28 articles
Air bleed (fuel cells)
Air bleed is the injection of a few percent air into the hydrogen stream of a fuel cell anode to oxidize carbon monoxide poisoning the platinum catalyst.
Alkaline fuel cell
The alkaline fuel cell (AFC) is a fuel cell that converts hydrogen and oxygen into electricity using a potassium hydroxide electrolyte, and powered Apollo and Space Shuttle spacecraft.
Ammonia SOFC
An ammonia SOFC is a solid oxide fuel cell that uses ammonia as its fuel, splitting it into hydrogen inside the hot anode for carbon-free electricity generation.
Bloom Energy Server
The Bloom Energy Server is a modular solid oxide fuel cell system made by Bloom Energy that converts natural gas, biogas, or hydrogen into on-site electricity without combustion.
Carbon corrosion at fuel cell cathodes during start/stop cycling
Carbon corrosion at fuel cell cathodes during start/stop cycling is oxidation of the platinum catalyst's carbon support, driven by cathode potentials up to 1.6 V when a hydrogen/air front forms.
Co–N–C single-atom ORR catalysts
Co–N–C single-atom ORR catalysts are platinum-free electrocatalysts with isolated cobalt atoms in nitrogen-doped carbon that catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells and zinc–air batteries.
Direct ammonia fuel cell
A direct ammonia fuel cell (DAFC) is a fuel cell that feeds ammonia directly as fuel, converting its chemical energy to electricity without upstream hydrogen production.
Direct formic acid fuel cell
A direct formic acid fuel cell is a fuel cell that converts liquid formic acid directly into electricity, studied since the early 2000s for portable power.
Direct-methanol fuel cell
A direct-methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a fuel cell that converts liquid methanol directly into electricity, pursued for portable and remote power despite methanol crossover limiting its performance.
Fe-N-C cathode for PEM fuel cells
An Fe-N-C cathode is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell electrode whose iron-nitrogen-carbon catalyst, with single iron atoms on nitrogen sites, replaces platinum for oxygen reduction.
Gas diffusion electrode
A gas diffusion electrode (GDE) is a porous composite electrode bringing gas, electrolyte, and catalyst into contact at three-phase interfaces, used in fuel cells and CO2 reduction.
Iron single-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction in fuel cells
Iron single-atom catalysts for oxygen reduction are platinum-group-metal-free electrocatalysts in which isolated iron atoms bonded to nitrogen in carbon, chiefly FeN₄ sites, catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells.
Iron–nitrogen–carbon catalysts
Fe-N-C, short for iron-nitrogen-carbon, is a platinum-free fuel cell catalyst class whose atomically dispersed iron-nitrogen sites catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction, though durability remains its weakness.
Iron–nitrogen–carbon catalysts for acidic fuel cells
Iron–nitrogen–carbon (Fe–N–C) catalysts are non-precious-metal electrocatalysts made of atomically dispersed iron sites on nitrogen-doped carbon, the most active platinum-free catalysts for oxygen reduction in acidic fuel cells.
Membrane electrode assembly
A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is the layered core of a PEM fuel cell or water electrolyzer, where the electrochemical reactions occur and which largely determines efficiency, lifetime, and cost.
Membrane humidifier
A membrane humidifier is a heat and mass exchanger that humidifies the inlet air of proton exchange membrane fuel cells without moving parts or external water.
Mixed ionic-electronic conducting electrode
A mixed ionic-electronic conducting (MIEC) electrode conducts both ions and electrons, extending electrochemical reactions beyond the triple-phase boundary in solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells.
Mn–N–C catalysts
Mn–N–C catalysts are electrocatalysts with atomically dispersed manganese coordinated by nitrogen in a carbon matrix, studied as platinum-free catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
MOF-based proton exchange membranes
MOF-based proton exchange membranes are fuel-cell electrolyte membranes that use metal–organic frameworks as polymer fillers or self-standing films, investigated as cheaper, less water-dependent alternatives to Nafion.
Molten carbonate fuel cell
A molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) is a high-temperature fuel cell that uses molten carbonate salts as its electrolyte and operates at about 650 degrees C for stationary power generation.
Nickel-YSZ electrode
A nickel-YSZ electrode is a composite of metallic nickel and a porous yttria-stabilized zirconia ceramic that serves as the fuel electrode in solid oxide fuel cells and electrolysis cells.
Ostwald ripening and coalescence degradation in PEM fuel cell catalysts
Ostwald ripening and coalescence degradation are the two sintering pathways by which platinum nanoparticles in PEM fuel cell catalyst layers grow during operation, cutting active surface area.
Phosphoric acid fuel cell
A phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) uses concentrated phosphoric acid as its electrolyte and runs at 150 to 200 °C; it was the first fuel cell type commercialized.
Platinum dissolution and platinum band formation in fuel cells
Platinum dissolution in fuel cells is the electrochemical loss of platinum from a PEMFC cathode, a degradation pathway where dissolved ions form a platinum band in the membrane.
Platinum-cobalt alloy catalyst
A platinum-cobalt alloy catalyst is a carbon-supported nanoparticle electrocatalyst used in fuel cell cathodes, which reduces oxygen faster than pure platinum while using less of it.
Platinum-ruthenium anode catalyst
A platinum-ruthenium anode catalyst, or PtRu, is a bimetallic electrocatalyst, usually alloy nanoparticles on carbon, used in direct methanol fuel cells for its carbon monoxide tolerance.
Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
A proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an electrochemical device that converts hydrogen and oxygen into electricity through a thin polymer membrane, powering most small stationary fuel cells by count.
SGL Carbon SIGRACET GDL
SIGRACET GDL is a brand of porous carbon gas diffusion layers made by German company SGL Carbon for PEM fuel cells, widely used in fuel cell research.