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Technology and the built world

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Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771

Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 was a Los Angeles to San Francisco flight that crashed near Cayucos, California, in 1987 after a fired airline employee shot the crew, killing all 43 aboard.

Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182

Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 182 was a scheduled flight that collided with a Cessna 172 near San Diego's Lindbergh Field on September 25, 1978, killing 144 people.

Pacific Surfliner

The Pacific Surfliner is a state-supported intercity passenger train service operated by Amtrak along the Southern California coast from San Luis Obispo to San Diego.

Pacific Telecommunications Council

The Pacific Telecommunications Council (PTC) is a Honolulu-based nonprofit membership organization for the telecommunications and ICT industries, best known for its annual January conference in Hawai'i.

Pacific Telesis

Pacific Telesis Group was one of the seven Regional Bell Operating Companies created in the 1984 AT&T breakup, serving as the holding company for Pacific Bell and Nevada Bell.

Pacific Wave

Pacific Wave is a distributed Internet exchange point for research and education networks, run by CENIC and PNWGP since 2004 at sites from Seattle to Tokyo.

Pacific Western Airlines

Pacific Western Airlines was a Canadian airline operating from 1946 to 1987, which grew from bush flying in British Columbia and merged with CP Air to form Canadian Airlines International.

Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314

Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314 was a Boeing 737 that crashed at Cranbrook, British Columbia, on February 11, 1978, after a failed go-around killed 43 of 49 aboard.

Pack cementation

Pack cementation is a batch diffusion-coating process in which heated powder packs release halide vapors that deposit protective aluminum or chromium coatings on metal parts.

Package manager

A package manager is a tool that automates installing, updating, configuring, and removing software libraries and their dependencies, resolving versions to produce a dependency graph; examples include apt, npm, and pip.

Package on package

Package on package (PoP) is a semiconductor assembly method in which fully packaged chips, typically a mobile application processor and DRAM, are soldered in a vertical stack.

Package substrate

A package substrate is the multilayer board inside a semiconductor package that mechanically carries silicon dies and electrically routes their connections to the motherboard, often using Ajinomoto Build-up Film.

Package tour

A package tour, also known as a package holiday or inclusive tour, combines travel services like flights and accommodation at one price, pioneered by Thomas Cook.

Package treatment plant

A package treatment plant is a pre-manufactured wastewater treatment facility, built in a factory and shipped to a site, typically serving small communities or individual properties with flows between 0.01 and 0.25 MGD.

Packard

Packard, an American luxury automobile manufacturer, was founded in Warren, Ohio, in 1899 and produced over 1.6 million vehicles before discontinuing the marque in 1958.

Packard Bell

Packard Bell is a consumer electronics brand founded in 1926 in Los Angeles as a radio maker, later a major 1990s home PC seller now owned by Acer.

Packard V-1650 Merlin

The Packard V-1650 Merlin, also called the Packard Merlin, is the American-built version of the Rolls-Royce Merlin aero engine, made under license during World War II.

PackBot

PackBot is a family of man-portable tracked military robots developed by iRobot, used since 2002 for bomb disposal, reconnaissance, and CBRN detection by armies, police, and first responders.

Packed column (chemical engineering)

A packed column is a vertical vessel filled with packing material that brings rising gas into contact with descending liquid, enabling distillation, absorption, and stripping in chemical plants.

Packed Encoding Rules

Packed Encoding Rules (PER) are ASN.1 encoding rules specified in ITU-T X.691 that encode values more compactly than BER, mainly by omitting tags and lengths.

Packer (oil well tool)

A packer is a downhole device that expands to seal the wellbore annulus in oil and gas wells, isolating zones for controlled production, injection, or treatment.

Packet analyzer

A packet analyzer, also called a packet sniffer or protocol analyzer, is software or hardware that captures network traffic and decodes it into packets for troubleshooting, security, and forensics.

Packet assembler/disassembler

A packet assembler/disassembler (PAD) is a device or software function that converts asynchronous terminal character streams into X.25 packets, defined by ITU-T recommendations X.3, X.28, and X.29.

Packet boat

A packet boat is a vessel on a regular coastal, river, or canal route carrying passengers, freight, and mail, named for the mail packets it carried.

Packet capture

Packet capture is the interception and recording of network traffic as it crosses a network interface, performed by tools such as tcpdump and Wireshark for troubleshooting, protocol development, and forensics.

Packet filtering

Packet filtering is a basic firewall technique that inspects each packet's header fields, such as IP addresses, ports, and protocol, and accepts or drops it against rules.

Packet loss

Packet loss, also called packet dropping, is the failure of one or more transmitted data packets to reach their destination in a packet-switched network, usually caused by congestion.

Packet radio

Packet radio is digital data communication between amateur radio stations, which breaks messages into addressed frames sent over a shared radio channel, principally using the AX.25 protocol.

Packet switching

Packet switching, also called packet mode communication, is a method of transmitting data by splitting messages into packets that are routed independently and reassembled at the destination.

Packet Tracer

Cisco Packet Tracer is a cross-platform network simulation and visualization program developed by Cisco for its Networking Academy, letting students design, configure, and troubleshoot virtual networks without physical hardware.