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Technology and the built world

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Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users

The Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) is a United States federal law enacted in 2005, guaranteeing $244.1 billion for highways, safety, and transit.

SafeGraph, Inc.

SafeGraph, Inc. is an American data-as-a-service company founded in 2016 in Denver, Colorado, led by Auren Hoffman, that curates points-of-interest data and anonymized mobile location data.

Safeguard Mechanism (Australia)

The Safeguard Mechanism is Australia's carbon policy for its largest industrial facilities, requiring emissions to fall below declining baselines; reformed in 2023, it covers over 200 facilities.

Safetensors

Safetensors is a tensor serialization format created by Hugging Face in 2022 that stores tensors behind a JSON header, enabling safe, fast model loading without code execution.

Safety and working environment in shield tunnelling

Safety in shield tunnelling is the occupational control regime for shield machines: hyperbaric working rules, chamber entry, ventilation and fire management, and ground control during mining and ring erection.

Safety bicycle

The safety bicycle, with two equal wheels and chain drive to the rear wheel, replaced the penny-farthing in the late 1880s and remains the standard bicycle design.

Safety case (nuclear)

A nuclear safety case is the integrated set of arguments and evidence substantiating the safety of a radioactive waste disposal facility, defined by the NEA and IAEA.

Safety culture (nuclear)

Safety culture in the nuclear industry is the shared commitment by leaders and individuals to put safety over competing goals, coined by the IAEA after Chernobyl in 1986.

Safety culture in aviation

Safety culture in aviation is the set of shared values, beliefs, and practices concerning safety in an aviation organization, which ICAO treats as essential to safety management systems.

Safety data sheet

A safety data sheet (SDS), formerly a material safety data sheet (MSDS), is a standardized document supplied with hazardous chemicals that communicates hazards, handling precautions, and emergency measures to workplaces.

Safety filtering

A safety filter is a runtime control module that monitors a primary controller's commands and minimally modifies or overrides them to keep the system within safe constraints.

Safety Management

Safety management: organized policies, structures, and processes (safety management systems, SMS) for identifying hazards and controlling risk. Key frameworks: ILO-OSH 2001, ISO 45001:2018, ICAO Annex 19; evidence shows certified SMS lowers accident rates.

Safety management system

A safety management system (SMS) is a formal, top-down approach to managing safety risk, used most extensively in civil aviation and standardized by ICAO Annex 19 in 2013.

Safety neurons

Safety neurons are small sets of neurons in large language models that causally control safety behavior, chiefly refusing harmful prompts; the concept was introduced in 2025.

Safety razor

A safety razor is a shaving implement in which a guard protects the skin so only the blade's edge is exposed, replacing the skill-demanding cut-throat straight razor.

SAFFiR

SAFFiR, or Shipboard Autonomous Firefighting Robot, is a bipedal humanoid robot built by Virginia Tech for the United States Office of Naval Research to fight fires aboard naval vessels.

Safi power station

The Safi power station is a 1,386 MW coal-fired plant near Safi on Morocco's Atlantic coast, the first ultra-supercritical coal plant in Africa, opened in 2018.

Safran

Safran is a French high-technology group in aviation, defense, and space, formed in 2005 from Snecma and Sagem, employing over 110,000 people in more than 30 countries.

Safran Aircraft Engines

Safran Aircraft Engines, formerly SNECMA, is a French aircraft engine manufacturer and Safran's propulsion subsidiary, renamed in 2016. Through CFM International it builds the CFM56 and LEAP.

Safran Landing Systems

Safran Landing Systems, formerly Messier-Bugatti-Dowty and renamed in 2016, is a French subsidiary of the Safran group and the world leader in aircraft landing gear and carbon brakes.

Saft

Saft is a French battery manufacturer founded in 1918 and wholly owned by TotalEnergies since 2016, making nickel-based, lithium-ion, and primary lithium batteries for industry, aerospace, and energy storage.

Safwan field

Safwan field (حقل سفوان) is an onshore oil field in Basra province, southern Iraq, producing since 1989, the southeasternmost dome of the Zubair field that continues into Kuwait as the Abdali field.

Sag (bicycle setup)

Sag is the percentage of its travel that a bicycle's suspension compresses under the rider's weight, the foundational step in setting up mountain bike suspension.

Sag (power line)

Sag is the vertical drop of an overhead power line conductor between its two supports, deliberately built in to relieve tension but kept small enough to preserve ground and vegetation clearances.

Saga pattern

The saga pattern coordinates a business operation across services as a sequence of local transactions that either all complete or are undone by compensating transactions, replacing distributed ACID transactions.

Sagamore Hill

Sagamore Hill is the Queen Anne house on Long Island that Theodore Roosevelt made his home, serving as the Summer White House from 1902 to 1908.

Sagar Mala project

The Sagar Mala project, or Sagarmala, is India's flagship port-led development program of the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, launched in 2015 to reduce logistics costs.

Sagardighi Thermal Power Station

Sagardighi Thermal Power Station is a coal-fired power station at Sagardighi in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India, operated by the WBPDCL and expanded to 2,260 MW.

SAGE algorithm

The SAGE (space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization) algorithm generalizes EM by updating small parameter groups in turn, introduced by Fessler and Hero in 1994 and widely used in channel estimation.

Sage Group

Sage Group is a British software company, founded in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1981, that develops accounting, payroll, and HR software for small and mid-sized businesses.