Technology and the built world

Organic synaptic transistors

Organic synaptic transistors are organic semiconductor devices that mimic biological synapses by changing conductance with voltage pulses, underpinning neuromorphic computing and biocompatible bioelectronics, often built as organic electrochemical transistors.

Organic tandem solar cell

An organic tandem solar cell (OTSC) is a photovoltaic device stacking two or more organic subcells that absorb different parts of the solar spectrum, first demonstrated in 1990.

Organic TFT backplane

An organic TFT backplane is a display transistor layer made of organic semiconductors, processable below 100 °C on plastic and used in flexible E Ink and OLED displays.

Organic thermoelectric generator

An organic thermoelectric generator (OTEG) is a solid-state device that converts low-grade heat into electricity using flexible, printable organic semiconductors, aimed chiefly at wearable energy harvesting and Internet-of-Things sensors.

Organic thermoelectrics

Organic thermoelectrics (OTE) are thermoelectric materials based on conjugated polymers and small molecules that convert heat into electricity or pump heat for cooling, pursued for their flexibility, low weight, and solution processability.

Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles

The Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA), or International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, is the world federation of automobile industry trade associations, founded in Paris in 1919.

Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones

The Organismo Supervisor de Inversión Privada en Telecomunicaciones (OSIPTEL) is Peru's independent telecommunications regulator, created in 1991, which sets tariffs, oversees competition among operators, and resolves consumer complaints.

Organizationally unique identifier

An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) is a 24-bit number assigned by the IEEE Registration Authority that uniquely identifies a vendor or organization, forming the first three octets of a MAC address.

Organosolv pulping

Organosolv pulping is a chemical pulping method that dissolves lignin from wood using aqueous organic solvents, developed since the 1970s as an alternative to kraft pulping but never commercialized.

Orgov Radio-Optical Telescope

The Orgov Radio-Optical Telescope (ROT-54/2), also called the Herouni Mirror Radio Telescope, is a 54-meter fixed hemispherical radio telescope with a 2.6-meter optical telescope on Mount Aragats, Armenia.

Ori Industries

Ori Industries was a London-based AI cloud infrastructure company founded in 2018 by Mahdi Yahya that sold on-demand GPU computing, and in 2026 merged into Brookfield's Radiant.

Orica

Orica Limited is an Australian mining and infrastructure solutions company, founded in 1874 to supply explosives to the Victorian goldfields and now among the world's largest commercial explosives producers.

Orient Express

The Orient Express was a long-distance luxury passenger train service inaugurated in 1883 by the Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits, linking Paris with Constantinople (Istanbul) and running under various routes until 2009.

Orient Express (Accor)

Orient Express is a luxury travel brand owned by French hospitality group Accor, which acquired it from SNCF and extends the historic train's name to hotels, trains, and yachts.

Orient Express (rolling stock)

The rolling stock of the Orient Express is the sleeping and dining cars owned and staffed by the Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits, beginning with bogie cars introduced in 1883.

Orient Express Corinthian

Orient Express Corinthian is a 220-meter luxury sailing yacht built for Accor's Orient Express brand, described as the world's largest sailing yacht, launched in 2026.

Orient Overseas Container Line

Orient Overseas Container Line (OOCL; Chinese: 东方海外货柜航运公司) is a Hong Kong container shipping company founded by C Y Tung and owned since 2018 by COSCO SHIPPING Holdings.

Orient Watch (オリエント時計)

Orient Watch (オリエント時計) is a Japanese watch brand founded in 1950 that specializes in affordable mechanical wristwatches with in-house movements, and has been owned by Seiko Epson since 2017.

Orientation workspace

The orientation workspace of a manipulator is the set of all orientations its end-effector or mobile platform can attain while a reference point on it stays fixed.

Oriented strand board

Oriented strand board (OSB) is an engineered wood structural panel made of cross-oriented layers of strands bonded under heat and pressure, widely used in North American home construction as a plywood alternative.

Origami and kirigami mechanical metamaterials

Origami and kirigami mechanical metamaterials are architected materials in which folding or cutting a thin sheet creates 3D structures with tunable properties, used in robotics, medical devices, and aerospace.

Origami fabrication

Origami fabrication is a manufacturing approach that produces 3D structures, mechanisms, and robots by folding thin sheets along designed crease patterns, with applications from robotics to medical devices.

Origami mechanical metamaterial

An origami mechanical metamaterial is an architected material whose mechanical properties arise from fold patterns in a flat sheet, making properties programmable through geometry alone.

Origami soft robotic arm

An origami soft robotic arm is a lightweight robot manipulator built from folded crease patterns such as Kresling and Miura-ori, actuated by pneumatics, tendons, or both.

Origami-inspired soft robots

Origami-inspired soft robots are robots whose bodies are created by folding flat sheets into three-dimensional structures, pairing the adaptability of soft robotics with the strength of rigid panels.

Origin Materials

Origin Materials is an American sustainable-materials company in West Sacramento, California, founded in 2008 to convert cellulosic biomass into the chemical CMF, later pivoting to recyclable PET bottle caps.

Origin OS

Origin OS is an Android-based mobile operating system developed by Chinese smartphone maker vivo, first unveiled in November 2020 as the successor to Funtouch OS.

Origin Wukong

Origin Wukong (本源悟空) is a 72-qubit superconducting quantum computer developed by Origin Quantum of Hefei, China, launched in January 2024 and accessible worldwide through the company's cloud platform.

Original design manufacturer

An original design manufacturer (ODM) is a company that designs and manufactures products sold under another company's brand, especially laptops, smartphones, and servers, mainly in Taiwan and China.