St David's Head, Pembrokeshire, Wales.

Smart glass

Smart glass, also called switchable glass or smart windows, is window glass that alternates between clear and tinted states on demand, cutting cooling and lighting energy in buildings.

SMART Tunnel

The SMART Tunnel (Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel) is a 9.7 km tunnel beneath Kuala Lumpur whose central 3 km section doubles as a double-deck motorway, the first tunnel to combine the two functions.

Smith Mountain Lake

Smith Mountain Lake is a 20,600-acre reservoir in south-central Virginia near Roanoke, created in 1963 by damming the Roanoke River as part of Appalachian Power's pumped storage project.

Smithfield Street Bridge

The Smithfield Street Bridge is a steel lenticular through-truss highway bridge over the Monongahela River in Pittsburgh, designed by Gustav Lindenthal and opened in 1883, the oldest river bridge still standing in Allegheny County.

Smokehouse

A smokehouse is a small outbuilding where meat or fish is preserved and flavored by smoke after curing with salt, common on farms until about 1930.

Smolen–Gulf Bridge

The Smolen–Gulf Bridge is a covered road bridge in Ashtabula County, Ohio, opened in 2008 as the longest covered bridge in the United States at 613 feet.

Smoothie King Center

The Smoothie King Center, formerly New Orleans Arena, is an indoor arena in New Orleans and home of the NBA's New Orleans Pelicans, opened in 1999.

Snail darter controversy

The snail darter controversy was a 1970s legal conflict in which the endangered snail darter fish halted the nearly completed Tellico Dam in Tennessee until Congress exempted it in 1979.

SNI 1726

SNI 1726, the Indonesian standard Tata Cara Perencanaan Ketahanan Gempa, governs earthquake-resistant design of buildings and non-building structures; the current edition is SNI 1726:2019, based on the 2017 Indonesian Seismic Hazard Map and ASCE 7-16.

Snow Hill tunnel (London)

Snow Hill tunnel is a short railway tunnel beneath Smithfield Market in central London, opened in 1866 and reopened in 1988 to carry the Thameslink route between Blackfriars and Farringdon.

Snow load

Snow load is the vertical load that accumulated snow and ice impose on a roof or other structure, treated in structural design as a live environmental load.

Snowy Mountains Scheme

The Snowy Mountains Scheme, also known as the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme, is a hydro-electricity and irrigation complex in southern New South Wales, Australia, built between 1949 and 1974.

Snyder's synthetic unit hydrograph

Snyder's synthetic unit hydrograph is an empirical method published by Franklin F. Snyder in 1938 that constructs a unit hydrograph for ungauged watersheds from measurable basin characteristics.

Sobha Singh (ਸੋਭਾ ਸਿੰਘ) (builder)

Sir Sobha Singh (ਸੋਭਾ ਸਿੰਘ; 1890–1978) was an Indian building contractor and real estate developer who built much of New Delhi after 1911 and was the father of writer Khushwant Singh.

Society of Architectural Historians

The Society of Architectural Historians (SAH) is an international nonprofit organization founded in 1940 to promote the study and conservation of architecture, landscapes, and urbanism.

Sod house

The sod house, known on the frontier as a "soddy," was a home built from blocks of prairie grass and earth, used by Great Plains homesteaders where timber was scarce.

Soffit

A soffit is the finished underside of an architectural element such as an eave, arch, beam, or stair, often carrying vents that ventilate the attic.

SoFi Stadium

SoFi Stadium is a 70,000-seat stadium in Inglewood, California, opened in 2020 as home to the Los Angeles Rams and Chargers, built at a cost of about $5 billion.

Soft story

A soft story is a building story, often an open ground floor, whose lateral stiffness is much lower than the stories above it, making it vulnerable in earthquakes.

Sogamoso Dam

The Sogamoso Dam, commercially Hidrosogamoso, is a 190-meter-high hydroelectric dam on the Sogamoso River in Santander, Colombia, built by Isagen between 2009 and 2014 with an installed capacity of 820 MW.

Soil mechanics

Soil mechanics is the branch of applied mechanics that predicts the performance of earth structures and foundations from soil properties, founded by Karl Terzaghi in 1925.

Soil nailing

Soil nailing is a geotechnical construction method that reinforces in-place soil with steel bars drilled and grouted into a slope or excavation face, stabilizing cuts built from the top down.

Soil stabilization

Soil stabilization is a geotechnical method that improves the strength and durability of weak soils by blending soil gradations or mixing in additives like lime, cement, fly ash, or bitumen.

Soil–structure interaction analysis

Soil–structure interaction (SSI) analysis is an engineering method modeling how soil deformation and stiffness modify a structure's seismic response, using direct or substructure methods, notably for nuclear power plants.

Solar chimney

A solar chimney heats air with sunlight so it rises through a vertical channel, ventilating a building or, at large scale, driving turbines to generate electricity.

Solar still

A solar still, a form of solar distillation, is a device that purifies saline or contaminated water using only sunlight, collecting condensed vapor as fresh water.

Solar water disinfection

Solar water disinfection (SODIS) is a household water treatment method in which contaminated water in transparent PET bottles is exposed to sunlight for at least 6 hours, inactivating pathogens.

Solar water disinfection system

A solar water disinfection system uses sunlight to inactivate drinking water pathogens through ultraviolet radiation, heat, or both, in regions without reliable treated water supplies.