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Soichiro Honda (本田宗一郎)
Soichiro Honda (本田宗一郎, 1906–1991) was a Japanese engineer and industrialist who founded Honda Motor in 1948, building it into the world's largest motorcycle producer and holding more than 100 patents.
Soil mechanics
Soil mechanics is the branch of applied mechanics that predicts the performance of earth structures and foundations from soil properties, founded by Karl Terzaghi in 1925.
Soil nailing
Soil nailing is a geotechnical construction method that reinforces in-place soil with steel bars drilled and grouted into a slope or excavation face, stabilizing cuts built from the top down.
Soil resistivity
Soil resistivity is the measure of how strongly soil resists conducting electrical current, a basic parameter for grounding, lightning protection, and corrosion control of buried structures.
Soil stabilization
Soil stabilization is a geotechnical method that improves the strength and durability of weak soils by blending soil gradations or mixing in additives like lime, cement, fly ash, or bitumen.
Soil–structure interaction analysis
Soil–structure interaction (SSI) analysis is an engineering method modeling how soil deformation and stiffness modify a structure's seismic response, using direct or substructure methods, notably for nuclear power plants.
Sojourner (rover)
Sojourner, also known as Mars Sojourner, was NASA's six-wheeled solar-powered rover deployed by the Mars Pathfinder lander on July 4, 1997, the first wheeled vehicle operated on another planet.
Sokhna Port
Sokhna Port, also written Ain Sokhna or El Sokhna, is a deep-water commercial port on Egypt's Red Sea coast, 40 km south of the Suez Canal's southern entrance.
Soko J-22 Orao
The Soko J-22 Orao is a twin-engined subsonic ground-attack and reconnaissance aircraft developed jointly by Yugoslavia and Romania, built by SOKO and still flown by Serbia.
Sokrates T. Pantelides
Sokrates T. Pantelides (S. T. Pantelides) is a theoretical physicist and computational materials scientist at Vanderbilt University, known for first-principles studies of defects in semiconductors and oxides.
Sol Burstein
Sol Burstein (1922–2002) was an American mechanical and nuclear engineer who led Wisconsin Electric's Point Beach nuclear plants and was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1985.
Sol de Janeiro
Sol de Janeiro is an American premium body care and fragrance brand founded in New York in 2015, best known for its Brazilian Bum Bum Cream and numbered Cheirosa scents.
Sol do Cerrado
Sol do Cerrado is a large photovoltaic solar complex operated by Brazilian mining company Vale in Jaíba, Minas Gerais, with 17 plants totaling 766 MWp.
Solaire Direct
Solairedirect was a French solar power developer founded in 2006, known for utility-scale photovoltaic projects built to compete without subsidies; ENGIE acquired it in 2015 for about €321 million.
Solapur power station
The Solapur Super Thermal Power Station is a 1,320 MW coal-fired power station owned by NTPC in Solapur district, Maharashtra, India, with units commissioned in 2017 and 2019.
Solar (model family)
Solar is a family of large language models developed by the South Korean AI company Upstage, beginning in 2023 and known for the depth up-scaling technique.
Solar air heater
A solar air heater is a solar thermal collector that transfers absorbed solar heat directly to air, used for space heating, ventilation preheating, crop drying, and process heat.
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a joint ESA-NASA solar observatory launched in 1995 to study the Sun from a point 1.5 million kilometers sunward of Earth.
Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer
SAMPEX, the Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer, was the first NASA Small Explorer satellite, launched in 1992 to study charged particles and operated until 2004.
Solar atlas
A solar atlas is a collection of maps, datasets, and tools describing a region's solar energy resource, typically giving long-term average solar irradiance and expected photovoltaic output.
Solar boat
A solar boat is a watercraft whose electric motor and onboard services run on electricity from photovoltaic panels charging batteries; the first was built in 1881, and MS Tûranor PlanetSolar completed a solar circumnavigation in 2012.
Solar car
A solar car, also called a solar-powered or solar electric car, is an electric vehicle whose photovoltaic cells convert sunlight into electricity stored in batteries.
Solar carport
A solar carport is a canopy structure built over parking spaces with photovoltaic modules mounted on its roof, generating electricity while sheltering vehicles and often hosting EV chargers.
Solar cell
A solar cell, also called a photovoltaic (PV) cell, is a semiconductor device that converts sunlight directly into electricity. The first practical cell was demonstrated at Bell Labs in 1954.
Solar chimney
A solar chimney heats air with sunlight so it rises through a vertical channel, ventilating a building or, at large scale, driving turbines to generate electricity.
Solar combisystem
A solar combisystem is a solar heating installation providing both domestic hot water and space heating, with an auxiliary source such as gas or biomass.
Solar cooling
Solar cooling is the production of cooling or air conditioning from sunlight, using solar heat to drive a refrigeration cycle or photovoltaic electricity for a conventional chiller.
Solar district heating
Solar district heating is the supply of heat from large fields of solar thermal collectors into a district heating network, pioneered in Denmark and now used by 346 towns and cities worldwide.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is a NASA solar-physics spacecraft launched on February 11, 2010, observing the Sun nearly continuously to understand solar variability and space weather.
Solar energy
Solar energy is the conversion of sunlight into usable energy, chiefly photovoltaic electricity and solar heat; solar PV generated over 8% of global electricity in 2025.