61,984 articles
Leakage-based interference alignment
Leakage-based interference alignment is a family of distributed algorithms for MIMO interference networks in which transmitters and receivers iteratively adjust beamforming vectors to minimize interference leaking into desired signal subspaces.
Leaky bucket
The leaky bucket is a traffic-control algorithm that models data as water in a bucket draining at a fixed rate, used for shaping and policing network traffic.
Leaky integrate-and-fire model
The leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) model is a simplified mathematical model of a neuron, proposed by Louis Édouard Lapicque in 1907, that fires when its membrane potential reaches a threshold.
Leaky wave antenna
A leaky wave antenna (LWA) is a traveling-wave antenna that leaks energy along an open waveguide, scanning its beam by frequency without phase shifters or mechanical steering.
Lean launchpad
Lean LaunchPad is an evidence-based entrepreneurship course created by Steve Blank at Stanford University in 2011, in which teams test business model hypotheses through weekly customer interviews; the NSF adopted it as I-Corps.
Lean manufacturing
Lean manufacturing, also called lean production or lean management, is a management system aimed at eliminating waste, derived from Toyota's production system and popularized in 1990.
Lean NOx trap
The lean NOx trap (LNT), also called a NOx adsorber, is an automotive emission-control device that stores and reduces nitrogen oxides from lean-burn engine exhaust.
Lean premixed combustion
Lean premixed combustion is a gas turbine combustion mode that thoroughly mixes fuel and air before burning, cutting thermal NOx emissions to 9 to 25 ppm and marketed as DLN or DLE.
Lean software development
Lean software development, also known as Lean programming, applies principles from Toyota's product development system to software, formulated as seven principles by Mary and Tom Poppendieck in 2003.
Lean-burn
Lean-burn is an engine operating mode in which the air-fuel mixture contains more air than needed for complete combustion, improving efficiency and lowering NOx emissions.
Leaning Tower of Pisa
The Leaning Tower of Pisa (Torre pendente di Pisa) is the freestanding bell tower of Pisa Cathedral in Pisa, Italy, famous for its unintended tilt.
LEAP Hand
LEAP Hand is a low-cost, dexterous robotic hand developed at Carnegie Mellon University for machine learning research, with 16 actuated degrees of freedom on four fingers.
Leapmotor A05
The Leapmotor A05 (零跑A05), sold globally as the Leapmotor B03, is a compact all-electric hatchback from Chinese manufacturer Leapmotor, launched in Hangzhou in August 2026.
Leapmotor B03X
The Leapmotor B03X, sold in China as the Leapmotor A10, is a compact electric crossover SUV built by Chinese manufacturer Leapmotor, first shown in November 2025 and launched in 2026.
Leapmotor B05
The Leapmotor B05, sold in China as the Lafa5, is a compact electric hatchback from Chinese automaker Leapmotor, which premiered in Munich in 2025 and launched in China that November.
Leapmotor B10 (零跑B10)
Leapmotor B10 (零跑B10) is a compact battery-electric C-segment SUV built by Chinese manufacturer Leapmotor, launched in China on 10 April 2025 and sold in Europe through a Stellantis joint venture.
Leapmotor C10 (零跑C10)
Leapmotor C10 is a mid-size electric and range-extender SUV from Chinese maker Leapmotor, launched in China in 2024 and sold in Europe from September 2024.
Leapmotor C16 (零跑C16)
Leapmotor C16 (零跑C16) is a mid-to-large six-seat SUV from the Chinese electric vehicle maker Leapmotor, launched in China in June 2024 with battery electric and extended-range powertrains.
Leapmotor D19 (零跑D19)
Leapmotor D19 (零跑D19), Leapmotor's full-size flagship SUV and first LEAP 4.0 D-series model, launched April 16, 2026 at 219,800–269,800 yuan in EREV and BEV versions with up to 1,300 km combined CLTC range.
Leapmotor T03
The Leapmotor T03 is a small five-door battery-electric city car built by Chinese maker Leapmotor, launched in 2020 and sold in Europe since September 2024 through Stellantis's Leapmotor International.
Learjet
Learjet is a family of twin-engine business jets created by Bill Lear, first flown in 1963 and produced in Wichita, Kansas; Bombardier built the last one in 2021.
Learjet 35
The Learjet 35, also bought by the US Air Force as the C-21A, is a light business jet certified in 1974, with the 35A becoming the highest-production Learjet variant.
Learjet 45
The Learjet 45, also known as the Lear 45 XR, is a twin-engine midsize business jet built by Bombardier in Wichita, Kansas, flown from 1995 until production ended in 2012.
Learjet 60
The Learjet 60 is a midsize business jet produced by Learjet, a Bombardier company, in Wichita, Kansas, type-certified in 1993 as a Learjet 55 derivative.
Learjet 70/75
The Learjet 70/75, also called the Bombardier Learjet 70 and 75, are light business jets built in Wichita and the final Learjet models, produced from 2013 to 2022.
Learned perceptual image patch similarity
Learned perceptual image patch similarity (LPIPS) is an image quality metric proposed by Richard Zhang and colleagues in 2018 that compares images through deep neural network features.
Learned sparse retrieval
Learned sparse retrieval (LSR) is a family of first-stage neural ranking methods that encode queries and documents as sparse, non-negative vectors over a vocabulary-sized space, so learned matching runs on standard inverted indexes built for BM25.
Learner's permit
A learner's permit, also known as a provisional license, is an entry-level driving license letting novices practice on public roads only when supervised by a qualified licensed driver.
Learning automata
A learning automaton is a stochastic decision-making device that updates action probabilities from a reinforcement signal, a foundation of reinforcement learning introduced by Tsetlin in 1961.
Learning classifier system
A learning classifier system (LCS) is a rule-based evolutionary machine learning method that combines a genetic algorithm with reinforcement or supervised learning, originating with John Holland and refined by Stewart Wilson's 1995 XCS.