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Gallium arsenide solar cell
A gallium arsenide solar cell is a photovoltaic device that converts sunlight more efficiently than silicon and tolerates radiation better, making it the standard power source for spacecraft.
Gaofen
Gaofen (高分, "high resolution") is a Chinese series of high-resolution Earth observation satellites and the space-based component of CHEOS, launched since Gaofen-1 in 2013 for disaster, agriculture, and mapping uses.
Gaojing
Gaojing (高景, "high resolution view"), marketed internationally as SuperView, is a Chinese commercial high-resolution Earth observation satellite series owned by China Siwei, launched from 2016 and delivering sub-meter imagery.
Garmin eTrex
The Garmin eTrex is a line of rugged handheld GPS receivers made by Garmin for outdoor navigation, first announced in 1999 as Garmin's best-selling outdoor product.
Gas-generator cycle
The gas-generator cycle is an open liquid rocket engine power cycle in which a small fraction of propellant burned in a gas generator drives the turbine pumps, with exhaust dumped overboard.
GBAS
The Ground Based Augmentation System (GBAS) is an aviation navigation system that augments GNSS signals with ground-station corrections for precision approach and landing, as an alternative to the ILS.
GEM 63
The GEM 63 (Graphite Epoxy Motor 63) is a solid rocket booster built by Northrop Grumman that augments the Atlas V rocket, replacing the Aerojet Rocketdyne AJ-60A.
Gemini 10
Gemini 10, also known as Gemini X, was a 1966 NASA Gemini mission flown by John Young and Michael Collins that set a crewed altitude record.
Gemini 2
Gemini 2, also written Gemini II, was NASA's uncrewed suborbital test flight of January 19, 1965, proving the spacecraft's heat shield before the first crewed mission.
Gemini 4
Gemini 4 was the second crewed mission of NASA's Gemini program, a four-day June 1965 flight by James McDivitt and Edward White that included the first American spacewalk.
Gemini 5
Gemini 5 was a 1965 NASA Gemini mission flown by Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad that set a crewed spaceflight endurance record of nearly eight days.
Gemini 8
Gemini 8, also written Gemini VIII, was a 1966 NASA mission on which Neil Armstrong and David Scott performed the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit.
Gemini spacecraft
The Gemini spacecraft was a two-crew, Earth-orbital spacecraft built by McDonnell Aircraft for NASA's Project Gemini, which flew ten crewed missions in 1965 and 1966.
Gene Kranz
Gene Kranz, born Eugene Francis Kranz in 1933, is a retired NASA flight director who led the team that returned Apollo 13 to Earth in 1970.
General Purpose Heat Source
The General Purpose Heat Source (GPHS) is a modular plutonium-238 fuel block, designed by Los Alamos National Laboratory, that supplies heat to spacecraft radioisotope power systems.
Geocentric orbit
A geocentric orbit, also called an Earth-centered orbit, is the path of any object circling Earth, from low orbits to the geostationary ring at 35,786 km.
GeoEye
GeoEye was an American commercial satellite imagery company headquartered in Dulles, Virginia, formed in 2006 and best known for GeoEye-1, then the highest-resolution commercial imaging satellite.
George A. Harter
George A. Harter was an American aerospace engineer who led the Atlas ICBM reentry vehicle work and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1981.
George J. Gleghorn
George J. Gleghorn, also recorded as George Jay Gleghorn, is an aerospace engineer who retired as Vice President and Chief Engineer of TRW's Space and Technology Group.
George K. Muellner
George K. Muellner (1943–2019) was an American aeronautical engineer and retired Air Force lieutenant general who led Boeing's Phantom Works and directed the program that became the Joint Strike Fighter.
George W. Jeffs
George W. Jeffs (1924–2019) was an American aerospace engineer and Rockwell International executive who directed the Apollo command and service module program through nine lunar missions.
GEOStar
GEOStar is a family of geostationary commercial communications satellite buses developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation and now produced by Northrop Grumman, with more than 50 satellite contracts.
Geostationary transfer orbit
The geostationary transfer orbit, also known as the geosynchronous transfer orbit or GTO, is a highly elliptical parking orbit with perigee near low Earth orbit and apogee at geostationary altitude.
Geosynchronous satellite
A geosynchronous satellite is an artificial satellite whose orbital period matches Earth's rotation, circling at about 35,900 km above the surface; a circular equatorial one appears motionless.
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) is a three-stage expendable rocket developed by India's ISRO, first flown in 2001 to place communication satellites into geostationary transfer orbit.
Geosynchronous transfer using electric propulsion
Geosynchronous transfer using electric propulsion is the technique of raising a communications satellite to geostationary orbit with low-thrust electric thrusters over months, saving about 40% launch mass.
Gerald Carr (astronaut)
Gerald Paul Carr, known as Jerry Carr, was an American NASA astronaut and Marine Corps colonel who commanded Skylab 4, the final crewed mission to the Skylab space station, in 1973 and 1974.
Gerard W. Elverum
Gerard W. "Jerry" Elverum was an American rocket-propulsion engineer who directed TRW's Apollo Lunar Module descent engine, the throttleable engine that landed astronauts on the Moon.
German Aerospace Center
The German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) is Germany's national research and technology center for aeronautics, space, energy, transport, security, and defense, headquartered in Cologne.
German Space Operations Center
The German Space Operations Center (GSOC), Germany's national spacecraft control center at DLR's Oberpfaffenhofen site near Munich, has operated satellites and crewed missions, including the ISS Columbus laboratory, since 1969.