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Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 1
Blue Moon Pathfinder Mission 1, named Endurance, is the first flight of Blue Origin's Blue Moon Mark 1 robotic cargo lander, targeted for the Moon's south pole in early 2027.
Blue Origin
Blue Origin is a private American aerospace company founded by Jeff Bezos in 2000 in Kent, Washington, known for the reusable New Shepard suborbital and New Glenn orbital rockets.
Blue Origin NS-31
Blue Origin NS-31 was a suborbital spaceflight launched on April 14, 2025, carrying six women, including Katy Perry and Gayle King, past the Kármán line aboard New Shepard.
BlueWalker 3
BlueWalker 3, also known as BW3, is a prototype communications satellite launched by AST SpaceMobile in 2022 to test direct broadband connectivity to unmodified smartphones.
Boeing 702
The Boeing 702 is a family of large geostationary communications satellite buses announced by Hughes Space and Communications in 1995, with the first launched in 1999.
Boeing Starliner
Boeing Starliner is a reusable crew spacecraft developed by Boeing for NASA to fly astronauts to the International Space Station, launched on an Atlas V rocket.
Boeing X-37
The Boeing X-37, or X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle, is an uncrewed reusable spaceplane built by Boeing and flown by the US Space Force as a classified technology testbed.
Boil-off
Boil-off is the vaporization of cryogenic propellants, such as liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, caused by heat leaking into their storage tanks; spacecraft typically vent the vapor, losing propellant.
Boostback, reentry and landing operations
Boostback, reentry and landing operations are the maneuvers a launch vehicle's first stage performs after staging to shed 1.5 to 2 km/s and touch down intact, using boostback, entry, and landing burns.
BRITE
BRITE (BRIght Target Explorer) is a constellation of six nanosatellites operated by Austria, Canada, and Poland, launched from 2013 to 2014 for precise optical study of the brightest stars.
BRITE-Constellation
BRITE-Constellation is a fleet of six nanosatellites operated by Austria, Canada, and Poland that performs two-color photometry of the brightest stars, launched between 2013 and 2014.
British Aerospace HOTOL
HOTOL, or Horizontal Take-Off and Landing, was a 1980s British Aerospace and Rolls-Royce unmanned spaceplane concept designed to reach orbit from a runway; funding was withdrawn in 1988.
British space programme
The British space program, also known as the UK Space Program, is the United Kingdom's space activity, spanning the UK Space Agency, defense space, and about 1,900 space companies.
Broglio Space Center
The Broglio Space Center (Centro Spaziale Luigi Broglio) is an Italian Space Agency facility near Malindi, Kenya, that launched nine satellites from offshore platforms between 1967 and 1988.
Bruce McCandless II
Bruce McCandless II, born Byron Willis McCandless, was an American naval aviator and NASA astronaut who made the first untethered spacewalk in 1984, floating free using the Manned Maneuvering Unit jetpack.
BSS-702HP
The BSS-702HP, also marketed as the Boeing 702HP, is a high-power geostationary communications satellite bus built by Boeing Satellite Systems, introduced in 1997 and first launched in 1999.
Budget of NASA
The budget of NASA, also called the NASA budget, is the annual federal funding for the agency, about $24.8 billion in fiscal 2025, down from an Apollo-era peak of 4.4 percent of federal spending in 1966.
Buran (spacecraft)
Buran (Буран, "Snowstorm") was a Soviet reusable space orbiter developed by NPO Molniya. It made a single, fully automated uncrewed flight in 1988, before cancellation in 1993.
Buran programme
The Buran programme (Буран, "snowstorm"), also called the Shuttle Buran program, was the Soviet Union's reusable space shuttle project, launched unmanned once in 1988 and canceled in 1993.
Bureau 1440 (Бюро)
Bureau 1440 (Бюро 1440) is a Russian private aerospace company founded in 2020 that develops Rassvet, a low Earth orbit satellite internet constellation targeting commercial service in 2027.
Burst Alert Telescope
The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) is the wide-field gamma-ray imager on NASA's Swift observatory, detecting bursts, computing their positions on board, and triggering the spacecraft to slew.
Bussard ramjet
The Bussard ramjet, also called the Bussard interstellar ramjet or ramscoop, is a hypothetical interstellar propulsion concept proposed by Robert W. Bussard in 1960 that collects hydrogen with a magnetic scoop.
Buzz Aldrin
Buzz Aldrin, born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr., is an American astronaut who was the second person to walk on the Moon during Apollo 11 in 1969.
California Science Center
The California Science Center, formerly the California Museum of Science and Industry, is a state science museum in Los Angeles and home of the space shuttle Endeavour.
Canadarm
Canadarm, formally the Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS), is the family of robotic arms built by Canada for spaceflight, first deployed in 1981 and flying 90 space shuttle missions until 2011.
Canadian Space Agency
The Canadian Space Agency (CSA, Agence spatiale canadienne) is the Government of Canada agency for the civil space program, created in 1989 and best known for the Canadarm robotics.
Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex
The Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex (CDSCC) is a NASA Deep Space Network radio antenna facility at Tidbinbilla, near Canberra, Australia, opened in 1965 and managed by CSIRO.
Canceled Apollo missions
The canceled Apollo missions were Apollos 18, 19, and 20, NASA's final three planned lunar landings, cut in 1970 for budgetary reasons, with their hardware diverted to Skylab and museums.
Cancelled uncrewed spacecraft programs
Cancelled uncrewed spacecraft programs are proposed cargo, technology-demonstrator, and orbital-servicing vehicles terminated before flight, including NASA's OSAM-1 refueling mission, shut down in 2024 at about $2 billion.
CanSat
A CanSat is a satellite simulation built inside a soft drink can, designed, built, and launched by student teams as a first practical experience of a space project.