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Technology and the built world

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Railway Protection Force (रेलवे सुरक्षा बल)

The Railway Protection Force (रेलवे सुरक्षा बल) is an armed force of the Union of India under the Ministry of Railways, created by the Railway Protection Force Act, 1957.

Railway roundhouse

A railway roundhouse, also called a railroad roundhouse, is a circular engine shed whose stabling and repair roads radiate from a central turntable, letting locomotives be turned and spotted with a single movement.

Railway Safety Regulator

The Railway Safety Regulator is the South African public entity that oversees and enforces railway safety, established in 2002 and continued under the Railway Safety Act of 2024.

Railway semaphore signal

A railway semaphore signal is a fixed signal whose pivoted arm shows stop when horizontal and clear when inclined, introduced in Britain in 1841 and dominant through the steam era.

Railway signalling

Railway signaling, also called railroad signaling or railway traffic control, is the system of signals, track detection, and interlocking that keeps trains safely separated and prevents conflicting movements at junctions.

Railway station naming conventions

Railway station naming conventions are the rules and practices railways use to assign, disambiguate, rename, and code station names, balancing location, brevity, and uniqueness across systems.

Railway Technical Centre

The Railway Technical Centre in Derby, England, was British Rail's central research and engineering complex, opened in 1964 and described in 1979 as the world's largest railway research center.

Railway track

Railway track, also called the permanent way, is the structure of rails, fastenings, sleepers, and ballast or concrete slab, built to guide trains and carry wheel loads into the ground.

Railways in Melbourne

Railways in Melbourne, also known as the Melbourne train network, are Australia's largest metropolitan rail network, operated by Metro Trains Melbourne, with 219 stations radiating from the city center.

Rain fade

Rain fade is the reduction in radio signal strength caused by raindrops absorbing and scattering microwave energy, dominating satellite link attenuation above about 10 GHz.

Rain garden

A rain garden, or stormwater garden, is a shallow planted depression that collects stormwater runoff from roofs and driveways and lets it soak into the ground.

Rain gutter

A rain gutter, also called an eavestrough in Canada, is a channel along a roof's eaves that collects runoff and carries it through downspouts away from walls and foundations.

Rainbow (DQN variants)

Rainbow is a deep reinforcement learning agent introduced in 2017 by Matteo Hessel and colleagues at DeepMind, combining six DQN improvements into one agent that led the 57-game Atari benchmark.

Rainbow Bridge (Niagara Falls)

The Rainbow Bridge is an international steel arch bridge connecting Niagara Falls, New York, with Niagara Falls, Ontario. Completed in 1941, it replaced the ice-destroyed Honeymoon Bridge.

Rainbow Oil and Gas Field

The Rainbow Oil and Gas Field is a major oil and gas field in northwestern Alberta, Canada, discovered in 1965 near Rainbow Lake and still producing today.

Rainbow table

A rainbow table is a precomputed data structure for recovering passwords from unsalted cryptographic hashes, demonstrated in 2003 when 99.9% of alphanumeric Windows hashes cracked in 13.6 seconds.

Rainer Waser

Rainer Waser (born 1955 in Frankfurt am Main) is a German materials scientist at RWTH Aachen known for work on redox-based resistive switching and memristive devices.

Rainflow-counting algorithm

The rainflow-counting algorithm is a fatigue analysis method that converts an irregular load history into discrete cycles with ranges and means, introduced by Matsuishi and Endo in 1968.

Rainforest Connection

Rainforest Connection (RFCx) is an American nonprofit founded by physicist Topher White that uses solar-powered acoustic sensors and AI to detect illegal logging and poaching in real time.

Rainhill trials

The Rainhill trials, also known as the Rainhill locomotive trials, were an 1829 competition to choose a locomotive for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, won by Stephenson's Rocket.

Rainier Brewing Company

Rainier Brewing Company, also known as Rainier Beer, is a Seattle beer brand first produced under the Rainier name in 1893, now owned by Pabst.

Rainwater harvesting

Rainwater harvesting, also called rainwater collection or rainwater catchment, is the collection of rainwater from roofs and catchments for storage and later use, practiced for millennia and used today for both water supply and stormwater management.

Raised floor

A raised floor, also called an access floor, is an elevated floor on pedestals used in data centers to route cabling and distribute cooling air to equipment.

Raised pavement marker

A raised pavement marker is a device at least 10 mm high mounted on a road surface, used as a positioning guide or to supplement or replace pavement markings.

Raising of Chicago

The Raising of Chicago was a public works program begun in 1855 that raised city streets several feet and lifted buildings to install the first US sewer system.

Raising of dams

Raising of dams, also called dam heightening or crest raising, is the modification of an existing dam to increase its crest elevation, enlarging reservoir storage or restoring flood safety.

Raj N Singh

Raj N Singh is an American materials scientist at Oklahoma State University, elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2024 for pioneering ceramic matrix composites used in jet engines.

Raj Reddy

Raj Reddy (Dabbala Rajagopal Reddy), born 1937 in India, is an Indian-American computer scientist at Carnegie Mellon University who shared the 1994 Turing Award for pioneering large-scale artificial intelligence systems.

Raja Haji Fisabilillah-class patrol vessel

The Raja Haji Fisabilillah class, designated OPV 90M, is a class of Indonesian offshore patrol vessels built by PT Daya Radar Utama, with the lead ship launched in September 2024.

Rajagopal S. Raghavan

Rajagopal S. Raghavan is a petroleum reservoir engineer known for well test analysis, who retired from Phillips Petroleum in 2002 and joined the National Academy of Engineering in 2004.