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Technology and the built world

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Nippon Carbon

Nippon Carbon is a Japanese manufacturer of carbon products, founded in 1915 and headquartered in Tokyo, known for graphite electrodes, carbon fibers, and lithium-ion battery anode materials.

Nippon Express

Nippon Express (日本通運) is a Japanese logistics company founded in 1937 that links land, sea, and air transportation and ranks 4th among global freight forwarders in 2026.

Nippon Expressway Company

Nippon Expressway Company, known as NEXCO, is the collective name for the three Japanese companies that operate most of Japan's expressways, created by privatization in 2005.

Nippon Kokan

Nippon Kokan (日本鋼管, NKK) was a Japanese steelmaker and heavy-industry company founded in 1912 as Japan's first steel pipe manufacturer; it merged into JFE Holdings in 2002.

Nippon Steel (日本製鉄)

Nippon Steel (日本製鉄), also known as Nippon Steel Corporation, is Japan's largest steelmaker and the world's third largest, formed by mergers in 1970 and 2012.

NIPPON STEEL Chemical & Material Co., Ltd.

NIPPON STEEL Chemical & Material Co., Ltd. (日鉄ケミカル&マテリアル) is a Japanese chemicals and materials company, wholly owned by Nippon Steel, producing chemicals from steelworks byproducts.

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (日本電信電話)

Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (日本電信電話), known as NTT Corporation, is Japan's core telecommunications carrier, privatized from state ownership in 1985 and parent of NTT DOCOMO and NTT DATA.

NIPSCO

NIPSCO, or Northern Indiana Public Service Company, is a regulated utility headquartered in Merrillville, Indiana, serving about 900,000 gas and 500,000 electric customers across northern Indiana.

Nir Shavit

Nir Shavit is an Israeli computer scientist, professor at MIT and Tel Aviv University, known for software transactional memory and winning the 2004 Gödel Prize.

Nir Tessler

Nir Tessler is a professor of electrical engineering at the Technion in Israel who works on organic semiconductor devices and halide perovskite solar cells, including a 1996 Nature polymer lasing paper.

NIR-II organic photodetectors

NIR-II organic photodetectors are light sensors built from organic semiconductors that detect 1000 to 1700 nm radiation, offering a flexible, low-cost alternative to InGaAs detectors.

Nirbhay (निर्भय)

Nirbhay (निर्भय) is India's first indigenously developed long-range subsonic cruise missile, built by DRDO in Bengaluru. First flown in 2013, it suffered repeated test failures and never entered service.

NIRCam

NIRCam, the Near-Infrared Camera, is the primary near-infrared imager on the James Webb Space Telescope, covering 0.6 to 5 microns and led by Marcia Rieke.

Niren Murthy

Niren Murthy is an American bioengineer and professor of bioengineering at UC Berkeley known for biodegradable polymers and lipid nanoparticles that deliver drugs and gene-editing machinery into cells.

NIRISS

NIRISS (Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph) is a near-infrared camera and slitless spectrograph on the James Webb Space Telescope, provided by the Canadian Space Agency and used to observe exoplanets, brown dwarfs, and distant galaxies.

NIRSpec

NIRSpec, the Near-Infrared Spectrograph, is a science instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope covering 0.6 to 5.3 micrometers, provided by the European Space Agency.

NIS Directive

The NIS Directive was the first EU-wide cybersecurity legislation, adopted in 2016, requiring national strategies, incident reporting, and cooperation bodies; it was replaced by the NIS2 Directive from 2024.

NIS2 Directive

The NIS2 Directive (Directive (EU) 2022/2555) is a European Union cybersecurity law, signed on 14 December 2022, that replaces NIS1, covers 18 critical sectors, and imposes incident reporting duties.

NISAR

NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) is a joint NASA and ISRO satellite launched on July 30, 2025, the first to collect radar data in two microwave bands.

Nishi-Nagoya thermal power station

Nishi-Nagoya thermal power station (西名古屋火力発電所) is an LNG-fired power station in Tobishima, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, operated by JERA and recognized by Guinness World Records as the world's most efficient combined-cycle plant.

Nishimatsu Construction

Nishimatsu Construction (西松建設) is a Japanese general contractor headquartered in Tokyo. Founded in 1874, it builds civil engineering structures, including tunnels and dams, in Japan and overseas.

Nismo (ニスモ)

Nismo (ニスモ), from NISsan MOtorsport, is Nissan's motorsports and performance subsidiary founded September 1984 in Omori, Tokyo; since 2022 part of Nissan Motorsports & Customizing, running Formula E, Super GT, parts, and NISMO road cars.

NiSource Inc.

NiSource Inc. is an American energy holding company headquartered in Merrillville, Indiana, whose regulated natural gas and electric utilities, including NIPSCO, serve about 3.7 million customers in six states.

Nissan

Nissan, formally Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., is a Japanese automaker headquartered in Yokohama, established in 1933, selling over 60 models under the Nissan and INFINITI brands.

Nissan 180SX

The Nissan 180SX was a Japanese-market rear-wheel-drive hatchback coupe built on the S13 platform shared with the fifth-generation Silvia, sold from 1989 until the end of 1998.

Nissan 200SX

Nissan 200SX is a nameplate applied across diverse global markets and periods, covering rear-wheel-drive sport coupes from 1977 to 1988, and specific models like the S13 and S14.

Nissan 240SX

The Nissan 240SX is a rear-wheel-drive sports coupe sold in North America from 1989 to 1998, related to the Japan-market Silvia and later prized for drifting.

Nissan 300ZX

The Nissan 300ZX, sold in Japan as the Fairlady Z, is a sports coupe produced in two generations, the Z31 (1983–1989) and Z32 (1989–2000), named for its 3.0-liter V6.

Nissan 350Z

The Nissan 350Z, known as the Fairlady Z (Z33) in Japan, is a two-seat, rear-wheel-drive sports car produced from 2002 to 2008, selling over 250,000 units.

Nissan 370Z

The Nissan 370Z (chassis code Z34, sold in Japan as the Fairlady Z) is a two-seat rear-wheel-drive sports coupe produced by Nissan from 2009 through 2020.