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Magistral (Mistral AI)
Magistral is a family of reasoning language models developed by Mistral AI, announced in June 2025 with an open-weight Magistral Small and a proprietary Magistral Medium.
Maglev
Maglev, short for magnetic levitation, is a class of trains levitated and propelled by magnetic forces without contact, capable of speeds up to 603 km/h.
MagLIF
MagLIF (Magnetized Liner Inertial Fusion) is a magneto-inertial fusion concept pursued at Sandia's Z machine since 2013, using magnetized, laser-preheated fuel in an imploding liner.
Maglite
Maglite is a brand of flashlights made by Mag Instrument, an American manufacturer founded by Anthony Maglica, introduced in 1979 for police, firefighters, and mechanics.
Magma (multimodal agent foundation model)
Magma is an 8-billion-parameter multimodal foundation model for AI agents released by Microsoft Research in February 2025, combining vision-language understanding with action-taking in digital interfaces and robotic manipulation.
Magma geothermal energy
Magma geothermal energy is the extraction of heat from shallow magmatic bodies or the superhot fluids above them to generate electric power, first demonstrated in Iceland in 2009.
Magna International
Magna International Inc. is a Canadian automotive parts supplier headquartered in Aurora, Ontario, founded by Frank Stronach in 1957 and reporting sales of $42.0 billion in 2025.
Magna Steyr
Magna Steyr is an Austrian complete-vehicle contract manufacturer and engineering company in Graz, owned by Canada's Magna International, best known for building the Mercedes G-Class since 1979.
Magnavox
Magnavox, also known as Philips Magnavox, is an American consumer electronics brand formed in 1917, best known for the Magnavox Odyssey, the first home video game console.
Magnesium alloy
A magnesium alloy is a metal alloy with magnesium as its base, combined with elements like aluminum and zinc to improve strength, used where weight reduction matters.
Magnesium battery
A magnesium battery is a rechargeable cell using a magnesium metal anode, first demonstrated by Doron Aurbach in 2000, promising high capacity and safety but blocked by cathode and electrolyte limits.
Magnesium hydride
Magnesium hydride (MgH₂) is a white solid compound of magnesium and hydrogen, first synthesized in 1951, with a high 7.6 wt% hydrogen capacity but slow kinetics.
Magnesium oxychloride cement
Magnesium oxychloride cement, also called Sorel cement, is a non-hydraulic cement reported by Stanislas Sorel in 1866, valued for high strength but long limited by poor water resistance.
Magnesium phosphate cement
Magnesium phosphate cement is a fast-setting cement formed by reacting magnesium oxide with an acid phosphate; it hardens quickly even below freezing and repairs concrete.
Magnesium-sulfur battery
The magnesium-sulfur battery (Mg-S battery) is a rechargeable battery pairing a magnesium anode with a sulfur cathode, first demonstrated in 2011 by Toyota researchers and still in early laboratory development.
Magnet URI scheme
A magnet URI, or magnet link, is a link that identifies content by a cryptographic hash instead of a server location, letting BitTorrent clients join a peer-to-peer swarm without downloading a .torrent file first.
Magnetic bearing
A magnetic bearing supports a rotating shaft with magnetic forces rather than contact, holding the rotor levitated; active designs use sensors, electromagnets, and feedback control.
Magnetic coupling
A magnetic coupling is a device that transmits torque between shafts through a magnetic field alone, letting sealless pumps contain fluids hermetically with no leaks.
Magnetic drum memory
Magnetic drum memory is early computer storage that records data as magnetized patterns on a rotating metal cylinder, serving as the main memory of 1950s computers.
Magnetic encoder
A magnetic encoder is a motion-feedback sensor that converts shaft position into an electrical signal by sensing a magnet's field with Hall-effect or magnetoresistive elements.
Magnetic flux leakage
Magnetic flux leakage is a nondestructive testing method that detects corrosion and metal loss in ferromagnetic materials by measuring the magnetic field leaking at defects.
Magnetic flux leakage inspection
Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) inspection is a non-destructive testing method that magnetizes steel pipelines and detects corrosion, metal loss, and fractures from the flux leaking at defects.
Magnetic gear
A magnetic gear transfers torque between rotating shafts through magnetic fields rather than meshing teeth, so the sides never touch; the dominant coaxial design was proposed at Sheffield in 2001.
Magnetic helical microswimmers
Magnetic helical microswimmers are micron-scale corkscrew devices propelled by rotating magnetic fields, modeled on bacteria like E. coli; the best-known synthetic version is ETH Zurich's artificial bacterial flagella.
Magnetic indoor localization
Magnetic indoor localization determines position inside buildings by measuring Earth's magnetic field distortions from steel structures, requiring no dedicated infrastructure since smartphones and robots have magnetometers.
Magnetic levitation
Magnetic levitation, also known as maglev or magnetic suspension, is the suspension of an object in air by magnetic forces alone, applied in high-speed trains and frictionless bearings.
Magnetic particle inspection
Magnetic particle inspection, also called magnetic particle testing, is a nondestructive testing method that finds surface cracks in ferromagnetic materials by attracting particles to leaking magnetic flux.
Magnetic pulse welding
Magnetic pulse welding (MPW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a pulsed electromagnetic force to accelerate one workpiece into another, mainly for tubular lap joints.
Magnetic refrigeration
Magnetic refrigeration is a cooling technology that pumps heat by cyclically magnetizing and demagnetizing a solid, exploiting the magnetocaloric effect instead of refrigerant gases; prototypes exist, but no mass-market product was available as of 2020.
Magnetic refrigerator
A magnetic refrigerator is a cooling device that pumps heat by magnetizing and demagnetizing a magnetocaloric material instead of compressing refrigerant gas, offering a refrigerant-free alternative to vapor compression.