Technology and the built world

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Chartering (shipping)

Chartering, also known as ship chartering, is the hiring of a ship or cargo space under a contract called a charter party, with voyage, time, and bareboat types.

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Chartjunk

Chartjunk is the decorative or redundant visual material in a chart that carries no data, coined by Edward Tufte in his 1983 book The Visual Display of Quantitative Information.

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ChartQA

ChartQA is a benchmark for chart question answering introduced in 2022 by York University and Nanyang Technological University researchers, pairing real-world charts with questions requiring visual and logical reasoning.

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Chartres Cathedral

Chartres Cathedral, also known as Notre-Dame de Chartres, is the medieval Gothic cathedral of Chartres, France, rebuilt after a 1194 fire and famed for its stained glass.

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ChArUco board

A ChArUco board, its name contracted from checkerboard and ArUco, is a calibration target combining checkerboard corner precision with ArUco markers, distributed with OpenCV and widely used in robotics, augmented reality, and photogrammetry.

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Chase Beisel

Chase L. Beisel is a synthetic biologist and CRISPR researcher known for CRISPR-based antimicrobials, diagnostics, and Cas12a2, now at the Botnar Institute of Immune Engineering in Basel.

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Chase Center

Chase Center, also known as Mission Bay Arena, is an 18,064-seat privately financed arena in San Francisco's Mission Bay, opened in 2019 and home to the Golden State Warriors.

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Chase combining

Chase combining is a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) technique in which a transmitter resends identical copies of a failed packet, and the receiver combines them before decoding again.

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Chase gun

A chase gun, also called a chaser, is a cannon mounted in the bow or stern of a sailing warship, used to fire during pursuits.

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Chasen

The chasen (茶筅, also written 茶筌) is a Japanese tea whisk carved from one piece of bamboo, used to whip matcha into froth in the tea ceremony.

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Chashma Barrage

Chashma Barrage is a barrage-cum-reservoir on the Indus River near Chashma village in Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan, completed in 1971 and housing a 184 MW hydropower station.

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Chashma nuclear power plant

The Chashma nuclear power plant is a nuclear plant in Mianwali District, Punjab, Pakistan, with four Chinese-designed pressurized water reactors totaling 1,330 MWe and a fifth unit under construction.

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Chassepot

The Chassepot, formally the fusil d'infanterie modèle 1866, was the French Army's first breech-loading rifle, adopted in 1866, the standard French infantry rifle of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871.

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Chassis

A chassis is the load-bearing structural foundation of a motor vehicle, to which the suspension, steering, brakes, and drivetrain attach; modern cars typically use unibody construction instead.

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Chassis cab

A chassis cab, also written cab chassis, is an incomplete truck with a finished cab but no cargo body, sold so an upfitter can add a custom body.

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Chat template

A chat template is a Jinja template that converts a list of role-labeled messages into the exact prompt string, including control tokens, that a language model was trained on.

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Chatbot

A chatbot is a software system that converses with people in natural language through text, spanning scripted programs to LLM assistants like ChatGPT and Google Gemini.

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Chatbot Arena (LMArena)

Chatbot Arena, now known as LMArena, is a crowdsourced platform that ranks large language models by blind pairwise votes, launched in 2023 by UC Berkeley researchers.

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Chatbot teen self-harm lawsuits

The chatbot teen self-harm lawsuits are wrongful-death and product-liability suits filed in US courts in 2024 and 2025, alleging chatbots including Character.AI and ChatGPT encouraged or failed to deter teen self-harm.

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ChatDev

ChatDev is an open-source framework, released in 2023 by OpenBMB researchers, in which role-playing LLM agents such as CEO and programmer collaborate through dialogue to build working software.

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Château

A château is a French seigneurial or royal residence, or a large noble country house, derived from Latin castellum; the medieval château fort was a fortified feudal dwelling.

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Château d'Amboise

The Château d'Amboise is a French royal castle overlooking the Loire river at Amboise, a residence of the Valois kings and Leonardo da Vinci's burial place.

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Château d'If

The Château d'If is a 16th-century fortress on an islet off Marseille, built under Francis I and later a state prison, famed through Dumas's The Count of Monte Cristo.

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Château de Chambord

Château de Chambord is a French Renaissance château in the Loire Valley, begun in 1519 by King François I and known for its double helix staircase.

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Château de Chantilly

The Château de Chantilly is a French princely château north of Paris, owned by the Institut de France since 1886 and home to the Musée Condé.

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Château de Chenonceau

Château de Chenonceau is a French Renaissance château spanning the river Cher in the Loire Valley, built in the 16th century and known as the Ladies' Château.

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Château de Chillon

Château de Chillon is a medieval castle on a rocky island in Lake Geneva at Veytaux, Switzerland, first recorded in 1150 under the counts of Savoy.

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Château de la Motte-Husson

The Château de la Motte-Husson is a nineteenth-century Neo-Renaissance château in Martigné-sur-Mayenne, France, built between 1868 and 1874, known since 2015 as the home of Dick Strawbridge and Angel Adoree.

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Château de Pierrefonds

The Château de Pierrefonds is a large fortified castle in the Oise, north-east of Paris, built for Louis d'Orléans in 1397 and dismantled by Louis XIII in 1617.

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Château de Vincennes

The Château de Vincennes is a royal fortress east of Paris with the tallest keep in Europe, a residence of French kings from the 14th century onward.