286 articles
Iontronic memristor
An iontronic memristor is a memristive device whose conductance depends on the history of applied voltages through ion movement, emulating biological synapses in soft materials for neuromorphic computing.
IPS panel
An IPS panel (in-plane switching) is a type of liquid-crystal display known for wide viewing angles and stable color, developed by Hitachi in 1995 and common in computer monitors.
JFET
A JFET, or junction field-effect transistor, is a voltage-controlled transistor that conducts at zero gate voltage and is turned off by a reverse-biased PN junction gate.
Josephson photomultiplier
The Josephson photomultiplier is a superconducting detector for single microwave photons, proposed in 2009 and used in qubit readout, quantum sensing, and dark-matter axion searches.
JST connector
A JST connector is a small wire-to-board or wire-to-wire connector in the style of the Japanese manufacturer J.S.T. Mfg. Co., such as the PH, XH, and SH series.
Junction temperature
Junction temperature is the temperature of the active region of a semiconductor laser, LED, or power device, which sets its threshold, wavelength, efficiency, and lifetime, and always runs above the case or heatsink temperature.
Junction temperature estimation
Junction temperature estimation is the set of electrical, optical, and model-based methods for determining a semiconductor junction's temperature inside a packaged device, used for reliability testing and thermal management.
LDMOS
LDMOS, or laterally diffused metal oxide semiconductor, is a power MOSFET structure and the dominant silicon technology for high-power RF amplifiers in cellular base stations below 3 GHz.
Lead-free solder
Lead-free solder is a solder alloy with no more than 0.1% lead by weight, per the EU's RoHS Directive, used in electronics assembly since 2006.
LED-backlit LCD
An LED-backlit LCD, often marketed as an LED TV, is a liquid crystal display whose white backlight comes from light-emitting diodes rather than the cold-cathode fluorescent lamps of earlier LCDs.
Leyden jar
The Leyden jar, also spelled Leiden jar and first made by Ewald Georg von Kleist in 1745, is a glass jar that stores static electricity, the first electrical capacitor.
Light-emitting diode
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current passes through it; the first practical visible LED was made by Nick Holonyak Jr. in 1962.
Linear variable differential transformer
A linear variable differential transformer, or LVDT, is an inductive transducer that measures linear displacement, popularized by Herman Schaevitz in 1946 and widely used in aerospace and industry.
Liquid crystal on silicon
Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a reflective microdisplay technology in which liquid crystal sits on a silicon backplane, used chiefly in projectors and augmented reality headsets.
Liquid metal electronics
Liquid metal electronics are electronic circuits, sensors, and thermal interfaces built from gallium alloys liquid at room temperature, such as EGaIn and Galinstan, enabling stretchable, self-healing wearable and soft-robotic devices.
Liquid metal reconfigurable electronics
Liquid metal reconfigurable electronics are circuits, antennas, and sensors built from liquid gallium alloys like EGaIn and Galinstan, whose shape and electrical function change mechanically, electrically, or thermally.
Litz wire
Litz wire, from the German Litzendraht meaning woven wire, is a conductor of many thin insulated strands twisted together to reduce AC resistance from about 10 kHz to 1–2 MHz.
Low-temperature co-fired ceramic
Low-temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) is a multilayer substrate technology in which printed glass-ceramic tape layers are stacked and co-fired at 800–900 °C with conductive metals.
LTPS TFT
An LTPS TFT is a thin-film transistor whose channel is low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, crystallized on glass below 600 °C; its high mobility makes it the standard backplane for smartphone and wearable OLED and LCD displays.
Magnetic wormhole
A magnetic wormhole is a laboratory device built from metamaterials that transfers a static magnetic field between two points, undetectable from outside, first demonstrated in Barcelona in 2015.
Magnon transistor
A magnon transistor is a three-terminal device that controls the flow of magnons, the quasiparticles of spin waves, first demonstrated in 2014 in yttrium iron garnet by Chumak, Serga, and Hillebrands.
Memtransistor
A memtransistor is an electronic device combining the memory of a memristor with transistor gate control, realized in 2018 at Northwestern University using molybdenum disulfide.
MESFET
A MESFET, or metal-semiconductor field-effect transistor, is a transistor whose metal gate forms a Schottky barrier with the channel, usually in gallium arsenide, enabling operation at microwave frequencies.
Metal-halide lamp
A metal-halide lamp is a high-intensity discharge lamp that makes light from an electric arc through mercury vapor and metal-halide salts, first announced commercially by General Electric in 1962.
Metasurface vortex beam generators
Metasurface vortex beam generators are flat optical devices built from subwavelength meta-atoms that convert incident light into vortex beams carrying orbital angular momentum for communications.
Microbolometer
A microbolometer is a thermal infrared detector in which absorbed radiation heats a sensing element, changing its resistance; arrays of them form uncooled thermal cameras, typically using vanadium oxide.
Microchannel plate detector
A microchannel plate detector is a vacuum electron multiplier: a thin glass plate of millions of microscopic channels that detects and images photons, electrons, and ions.
Molecular electronics
Molecular electronics, also called moletronics, is a research field studying single molecules wired between electrodes as electronic components such as diodes, switches, and transistors, founded on Aviram and Ratner's 1974 molecular rectifier proposal.
Molex connector
A Molex connector, also known as a Molex plug, is the 4-pin peripheral power connector delivering +12 V and +5 V to disk drives, fans, and other internal PC peripherals.
Monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors
Monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistors are transistors whose conducting channel is a single atomic layer of molybdenum disulfide, a semiconductor about 0.7 nm thick with a direct bandgap near 1.8 eV.