Technology and the built world

Procedural animation

Procedural animation is motion a computer calculates at runtime from rules, algorithms, physics, or mathematical functions, allowing characters to adapt to terrain and forces no pre-authored clip could anticipate.

Procedural modeling

Procedural modeling is a computer graphics technique that generates 3D geometry, textures, and entire scenes algorithmically from rules and parameters, producing terrains, vegetation, roads, and cities for movies, games, and simulations.

Procedural programming

Procedural programming is a programming style in which code is organized into reusable procedures called with different arguments; C, Python, Fortran, and Pascal are primarily procedural languages.

Procedure word

A procedure word, commonly shortened to proword, is a NATO-approved word or phrase with a fixed meaning in military radio voice procedure; examples include ROGER, WILCO, OVER, and OUT.

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers

The Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers is a family of 18 peer-reviewed civil engineering journals published by ICE Publishing, with a lineage dating to 1836.

Procel

Procel, the National Program for the Conservation of Electric Energy, is Brazil's federal electricity-efficiency program, created in 1985 and coordinated by the Ministry of Mines and Energy.

PROCEPT BioRobotics

PROCEPT BioRobotics is a surgical robotics company headquartered in San Jose, California, whose AquaBeam and HYDROS systems perform Aquablation, a heat-free robotic waterjet treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Process (computing)

In computing, a process is an instance of a program in execution, with its own address space, CPU state, and resources; running the same program twice creates two processes.

Process engineering

Process engineering is the branch of engineering that designs, controls, and optimizes industrial processes converting raw materials into products, most prominently in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries.

Process flow diagram

A process flow diagram (PFD) is a schematic drawing used by chemical engineers to show a plant's process equipment, the streams connecting them, and stream conditions.

Process hazard analysis

Process hazard analysis is a structured, team-based evaluation of the hazards of an industrial process, required under OSHA's Process Safety Management standard and revalidated at least every five years.

Process intensification

Process intensification is a chemical engineering strategy for dramatic improvements in manufacturing by redesigning equipment so plants become much smaller, cleaner, safer, cheaper, and more energy efficient.

Process mapping

Process mapping is a technique for drawing a graphical representation of the events and sequences of activities in a process, used to document, analyze, and improve workflows.

Process mining

Process mining is a family of techniques that analyze event data recorded by information systems to discover, check, and improve business processes, using event logs recording cases, activities, and timestamps.

Process Monitor

Process Monitor (Procmon) is a Microsoft Sysinternals tool by Mark Russinovich that shows real-time file system, Registry, and process/thread activity on Windows, combining the legacy Filemon and Regmon utilities after Microsoft acquired Winternals Software in 2006.

Process reward model

A process reward model (PRM) is a machine learning model that scores each intermediate step of an AI reasoning trajectory, giving finer-grained supervision than outcome reward models.

Process reward models

A process reward model (PRM) is a model that scores each step of a language model's reasoning, rather than only the final answer, introduced by OpenAI in May 2023.

Process safety management

Process safety management (PSM) is a regulatory framework for identifying and controlling hazards of processes with hazardous chemicals, required by OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.119 since 1992.

Process supervision

Process supervision is an AI training technique that judges each intermediate step of a model's reasoning rather than only the final answer, improving reliability in math.

Process tomography

Process tomography is an imaging technique that reconstructs phase fraction, concentration, or velocity inside industrial vessels and pipelines from sensors mounted outside the vessel wall.

Process window (microlithography)

The process window in microlithography is the range of focus and exposure dose over which a printed feature stays within specification, usually plotted in the focus-dose plane.

Processing (programming language)

Processing is an open-source programming language and development environment for visual computing, built on Java and created in 2001 by Ben Fry and Casey Reas for artists and designers.

Processor (computing)

A processor, also known as a computer processor, is the part of a computer that executes instructions, covering CPUs, GPUs, NPUs, microcontrollers, and ASICs; the first commercial single-chip example was Intel's 4004 of 1971.

Processor design

Processor design, also known as CPU design, is the engineering of a processor at two levels: the instruction set architecture defining the instructions, and the microarchitecture implementing them in silicon.

Processor register

A processor register, also called a CPU register, is a small, fast storage location inside a CPU holding data the processor is actively working on.

Processor sharing

Processor sharing is a queueing discipline in which a single server divides its capacity equally among all jobs present; introduced by Leonard Kleinrock in 1967, it models round-robin time sharing.

Procgen

Procgen, or the Procgen Benchmark, is a suite of 16 procedurally generated game-like environments built by OpenAI, released in December 2019 to measure generalization in reinforcement learning.

Procore

Procore Technologies is an American company providing cloud-based construction management software connecting owners, contractors, architects, and engineers; it was founded in 2002 and went public in 2021.

Procreate (software)

Procreate is a raster graphics editor app for digital painting and drawing, developed by Savage Interactive for iPad and iPhone. Launched in 2011, it is sold as a one-time purchase and built around the Apple Pencil.