19 articles
Autothermal reforming
Autothermal reforming (ATR) is a process for converting hydrocarbon fuels, most often natural gas, into synthesis gas by partial oxidation and steam reforming in a single reactor.
Chemical looping partial oxidation
Chemical looping partial oxidation (CLPO) is a fuel-conversion process in which a metal oxide oxygen carrier partially oxidizes methane or biomass into synthesis gas, then regenerates with air in a separate step.
Chemical looping reforming
Chemical looping reforming (CLR) is a process that converts methane or other fuels into synthesis gas using a circulating metal oxide oxygen carrier, enabling inherent CO2 capture.
Dry reforming of methane
Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is a catalytic process converting methane and carbon dioxide into synthesis gas, a hydrogen and carbon monoxide mixture usable for fuels.
Ethanol steam reforming
Ethanol steam reforming is a catalytic process in which ethanol reacts with steam above 500 °C to produce hydrogen, studied as a renewable route from bioethanol.
Geologic hydrogen
Geologic hydrogen, also called natural, native, white, or gold hydrogen, is hydrogen formed underground by natural processes, first produced commercially at Bourakébougou, Mali, after 1987.
Glycerol reforming
Glycerol reforming is the catalytic conversion of glycerol, the main by-product of biodiesel manufacture, into hydrogen-rich gas, studied as a renewable hydrogen route since the 2000s.
Hydrogen Production Model
The hydrogen production model is a combined experimental and analytical representation, built by JAERI and JAEA, of a steam methane reforming plant coupled directly to Japan's HTTR high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.
Levidian LOOP
Levidian LOOP is a modular methane-splitting system by Cambridge company Levidian Nanosystems that uses microwave plasma to crack methane into graphene and hydrogen without carbon dioxide.
Membrane reforming
Membrane reforming is a hydrogen production technique that combines steam reforming of hydrocarbons with in situ hydrogen separation through a palladium membrane, allowing conversion at lower temperatures.
Methane pyrolysis
Methane pyrolysis, also called methane decomposition or methane cracking, is a process splitting methane into hydrogen and solid carbon without CO2, yielding turquoise hydrogen at temperatures of 800 to 1600 °C.
Methanol steam reforming
Methanol steam reforming (MSR) is the catalytic reaction of methanol with steam to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, run at 200 to 300 °C over copper catalysts to supply PEM fuel cells.
Molten-metal methane pyrolysis
Molten-metal methane pyrolysis is a hydrogen production process in which methane bubbles through molten metal or salt near 1000 °C, splitting into hydrogen and solid carbon without producing carbon dioxide.
Partial oxidation
Partial oxidation is an exothermic reforming process in which a hydrocarbon fuel reacts with limited oxygen, producing synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
Plastic-to-hydrogen
Plastic-to-hydrogen is a family of chemical processes that convert waste plastics into hydrogen gas, appealing because polyolefins contain 14 to 17 percent hydrogen and the processes consume plastic waste.
Sorption-enhanced steam reforming
Sorption-enhanced steam reforming (SESR, or SE-SMR) is a process-intensified hydrogen production technology in which a solid sorbent captures CO2 as it forms, shifting equilibrium toward hydrogen purity above 95%.
Supercritical water gasification
Supercritical water gasification (SCWG) is a thermochemical process that converts wet biomass and waste into hydrogen-rich gas with water above its critical point, requiring no drying.
Thermocatalytic decomposition of methane
Thermocatalytic decomposition of methane, also called catalytic methane decomposition or pyrolysis, is a process that splits methane into hydrogen and solid carbon over a catalyst, without forming carbon oxides.
Tri-reforming
Tri-reforming of methane (TRM) is a catalytic process that combines steam reforming, dry reforming, and partial oxidation in one reactor, converting methane with flue gas into syngas.