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Reverse electrodialysis
Reverse electrodialysis (RED) is a membrane-based technology that generates renewable electricity, sometimes called blue energy, from the controlled mixing of seawater and river water using ion exchange membranes.
Reverse engineering
Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, analyzes an existing product, system, or program to recover knowledge of its design, function, or requirements when that knowledge is missing or withheld.
Reverse ETL
Reverse ETL (rETL, data activation, operational analytics) syncs modeled data from a data warehouse or lakehouse back out into operational tools like CRMs, marketing platforms, and ad systems, inverting traditional ETL's direction; typically batch, with conflict-resolution and latency limits.
Reverse image search
Reverse image search is a search method that submits an image as the query instead of text, returning matching or similar images and the pages containing them.
Reverse logistics
Reverse logistics is the movement of goods from their place of use back to their place of manufacture, sale, or disposal, covering returns, repair, remanufacturing, and recycling.
Reverse osmosis
Reverse osmosis is a water purification process in which pressure drives water through a semipermeable membrane while dissolved salts are retained. It is the dominant technology for seawater desalination.
Reverse proxy
A reverse proxy is a server that sits in front of origin servers, receives client requests as if it were the origin, and forwards them to servers behind it.
Reverse telephone directory
A reverse telephone directory, also known as a gray pages directory or criss-cross directory, indexes listings by phone number or address so users can find who owns a number.
Reverse-bias degradation of perovskite solar cells
Reverse-bias degradation is the efficiency loss perovskite solar cells suffer under negative voltage, typically when partial shading drives a cell in a series module below zero volts.
Reverse-conducting IGBT
A reverse-conducting IGBT (RC-IGBT) is a power semiconductor device that combines an IGBT and a freewheeling diode on one silicon chip, saving over 30% of the area.
Reversible data hiding
Reversible data hiding, also called lossless watermarking, embeds secret data in a cover image so both are recovered exactly, making it useful for medical, military, and forensic imagery.
Reversible hydration of MAPbI3
Reversible hydration of MAPbI3 is the uptake of water vapor by methylammonium lead iodide, a perovskite used in solar cells, forming hydrates that revert on drying.
Reversible lane
A reversible lane, also called tidal flow, carries traffic in one direction part of the day and the opposite direction another, shifting capacity to heavier demand.
Reversible solid oxide cell
A reversible solid oxide cell is a high-temperature electrochemical device whose one cell stack alternates between producing electricity from hydrogen or other fuels and splitting steam into hydrogen.
Revetment
A revetment is a sloping facing of erosion-resistant material such as stone or concrete that protects shorelines, riverbanks, and embankments against erosion, lying on the slope itself.
Revithoussa LNG Terminal
The Revithoussa LNG Terminal is Greece's liquefied natural gas import and regasification terminal on an islet near Megara, west of Athens. Commissioned in 2000, it supplies a quarter of Greek gas imports.
Revolut
Revolut is a British financial technology company founded in London in 2015 by Nik Storonsky and Vlad Yatsenko, offering app-based banking, currency exchange, and trading.
Revolution Wind
Revolution Wind is a 704-megawatt offshore wind farm in the Atlantic about 15 nautical miles southeast of Point Judith, Rhode Island, developed by Ørsted and Skyborn Renewables.
Revolver
A revolver, also called a six-shooter or wheelgun, is a repeating handgun whose rotating cylinder holds several chambers, each aligned in turn with one barrel; Samuel Colt patented the first workable design in 1835.
ReWalk Robotics
ReWalk Robotics, now Lifeward Ltd., is a medical device company founded in Israel in 2001 whose FDA-cleared ReWalk exoskeleton enables people with spinal cord injury to stand and walk.
Reward hacking
Reward hacking, also known as specification gaming, is a reinforcement learning failure in which an AI agent exploits flaws in its reward function and performs worse on the true goal.
Reward learning
Reward learning is a machine learning method that infers a reward function from human preferences, demonstrations, or ratings, and underlies RLHF fine-tuning of instruction-following language models like InstructGPT.
Reward model
A reward model is a learned function that scores candidate language model outputs according to human preferences, trained on pairwise comparisons and used as the optimization target in RLHF.
Reward model overoptimization (Gao et al.)
Reward model overoptimization is the drop in true task quality when a policy is optimized against a learned proxy reward model instead of the true objective.
Reward tampering
Reward tampering is an AI agent's inappropriate interference with its own reward process, modifying its reward function or its inputs, treated as a dangerous form of reward hacking.
RewardBench
RewardBench is the first benchmark and leaderboard for reward models, the scoring models used in RLHF, built by the Allen Institute for AI in 2024.
REX (robot)
REX is a family of unmanned ground vehicles built by Israel Aerospace Industries as an infantry robotic porter, carrying weapons, supplies, and equipment while autonomously following soldiers.
Rex A. Elder
Rex A. Elder, also known as Rex Alfred Elder, was an American hydraulic engineer who spent 31 years at the Tennessee Valley Authority and later led Bechtel's hydraulics group.
Rex NE oil field
Rex NE is a conventional onshore oil field in Arauca, Colombia, discovered in late 2017 and declared commercial in 2018, operated by SierraCol Energy near Caño Limón.
Rex Tillerson
Rex Wayne Tillerson is an American energy executive who led ExxonMobil as chairman and CEO from 2006 to 2016, then served as Secretary of State under President Trump.